|
List Of Classical Metres
The following meters were used in Greek poetry and adapted for Latin poetry: Major forms *Dactylic hexameter, the meter of the ''Iliad'', ''Odyssey'' and ''Aeneid'', used for epic and other narrative and didactic poetry *Elegiac couplet, consisting of a line of dactylic hexameter and one of dactylic pentameter, employed by Ovid for all his extant works except the ''Metamorphoses'' *Iambic trimeter, the most common meter in the dialogue portions of tragedy and comedy Aeolics *Glyconic and pherecratean * Asclepiad *Sapphic stanza, so called for Sappho *Alcaic stanza, so called for Alcaeus *Hendecasyllabic verse *Adonean Other meters *Choliambic, also known as limping iambs or scazon * Ionic *Anacreonteus *Anapestic *Trochaic * Dactylo-epitrite *Dochmiac *Galliambic, a relatively rare form of which ''Carmen'' 63 by Catullus is the only complete example from antiquity *Monometer In poetry, a monometer is a line of verse with just one metrical foot. Example Monometer can be exemplif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meter (poetry)
In poetry, metre ( Commonwealth spelling) or meter (American spelling; see American and British English spelling differences#-re, -er, spelling differences) is the basic rhythm, rhythmic structure of a verse (poetry), verse or Line (poetry), lines in verse. Many traditional verse forms prescribe a specific verse metre, or a certain set of metres alternating in a particular order. The study and the actual use of metres and forms of versification are both known as prosody. (Within linguistics, "Prosody (linguistics), prosody" is used in a more general sense that includes not only poetic metre but also the rhythmic aspects of prose, whether formal or informal, that vary from language to language, and sometimes between poetic traditions.) Characteristics An assortment of features can be identified when classifying poetry and its metre. Qualitative versus quantitative metre The metre of most poetry of the Western world and elsewhere is based on patterns of syllables of particular typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sappho
Sappho (; el, Σαπφώ ''Sapphō'' ; Aeolic Greek ''Psápphō''; c. 630 – c. 570 BC) was an Archaic Greek poet from Eresos or Mytilene on the island of Lesbos. Sappho is known for her Greek lyric, lyric poetry, written to be sung while accompanied by music. In ancient times, Sappho was widely regarded as one of the greatest lyric poets and was given names such as the "Tenth Muse" and "The Poetess". Most of Poetry of Sappho, Sappho's poetry is now lost, and what is extant has mostly survived in fragmentary form; only the "Ode to Aphrodite" is certainly complete. As well as lyric poetry, ancient commentators claimed that Sappho wrote elegiac and iambic poetry. Three epigrams attributed to Sappho are extant, but these are actually Hellenistic imitations of Sappho's style. Little is known of Sappho's life. She was from a wealthy family from Lesbos, though her parents' names are uncertain. Ancient sources say that she had three brothers; Charaxos (Χάραξος), Larichos ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catullus
Gaius Valerius Catullus (; 84 - 54 BCE), often referred to simply as Catullus (, ), was a Latin poet of the late Roman Republic who wrote chiefly in the neoteric style of poetry, focusing on personal life rather than classical heroes. His surviving works are still read widely and continue to influence poetry and other forms of art. Catullus's poems were widely appreciated by contemporary poets, significantly influencing Ovid and Virgil, among others. After his rediscovery in the Late Middle Ages, Catullus again found admirers such as Petrarch. The explicit sexual imagery which he uses in some of his poems has shocked many readers. Yet, at many instruction levels, Catullus is considered a resource for teachers of Latin. Catullus's style is highly personal, humorous, and emotional; he frequently uses hyperbole, anaphora, alliteration, and diminutives. In 25 of his poems he mentions his devotion to a woman he refers to as "Lesbia", who is widely believed to have been the Roma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galliambic
''Versus Galliambicus'' (Latin), or the ''Galliambic Verse'' (English), is a verse built from the Ionic à minore dimeter catalectic verse, as it is a verse added upon an Ionic à minori dimeter base. The ''Galliambic verse'' consists of two iambic dimeters catalectic of which the last one lacks the final syllable. It is structured with four Ionic à minore feet that is varied by resolutio) or contraction. This metre is also meant for the goddess Cybele. In Latin, ''galliambus'' is a song of the priests of Cybele, the ancient nature goddess of Anatolia. The Galliambic metre is constructed as shown below: uu , uu u uu u , – – , , uu , uu u uu u , × * "x" represents an anceps * a "u" represents a short syllable * a "—" represents a long syllable * a "uu" can be either 2 short syllables or 1 long syllable * the ", , " represents the caesura of the verse Examples The Galliambic Verse is found in Catullus 63: * "()" represents a synaloepha u u , - u - u , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dochmiac
Dochmiac ( grc, δοχμιακός, from δόχμιος 'across, aslant, oblique', or 'pertaining to a δοχμή or hand's-breath') is a Meter (poetry), poetic meter that is characteristically used in Greek tragedy, expressing extreme agitation or distress. They appear in every extant tragedy—N.C. Conomis counted a total of 1985 in the tragedies of Aeschylus (528×), Sophocles 291×), and Euripides (1166×)—, but there are also examples in satyric drama and Aristophanes, where they are often paratragic in tone and impassioned. Metrical scheme The base metrical scheme is: ‿ — — ‿ —, although any of the long syllables may be resolved (i.e., replaced by two shorts) and either of the two shorts may be replaced by a long (''drag-in'' where the first is replaced, ''drag-out'' where the second is replaced, and ''double drag'' where both are replaced). Thus, in theory, 32 variants are possible, ranging from five longs — — — —&nbs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trochaic (Greek Meter)
