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List Of Polish Jews
From the Middle Ages until the Holocaust, Polish Jews comprised an appreciable part of Poland's population. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, known for its Warsaw Confederation, religious toleranceHugh Redwald Trevor-Roper, ''From Counter-Reformation to Glorious Revolution'', University of Chicago Press 1992, page 51. Quote: "Poland, at that time, was the most tolerant country in Europe." Also in Britain and the Netherlands' by S. Groenveld, Michael J. Wintle; and in The exchange of ideas' (Walburg Instituut, 1994). and described as ''Heaven for the nobles, Purgatory for the townspeople, Hell for the peasants, and Paradise for the Jews, Paradisus Judaeorum'' (Latin for "Paradise of the Jews"), had attracted tens of thousands of Jews who fled persecution from other European countries. Poland was a major spiritual and cultural center for Ashkenazi Jews. At the start of the Second World War, Poland had the largest Jewish population in the world (over 3.3 million, some 10% of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralized authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued into the Early Middle Ages. The large-scale movements of the Migration Period, including various Germanic peoples, formed new kingdoms in what remained of the Western Roman Empire. In the 7th century, North Africa and the Middle East—most recently part of the Eastern Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakub Berman
Jakub Berman (23 December 1901 – 10 April 1984) was a Polish communist politician. Was born in Jewish family, son of Iser and Guta. An activist during the Second Polish Republic, in post-war communist Poland he was a member of the Politburo of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR) and then of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR). From 1948, he was considered the second most powerful politician in Poland after Bierut, until removed from power in 1956, following Bierut's death. Berman also oversaw Poland's cultural affairs. Alongside President Bolesław Bierut, Berman was responsible for party oversight of the Stalinist Ministry of Public Security, commonly known as the "UB". Under Berman's leadership, 200,000 people were imprisoned for alleged political crimes, and 6000 were executed. Early career Jakub Berman was born into a middle-class Jewish family in Warsaw on 23 December 1901. His younger brother was Adolf Berman. Jakub became a member of the Communist Youth Union and in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Michnik
Adam Michnik (; born 17 October 1946) is a Polish historian, essayist, former dissident, public intellectual, and editor-in-chief of the Polish newspaper, ''Gazeta Wyborcza''. Reared in a family of committed communists, Michnik became an opponent of Poland's communist regime at the time of the party's anti-Jewish purges. He was imprisoned after the 1968 March Events and again after the imposition of martial law in 1981. He has been called "one of Poland's most famous political prisoners". Michnik played a crucial role during the Polish Round Table Talks, as a result of which the communists agreed to call elections in 1989, which were won by Solidarity. Though he has withdrawn from active politics, he has "maintained an influential voice through journalism". He has received many awards and honors, including the Legion of Honour and European of the Year. He is also one of the 25 leading figures on the Information and Democracy Commission launched by Reporters Without Borders. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Meller
Stefan Meller (4 July 1942 in Lyon, France – 4 February 2008 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish diplomat and academician. He served as foreign minister of Poland from 31 October 2005, to 9 May 2006, in the cabinet of Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz. He was born to a Jewish family. Meller was a graduate from the faculty of history of the University of Warsaw. He was a Humanities professor until he was employed by the Polish Institute of International Affairs. He was also an editor-in-chief of a Polish monthly magazine "Mówią Wieki". From 1974 to 1992 he worked at the University of Warsaw and State Higher School of Drama and School of Social Sciences in Warsaw. He was previously the ambassador to France and Russia. He resigned from the position of a minister after Law and Justice made coalition with Samoobrona, and Samoobrona's leader, Andrzej Lepper. Meller said "I am not going to be the clown at Andrzej I's court". One of his sons – Marcin Meller was the editor-in-chief of the Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herman Lieberman
Herman Lieberman (4 January 1870 – 21 October 1941) was a Polish people, Polish lawyer and socialist politician. Life Lieberman was born into a Jewish family in Drohobych, Drohobycz, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Galicia, then part of Austro-Hungary. From 1907 to 1914 and from 1917 to 1918, he was a member of parliament in Vienna. During World War I he joined the Polish Legions in World War I, Polish Legions of Józef Piłsudski as a private. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant and took part in the Battle of Kostiuchnówka, for which he was awarded the Cross of Valor (Poland), Polish Cross of Valor. During the Oath crisis, when Polish troops refused to swear allegiance to Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany, Lieberman served as the lawyer for the Polish soldiers who were charged with treason by the German authorities. After World War I Lieberman became a leader of the Polish Socialist Party (''PPS''), serving on its executive committee. In January 1919 he became a member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agata Kornhauser-Duda
