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List Of Plasmodium Species Infecting Reptiles
Over 90 species and subspecies of ''Plasmodium'' infect lizards. They have been reported from over 3200 species of lizard but only 29 species of snake. Three species - ''P. pessoai'', ''P. tomodoni'' and ''P. wenyoni'' - infect snakes. These species belong to the subgenera ''Asiamoeba'', ''Carinamoeba'', ''Fallisia'', '' Garnia'', ''Lacertamoeba'', ''Ophidiella'', '' Paraplasmodium'' and ''Sauramoeba''.Schall J.J. (2000) Transmission success of the malaria parasite ''Plasmodium mexicanum'' into its vector: role of gametocyte density and sex ratio. Parasitol. 121 (6):575-580 Additional species continue to be described.Perkins S.L., Austin C. (2008) Four new species of Plasmodium from New Guinea lizards: Integrating morphology and molecules. J. Parasitol. Host records *''P. agamae'' - the rainbow lizard ('' Agama agama'') *''P. attenuatum'' - ''Ameiva ameiva'' *''P. arachniformis'' - chameleons *''P. aurulentum'' - neotropical forest gecko ('' Thecadactylus rapicaudus'') *''P. az ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Robinsoni
''Plasmodium robinsoni'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus ''Sauramoeba''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. robinsoni'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are lizards. Description The species was first described by Brygoo in 1962 in the chameleon (''Chamaeleo brevicornis''). Geographical occurrence This species is found in Madagascar. Clinical features and host pathology This species is known to infect the chameleon species ''Chamaeleo brevicornis'' and ''Chamaelo parsoni crucifer''. References Plasmodium, robinsoni {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Balli
''Plasmodium balli'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species it has vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts are lizards; the insect vector is not yet known. Description Telford first described ''Plasmodium balli'' in 1969.Telford SR Jr. (1969) A new Saurian malarial parasite ''Plasmodium balli'' from Panama. J. Protozool. 16(3):431-437 The host's proerythrocytes and normoblasts are more commonly parasitized than erythrocytes. Pigment is uncommon but when present, it consists of a minute dot. Enucleated host cells are common. The gametocytes are large and elongated. Hypertrophy, distortion and lysis of host cell nuclei may result from parasitization of immature blood cells by this stage. The schizonts produced up to 100 merozoites. Geographic occurrence This parasite is found in the Caribbean and Central America. Clinical features and host pathology Host record: Anole lizards - ''Anolis limifrons'', ''Anolis lionotus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Diploglossi
''Plasmodium diploglossi'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus '' Sauramoeba''. As in all ''Plasmodium'' species, ''P. diploglossi'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. Taxonomy The parasite was first described by Aragio and Neiva in 1909. It is the type species of the subgenus ''Sauramoeba''. Description Pigment does not occupy a distinct vacuole but may be clumped. The large schizonts considerably enlarge the host erythrocyte and may completely encircle the host cell nucleus. The mature gametocytes are broad. Like the schizonts, the gametocytes may almost encircle the host cell nucleus. A small cytoplasmic vacuole may be present in some gametocytes. Distribution This species is found in eastern Panama.Telford, Jr. S. R. (2007) Saurian malarial parasites in eastern Panama. J. Euk. Microbiol. 17(4):566-574 Hosts This species infects the anguid lizard '' Diploglossus fasciatus'' and ''Mabuya mabou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Diminutivum
''Plasmodium diminutivum'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus ''Carinamoeba''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. diminutivum'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. Description This species was described by Telford in 1973.S. R. Telford, Jr. ( 1973) Malaria parasites of the “Borriguerro” lizard, ''Ameiva ameiva'' (Sauria: Teiidae) in Panama. J. Protozol. 20(2) 203-207 The parasites have no apparent effect on the host erythrocyte and tend to lie in a polar or lateral position within the host cell. This species appears to infect only mature cells. The schizonts are initially round to oval but as they mature become fan shaped with a pigment mass forming the handle of the fan. Mature schizonts measure 4.1 +/- 0.2 (range: 3-4) micrometres x 3.1 +/- 0.1 (range: (3-4) micrometres and contain 4-6 merozoites. Mature gametocytes are round to oval and measure 5.6 +/- 0.2 (range: 5-7) micrometres x 4.8 +/- 0. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Cordyli
''Plasmodium achiotense'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus ''Carinamoeba''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. cordyli'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. Description The parasite was first described by Telford in 1987. Geographical occurrence This species is found in Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area .... Clinical features and host pathology This species infects cordylid lizards. References cordyli {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Colombiense