In ancient Greek and Latin literature, the trochaic septenarius or trochaic tetrameter catalectic is one of two major forms of poetic metre based on the trochee as its dominant rhythmic unit, the other being much rarer trochaic octonarius. It is used in drama and less often in poetry. Together with the iambic senarius, it is one of the two most commonly used metres of Latin comedy. It has a long history dating back to the 7th century BC. The term septenarius is mostly used for the form of the metre which is used in Roman drama, especially the comedies of Plautus and Terence. This consists of a line of fifteen elements, usually divided into two hemistichs of 8 and 7 elements. Any element except the last two could be resolved, i.e. divided into two short syllables. The basic pattern of the line was as follows: , – x – x , – x – x , , – x – x , – u – , Here – stands for a long element, x for an ''anceps'' (which could be long or short), and u for a short elem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anapestic (Greek Meter)
An anapaest (; also spelled anapæst or anapest, also called antidactylus) is a metrical foot used in formal poetry. In classical quantitative meters it consists of two short syllables followed by a long one; in accentual stress meters it consists of two unstressed syllables followed by one stressed syllable. It may be seen as a reversed dactyl. This word comes from the Greek , ''anápaistos'', literally "struck back" and in a poetic context "a dactyl reversed". Because of its length and the fact that it ends with a stressed syllable and so allows for strong rhymes, anapaest can produce a very rolling verse, and allows for long lines with a great deal of internal complexity. Apart from their independent role, anapaests are sometimes used as substitutions in iambic verse. In strict iambic pentameter, anapaests are rare, but they are found with some frequency in freer versions of the iambic line, such as the verse of Shakespeare's last plays, or the lyric poetry of the 19th century. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anacreonteus
Anacreontics are verses in a metre used by the Greek poet Anacreon in his poems dealing with love and wine. His later Greek imitators (whose surviving poems are known as the ''Anacreontea'') took up the same themes and used the Anacreontic meter. In modern poetry, Anacreontics are short lyrical pieces that keep the Anacreontic subject matter but not the metre. The Greek meter image:P.Oxy. II 220.jpg, A section from an ancient metrical treatise concerning the ''anacreonteus''. Above the description the lengths of all but the first syllable can be seen marked out; the final syllable is marked as anceps. Near the beginning of the description it is reported that some call the ''anacreonteus'' "Parionic" (παριωνικόν) because of its resemblance to the "class of Ionic meters" (Ἰωνικῶν γένους). ( P.Oxy. II 220 col. vii, 1st or 2nd century CE). The Anacreontic verse or anacreonteus is the eight-syllable line u u – u – u – – (where u = syllable weight, brev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ionic Meter
The ionic (or Ionic) is a four-syllable metrical unit ''(metron)'' of light-light-heavy-heavy (u u – –) that occurs in ancient Greek and Latin poetry. According to Hephaestion it was known as the ''Ionicos'' because it was used by the Ionians of Asia Minor; and it was also known as the ''Persicos'' and was associated with Persian poetry. Like the choriamb, in Greek quantitative verse the ionic never appears in passages meant to be spoken rather than sung. "Ionics" may refer inclusively to poetry composed of the various metrical units of the same total quantitative length (six morae) that may be used in combination with ionics proper: ionics, choriambs, and anaclasts. Equivalent forms exist in English poetry and in classical Persian poetry. Examples of ionics Pure examples of Ionic metrical structures occur in verse by Alcman (frg. 46 ''PMG'' = 34 D), Sappho (frg. 134-135 LP), Alcaeus (frg. 10B LP), Anacreon, and the Greek dramatists, including the first choral song of Aeschyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choliamb
Choliambic verse ( grc, χωλίαμβος), also known as limping iambs or scazons or halting iambic,. is a form of meter in poetry. It is found in both Greek and Latin poetry in the classical period. Choliambic verse is sometimes called ''scazon'', or "lame iambic", because it brings the reader down on the wrong "foot" by reversing the stresses of the last few beats. It was originally pioneered by the Greek lyric poet Hipponax, who wrote "lame trochaics" as well as "lame iambics". The basic structure is much like iambic trimeter, except that the last cretic is made heavy by the insertion of a longum instead of a breve. Also, the third anceps of the iambic trimeter line must be short in limping iambs. In other words, the line scans as follows (where — is a long syllable, u is a short syllable, and x is an anceps): :x — u — , x — u — , u — — — As in all classical verse forms, the phenomenon of brevis in longo is observed, so the last syllable can actually be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adonean
An adonic (Latin: ''adoneus'') is a unit of Aeolic verse, a five-syllable metrical foot consisting of a dactyl (poetry), dactyl followed by a trochee. The last line of a Sapphic stanza is an adonic. The pattern (with "-" a long and "u" a short syllable) is: "- u u - -" when the pattern ends with a spondee (i.e. --) or " -uu -u " if a trochee is intended. References External links Say Something Wonderful: Spot the Adonic Types of verses {{poetry-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