Agata Kornhauser-Duda (born 2 April 1972) is a Polish former teacher and the current First Lady of Poland. She is married to the president of Poland, Andrzej Duda. Background and family Kornhauser was born in Kraków, the child of Julian Kornhauser, Polish of Jewish descent writer, translator and literary critic and Alicja Wojna, a Polish philologist. She has one brother, Jakub, a poet and translator. She has been married to Andrzej Duda since 21 December 1994. Together they have one daughter, Kinga, born in 1995, a law student. Professional career She is a German teacher at the Jan III Sobieski High School, Kraków, where she has worked since 1998. She has been described as a demanding but fair and dedicated teacher, and during the presidential campaign only took one day off, vowing to stay with her students until the end of the school year. The school is her husband's alma mater, she herself attended its rival Bartłomiej Nowodworski High School. She wrote her dissertation on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julian Klaczko
Julian Klaczko (6 November 1825, Vilna (Wilno, Vilnius) – 26 November 1906, Kraków) was a Polish author, proficient in Hebrew, Polish, French, and German. He was born Jehuda Lejb into a wealthy Jewish family. At the age of 17 he published a book of Hebrew poetry called "Duda'im"(דודאים), as well as translating Polish literary works into Hebrew. He studied in Wilno and Königsberg (Królewiec), his interests including Philosophy, History and Literature. In 1847, he earned a PhD (doctorate work ''De rebus Franco-Gallicis saeculi XV''). He then moved to Heidelberg, and published in the liberal ''Deutsche Zeitung''. After the failure of the Poznań uprising (1848) he emigrated to France where he lived for the following 20 years. In Paris he changed his name and converted to Roman Catholic Christianity (1856), after his father's death. He was a co-editor of ''Wiadomości Polskie'', and published in ''Revue de Paris'', ''Revue Contemporaine'', and ''Revue des Deux Mondes'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Lady Of Poland
First Lady of the Republic of Poland is an informal designation customarily applied to the wife of the president of the Republic of Poland (as so far all Polish presidents have been male). The First Lady does not hold a constitutional position and there are no political duties associated with the role. However, the first lady sometimes accompanies her husband on formal occasions such as state visits. The current Polish first lady is Agata Kornhauser-Duda. Second Republic (1918–1939) Government in Exile (1939–1990) Communist Poland/Polish People's Republic (1944–1989) Third Republic (since 1989) See also Helena Paderewska, wife of Ignacy Jan Paderewski References External links First Lady of Poland(in Polish) {{First Ladies and Gentlemen Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 mill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Komorowska
Anna Julia Komorowska (née Dziadzia, born 11 May 1953) is a Polish classical philologist and former First Lady of Poland, as the wife of 5th President of Poland, Bronisław Komorowski. Early life and education She was born to Jan Dziadzia and Józefa Deptuła (born as Hana Rojer). Both of her parents worked for the communist Ministry of Public Security in post-war Poland. Her maternal grandparents Wolf and Estera Rojer were killed in the Holocaust. The family later changed their name to "Dembowski". Anna Dembowska studied at the , and went on to read classical philology''Anna Komorowska. Harcerka'', gazeta.pl Retrieved 7 July 2010 at the |
Shlomo Goren
Shlomo Goren ( he, שלמה גורן; February 3, 1917 – October 29, 1994), was a Polish-born Israeli Orthodox Religious Zionist rabbi and Talmudic scholar who was considered a foremost authority on Jewish law (Halakha). Goren founded and served as the first head of the Military Rabbinate of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Subsequently, he was the third Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel from 1973 to 1983, after which he established a yeshiva in Jerusalem, which he headed until his death. Goren served in the IDF during three wars, wrote several award-winning books on Jewish law, and was appointed Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv in 1968. Childhood Goren was born in Zambrów, Poland to Abraham and Haya Tzipora Goronczik. The family immigrated to the British Mandate of Palestine in 1925. The family was among the founders of Kfar Hasidim, a village of religious Jews near Haifa where Goren grew up. Education As a young boy he was sent to Jerusalem to study at the Etz Chaim yeshiva. Later he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barry Goldwater
Barry Morris Goldwater (January 2, 1909 – May 29, 1998) was an American politician and United States Air Force officer who was a five-term U.S. Senator from Arizona (1953–1965, 1969–1987) and the Republican Party nominee for president of the United States in 1964. Goldwater is the politician most often credited with having sparked the resurgence of the American conservative political movement in the 1960s. Despite his loss of the 1964 U.S. presidential election in a landslide, many political pundits and historians believe he laid the foundation for the conservative revolution to follow, as the grassroots organization and conservative takeover of the Republican party began a long-term realignment in American politics, which helped to bring about the "Reagan Revolution" of the 1980s. He also had a substantial impact on the American libertarian movement. Goldwater was born in Phoenix in what was then the Arizona Territory, where he helped manage his family's department ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronisław Geremek
Bronisław Geremek (; born Benjamin Lewertow;"Mój polski brat (My Polish Brother)", interview with Jerry Lewart, by Waldemar Piasecki 6 March 1932 – 13 July 2008) was a Polish social historian and politician. He served as (1991–2001), Minister of Foreign Affairs ...
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