''Plasmodium colombiense'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. colombiense'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. Description The parasite was first described by Ayala and Spain in 1976. Geographical occurrence This species is found in Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th .... Clinical features and host pathology The only known host of this parasite is the iguanid lizard '' Anolis auratus''. References Further reading * colombiense {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Cnemidophori
''Plasmodium cnemidophori'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus '' Sauramoeba''. As in all ''Plasmodium'' species, ''P. cnemidophori'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are lizards. Description The parasite was first described by Carini in 1941.Carini, A. 1941. Sobre um plasmodio endoglobular e uma Eimeria do lagarto ''Cnemidophorus lemniscatus lemniscatus''. Arch. Biol. S. Paulo 25, 205-208. The schizonts and gametocytes caused hypertrophy and distortion of host cell and nucleus. The nucleus may be displaced. Pigment is not located in a distinct vacuole. The schizonts are usually polar in position, rounded in shape, and may produce over 100 merozoites. Large schizonts visibly enlarge the erythrocyte. Mature schizonts measure 13.0 +/- 0.4 (range: 10-15) micrometres x 10.8 +/- 3 (range: 8-13) micrometres. The gametocytes are elongated and lateral in position. Mature microgametocytes measure 11.8 +/- 0.9 (range: 10-15 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Cnemaspi
''Plasmodium cnemaspi'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus '' Sauramoeba''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. cnemaspi'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are lizards. Description The parasite was first described by Telford in 1984.Telford, Jr S.R. (1984) Studies on African saurian malarias: Three ''Plasmodium'' species from gekkonid hosts J. Parasitol. 70 (3) 343-354 Geographical occurrence This species is found in the Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands .... Clinical features and host pathology This species infects the lizard '' Cnemaspis africana''. References cnemaspi {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Circularis
''Plasmodium circularis'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus '' Sauramoeba''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. circularis'' has both vertebrate and insect Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body ( head, thorax and abdomen), three ... hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. Description The parasite was first described by Telford and Stein in 2000. Geographical occurrence This species is found in Australia and infects the Australian skink '' Egernia stokesii''. References circularis {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Chiricahuae
''Plasmodium chiricahuae'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus ''Paraplasmodium''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. chiricahuae'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. Description The schizonts rarely exceed the size of the nucleus of the cell and produce 4-10 merozoites. The gametocytes are large (3-6 times the size of the nucleus of an uninfected cell) and almost fill the erythrocyte Red blood cells (RBCs), also referred to as red cells, red blood corpuscles (in humans or other animals not having nucleus in red blood cells), haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes (from Greek ''erythros'' for "red" and ''kytos'' for "holl .... Distribution This species is found in the south-western United States and probably also in northern Mexico. Hosts This species infects spiny lizards of the genus '' Sceloporus''. References Further reading * chiricahuae {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Brygooi
''Plasmodium brygooi'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus ''Lacertamoeba''. Like all ''Plasmodium'' species ''P. brygooi'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are lizards. Description This species was first described by Telford and Landau in 1987. Etymology The name of the species refers to Édouard-Raoul Brygoo, a French parasitologist. Geographical occurrence This species is found in Madagascar. Clinical features and host pathology The only known host is the chameleon (''Chamaeleo brevicornis ''Chamaeleo'' is a genus of chameleons in the family Chamaeleonidae. Most species of the genus ''Chamaeleo'' are found in sub-Saharan Africa, but a few species are also present in northern Africa, southern Europe, and southern Asia east to Indi ...''). References brygooi {{plasmodium-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasmodium Brumpti
''Plasmodium brumpti'' is a parasite of the genus ''Plasmodium'' subgenus '' Sauramoeba''. As in all ''Plasmodium'' species, ''P. brumpti'' has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles. Taxonomy This species was described by Peláez and Perez-Reyes in 1952 in the reptile '' Sceloporus borridus''. It was named after Alexandre Joseph Emile Brumpt (1877–1951) a French professor of parasitology. Description ''Plasmodium brumpti'' are differentiated from other ''Plasmodium'' species by several characteristics. In the blood of the reptile host, parasites in the schizont stage produce 12-22 merozoites. The gametocytes are elongated and ovular. Both schizonts and gametocytes are fairly large, more than twice the size of the host cell nucleus. Distribution ''P. brumpti'' has been found in reptiles in Morelos, Alpoyeca, and Puente de Ixtla Puente de Ixtla is a city in the Mexican state of Morelos. It stands at . The city serves as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |