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Lirceus Usdagalun
''Lirceus usdagalun'' is a rare species of crustacean known by the common name Lee County cave isopod. It is endemic to Virginia in the United States, where it is known from a single network of karst cave systems in Lee County. It is threatened by a number of processes. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.USFWSETWP; Determination of Endangered Status for the Lee County Cave Isopod (''Lirceus usdagalun'').''Federal Register'' November 20, 1992. This isopod is a troglobite, an organism that spends its entire life in caves. It is roughly 7 millimeters long. It lacks eyes and pigmentation. It is flattened and has seven pairs of appendages.USFWS''Lirceus usdagalun'' Recovery Plan.September 30, 1997. The species name, ''usdagalun'', is from a Cherokee word meaning "cave" or "hole under rock". This organism is endemic to The Cedars, a cave region in the Powell River Valley of southwestern corner of Virginia. It is known from four cave systems. When it was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Extinction
Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions. Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. In recent times, local extinction has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations; wolf reintroduction is an example of this. The term "local extinction" is highly vernacular. The more proper biological term is ''extirpation''. Discussion Glaciation can lead to local extinction. This was the case during the Pleistocene glaciation event in North America. During this period, most of the native North American species of earthworm were killed in places covered by glaciation. This left them open for colonization by European earthworms brought over in soil from Europe. Species naturally become extirpated from islands over time. The number ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Fauna Of Virginia
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example ''Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. ''Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cave Crustaceans
A cave or cavern is a natural void in the ground, specifically a space large enough for a human to enter. Caves often form by the weathering of rock and often extend deep underground. The word ''cave'' can refer to smaller openings such as sea caves, rock shelters, and grottos, that extend a relatively short distance into the rock and they are called ''exogene'' caves. Caves which extend further underground than the opening is wide are called ''endogene'' caves. Speleology is the science of exploration and study of all aspects of caves and the cave environment. Visiting or exploring caves for recreation may be called ''caving'', ''potholing'', or ''spelunking''. Formation types The formation and development of caves is known as '' speleogenesis''; it can occur over the course of millions of years. Caves can range widely in size, and are formed by various geological processes. These may involve a combination of chemical processes, erosion by water, tectonic forces, microorgan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crustaceans Of The United States
Crustaceans (Crustacea, ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as decapods, seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, amphipods and mantis shrimp. The crustacean group can be treated as a subphylum under the clade Mandibulata. It is now well accepted that the hexapods emerged deep in the Crustacean group, with the completed group referred to as Pancrustacea. Some crustaceans (Remipedia, Cephalocarida, Branchiopoda) are more closely related to insects and the other hexapods than they are to certain other crustaceans. The 67,000 described species range in size from '' Stygotantulus stocki'' at , to the Japanese spider crab with a leg span of up to and a mass of . Like other arthropods, crustaceans have an exoskeleton, which they moult to grow. They are distinguished from other groups of arthropods, such as insects, myriapods and chelicerates, by the possession of biramous (two-parted) limbs, and by their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asellota
Asellota is a suborder of isopod crustaceans found in marine and freshwater environments. Roughly one-quarter of all marine isopods belong to this suborder. Members of this suborder are readily distinguished from other isopods by their complex copulatory apparatus. Other characteristics include six-jointed antennal peduncle, the styliform uropods (a character shared with some other isopod groups), the fusion of pleonites 5, 4 and sometimes 3 to the pleotelson, and absence of the first pleopod in females. Classification The suborder Asellota comprises these families: Some classifications also include the Microcerberidea within Asellota. Janiroidea Sars, 1897 *Acanthaspidiidae Menzies, 1962 * Dendrotiidae Vanhöffen, 1914 *Desmosomatidae Sars, 1899 * Echinothambematidae Menzies, 1956 *Haplomunnidae Wilson, 1976 *Haploniscidae Hansen, 1916 *Ischnomesidae Hansen, 1916 *Janirellidae Menzies, 1956 *Janiridae Sars, 1897 * Joeropsis Koehler, 1885http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php? ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphalloplana
Kenkiidae is a family of freshwater triclads. Their species can be found sporadically in caves, groundwater, and deep lakes in Central Asia, Far East and North America.Ball, I. R.: A contribution to the phylogeny and biogeography of the freshwater triclads (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria). Biology of the Turbellaria (Edited by: Riser NW and Morse MP). New York: McGraw-Hill New York 1974 , 339-401. Description Species in the family Kenkiidae are characterized by a thickened marginal epidermis, i.e., the epidermis of the body margins have larger cells provided with bigger rhabdites than the epidermis of the rest of the body. Kenkiidae species have the testicles situated anterior to the pharynx, feature also common in the Dugesiidae and Planariidae. They have an anterior adhesive organ, which is also found in the family Dendrocoelidae Dendrocoelidae is a family of freshwater tricladida flatworms that has a holarctic distribution. The largest freshwater triclad known belongs to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planarian
A planarian is one of the many flatworms of the traditional class Turbellaria. It usually describes free-living flatworms of the order Tricladida (triclads), although this common name is also used for a wide number of free-living platyhelminthes. Planaria are common to many parts of the world, living in both saltwater and freshwater ponds and rivers. Some species are terrestrial and are found under logs, in or on the soil, and on plants in humid areas. The triclads are characterized by triply branched intestine and anteriorly situated ovaries, next to the brain. Today the order Tricladida is split into three suborders, according to their phylogenetic relationships: Maricola, Cavernicola and Continenticola. Formerly, the Tricladida was split according to habitats: Maricola, which is marine; Paludicola which inhabits freshwater; and Terricola, which is land-dwelling. Planaria exhibit an extraordinary ability to regenerate lost body parts. For example, a planarian split lengt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fontigens
''Fontigens'' is a genus of minute freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs or micromolluscs in the family Hydrobiidae Hydrobiidae, commonly known as mud snails, is a large cosmopolitan family of very small freshwater and brackish water snails with an operculum; they are in the order Littorinimorpha. Distribution Hydrobiidae are found in much of the world, .... Species Species within the genus ''Fontigens'' include: *'' Fontigens aldrichi'' *'' Fontigens antroecetes'' *'' Fontigens binneyana'' *'' Fontigens bottimeri'' *'' Fontigens cryptica'' *'' Fontigens holsingeri'' Hubricht, 1976 - Tapered cavesnail *'' Fontigens morrisoni'' *'' Fontigens nickliniana'' *'' Fontigens orolibas'' *'' Fontigens proserpina'' *'' Fontigens tartarea'' *'' Fontigens turritella'' Hubricht, 1976 - Greenbrier cavesnail References Animal Diversity Web, Fontigens Classification Hydrobiidae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Hydrobiidae-st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crangonyx Antennatus
''Crangonyx'' is a genus of crustacean in family Crangonyctidae. ''Crangonyx'' species can live in marshes, savannas or swamps as well as caves. It contains the following species: *'' Crangonyx aberrans'' S. I. Smith, 1983 *''Crangonyx acicularis'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *'' Crangonyx africanus'' Missouli, 2006 *'' Crangonyx aka'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx alpinus'' Bousfield, 1983 *'' Crangonyx anomalus'' Hubricht, 1943 *'' Crangonyx antennatus'' Cope & Packard, 1881 *''Crangonyx arsenjevi'' (Derzjavin, 1927) *''Crangonyx baculispina'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *'' Crangonyx barri'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx bousfieldi'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx caecus'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx castellanum'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx chlebnikovi'' Borutzky, 1928 *''Crangonyx consimilis'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx cooperi'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx cornutus'' Zhang & Holsinger, 2003 *''Crangonyx dearolfi'' Shoema ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphipod
Amphipoda is an order of malacostracan crustaceans with no carapace and generally with laterally compressed bodies. Amphipods range in size from and are mostly detritivores or scavengers. There are more than 9,900 amphipod species so far described. They are mostly marine animals, but are found in almost all aquatic environments. Some 1,900 species live in fresh water, and the order also includes the terrestrial sandhoppers such as ''Talitrus saltator''. Etymology and names The name ''Amphipoda'' comes, via New Latin ', from the Greek roots 'on both/all sides' and 'foot'. This contrasts with the related Isopoda, which have a single kind of thoracic leg. Particularly among anglers, amphipods are known as ''freshwater shrimp'', ''scuds'', or ''sideswimmers''. Description Anatomy The body of an amphipod is divided into 13 segments, which can be grouped into a head, a thorax and an abdomen. The head is fused to the thorax, and bears two pairs of antennae and one pair of se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caecidotea Recurvata
''Caecidotea'' is a genus of crustacean in the family Asellidae. It contains the following species: *'' Caecidotea acuticarpa'' Mackin & Hubricht, 1940 *'' Caecidotea adenta'' (Mackin & Hubricht, 1940) *'' Caecidotea alabamensis'' (Stafford, 1911) *'' Caecidotea ancyla'' (Fleming, 1972) *''Caecidotea antricola'' Creaser, 1931 *'' Caecidotea attenuata'' (Richardson, 1900) *''Caecidotea barri'' (Steeves, 1965) *''Caecidotea beattyi'' Lewis & Bowman, 1981 *'' Caecidotea bicrenata'' (Steeves, 1963) *''Caecidotea bilineata'' Lewis & Bowman, 1996 *''Caecidotea bowmani'' Lewis, 1980 *''Caecidotea brevicauda'' (Forbes, 1876) *''Caecidotea cannula'' (Steeves, 1963) *''Caecidotea carolinensis'' Lewis & Bowman, 1977 *''Caecidotea catachaetus'' (Fleming & Steeves, 1972) *''Caecidotea chiapas'' Bowman, 1975 *''Caecidotea circulus'' (Steeves & Holsinger, 1968) *''Caecidotea communis'' (Say, 1818) *''Caecidotea cumberlandensis'' Lewis, 2000 *''Caecidotea cyrtorhynchus'' (Fleming & Steeves, 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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