|
Leucoagaricus Gongylophorus
''Leucoagaricus gongylophorus'' is a fungus in the family Agaricaceae which is cultivated by certain leafcutter ants. Like other species of fungi cultivated by ants, ''L. gongylophorus'' produces gongylidia, nutrient-rich hyphal swellings upon which the ants feed. Production of mushrooms occurs only once ants abandon the nest. ''L. gongylophorus'' is farmed by leaf cutter ant species belonging to the genera ''Atta'' and ''Acromyrmex'', amongst others. Description ''L. gongylophorus'' is completely dependent on ants for survival with workers feeding it cut plant matter and new queens carrying a piece of mycelium in their infrabuccal pocket (a specialised structure within the mouth) in order to found a new colony. For both its source of nutrition and mechanism of spreading it is reliant on the ants. The species has co-evolved with ants so thoroughly that it can no longer rely upon producing mushrooms to emit spores as a viable survival mechanism as it has lost the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolf Singer
Rolf Singer (June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994) was a Germany, German-born mycologist and one of the most important Taxonomy (biology), taxonomists of gilled mushrooms (agarics) in the 20th century. After receiving his Ph.D. at the University of Vienna in 1931 he worked in Munich. By 1933, however, Singer left Germany for Vienna due to the political deterioration in Germany. There he met his wife, Martha Singer. From Vienna, Singer and his wife went to Barcelona, Spain, where Singer was appointed assistant professor at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. Persecution by the Spanish authorities on behalf of the Germany, German government forced Singer to leave Spain for France in 1934. After a fellowship at the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, Singer again moved, this time to Leningrad, where he was Senior Scientific Expert at the Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. During his time at the Academy, Singer made many expeditions to Siberia, the Altai Mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escovopsis
''Escovopsis'' is a genus of seven formally acknowledged parasitic microfungus species that rely on other fungi to be their hosts. This genus formally circumscribed with a single identified species in 1990; in 2013 three other species were added. In an early 2015 published study, scientists collected five species of ''Escovopsis'' from both genera of fungus-growing ants, ''Atta'' and ''Acromyrmex'', four of which came from ant colonies in Brazil and the fifth of which came from Trinidad. These ''Escovopsis'' species included '' E. moelleri'', '' E. microspora'', '' E. weberi'', '' E. lentecrescens'', and '' E. aspergilloides''. The research revealed another ''Escovopsis'' species ('' E. trichodermoides'') isolated and derived from the lower attine ant, ''Mycocepurus goeldii''. It was determined to be a species independent of the other five species because of its complex branch system and varying conidiophores, which lack typical swelling. A separate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic Taxon
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa. Examples Just as the term ''monotypic'' is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are: Plants * In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, '' Amborella'', and in this genus there is only one species, namely ''Amborella trichopoda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acromyrmex Disciger
''Acromyrmex disciger'' is a species of leaf-cutter ant, a New World ant of the subfamily Myrmicinae of the genus ''Acromyrmex''. This species is from one of the two genera of advanced attines (fungus-growing ants) within the tribe Attini. It is found in the wild naturally in Paraguay. See also *List of leafcutter ants This is a list of leafcutter ants, comprising 42 species from two genera: ''Atta'' and ''Acromyrmex ''Acromyrmex'' is a genus of New World ants of the subfamily Myrmicinae. This genus is found in South America and parts of Central America and t ... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5232776 disciger Insects described in 1887 Hymenoptera of South America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leucocoprinus
''Leucocoprinus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its best-known member is the distinctive yellow mushroom '' Leucocoprinus birnbaumii'', which is found in plant pots and greenhouses worldwide. The type species is '' Leucocoprinus cepistipes''. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains over 80 recognised species, however many of these species are very scarcely recorded and little known with only a small number of ''Leucocoprinus'' species which are commonly observed. The majority of the species in this genus are exclusive to tropical environments however numerous species have become a common sight in plant pots and greenhouses resulting in them becoming well known worldwide. It is likely that some of the observations for these common species are misidentified with observations for ''L. birnbaumii'' in particular often being conflated with other species simply because it is better known or more frequently suggested by image recognition algorithms. Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apterostigma Auriculatum
''Apterostigma'' is a genus of New World ants of the subfamily Myrmicinae. Two species have been described from fossils preserved in Dominican amber, while the others are extant. They are fungus-growing ants, though, unlike the majority of other species in Attini who grow Lepiotaceae, some species have begun cultivating Tricholomataceae. Species *'' Apterostigma acre'' Lattke, 1997 *'' Apterostigma ancilonodum'' Lattke, 1997 *'' Apterostigma andense'' Lattke, 1997 *'' Apterostigma angustum'' Lattke, 1997 *'' Apterostigma auriculatum'' Wheeler, 1925 *''Apterostigma avium'' Lattke, 1997 *''Apterostigma bolivianum'' Weber, 1938 *''Apterostigma bruchi'' Santschi, 1919 *''Apterostigma callipygium'' Lattke, 1997 *''Apterostigma calverti'' Wheeler, 1911 *'' Apterostigma carinatum'' Lattke, 1997 *'' Apterostigma chocoense'' Lattke, 1997 *'' Apterostigma collare'' Emery, 1896 *'' Apterostigma convexum'' Lattke, 1997 *'' Apterostigma dentigerum'' Wheeler, 1925 *'' Apterostigma depressum' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyphomyrmex Costatus
''Cyphomyrmex'' is a genus of fungus-growing ants found primarily in South and Central America. However, some species do come up to the southern portion of North America. They grow a variety of fungi in the tribe Leucocoprineae. Most fungal gardens are grown in small nodules, some species to cultivate entire mycelium, though. Colonies are monogynous and are relatively small with about 100 workers on average. Taxonomy This genus is within the subfamily '' Myrmicinae'' and the tribe '' Attini''. ''Cyphomyrmex'' is a more basal part of this phylogenetic relationship. With more recent phylogenetic studies, more derived genera are placed ahead of this genus, now making it sister to the genus ''Mycetophylax''. The fungi that are grown by attine ants, like ''Cyphomyrmex'', follow similar diversification as their ant cultivators. Also, chemicals used throughout the attine ants are derived from one another. So, those used by ''Cyphomyrmex'' provided a base plan for more complex mixtures ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycetophylax Conformis
''Mycetophylax'' is a genus of fungus-growing ants. The genus is characterized exclusively for the New World and is only found on coastal sandy beaches and shallow waters of Brazil.D. C. Cardoso, M. P. Cristiano and M. G. Tavares. 2011Methodological remarks on rearing basal Attini ants in the laboratory for biological and evolutionary studies: overview of the genus ''Mycetophylax''.// Insectes Sociaux. Volume 58, Number 3, 427—430, Species *'' Mycetophylax conformis'' (Mayr, 1884) *''Mycetophylax morschi'' (Emery, 1888) *''Mycetophylax simplex ''Mycetophylax'' is a genus of fungus-growing ants. The genus is characterized exclusively for the New World and is only found on coastal sandy beaches and shallow waters of Brazil.D. C. Cardoso, M. P. Cristiano and M. G. Tavares. 2011Methodologi ...'' (Emery, 1888) References Formicinae Ant genera Hymenoptera of South America Fauna of Brazil {{formicinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myrmicocrypta Buenzlii
''Myrmicocrypta'' is a Neotropical genus of fungus-growing ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. The genus is known from Mexico to Argentina. Their colonies are generally small, consisting of fewer than 200 individuals. Species * '' Myrmicocrypta boliviana'' Weber, 1938 * ''Myrmicocrypta bruchi'' Santschi, 1936 * '' Myrmicocrypta buenzlii'' Borgmeier, 1934 * '' Myrmicocrypta collaris'' Emery, 1913 * ''Myrmicocrypta dilacerata'' (Forel, 1885) * ''Myrmicocrypta ednaella'' Mann, 1922 * '' Myrmicocrypta elisabethae'' Weber, 1937 * '' Myrmicocrypta foreli'' Mann, 1916 * '' Myrmicocrypta godmani'' Forel, 1899 * '' Myrmicocrypta guianensis'' Weber, 1937 * '' Myrmicocrypta infuscata'' Weber, 1946 * '' Myrmicocrypta longinoda'' Weber, 1938 * '' Myrmicocrypta microphthalma'' Borgmeier, 1948 * ''Myrmicocrypta occipitalis'' Weber, 1938 * '' Myrmicocrypta ogloblini'' Santschi, 1936 * '' Myrmicocrypta rudiscapa'' Emery, 1913 * '' Myrmicocrypta spinosa'' Weber, 1937 * ''Myrmicocrypta squamosa'' Sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leucoagaricus
''Leucoagaricus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Several fungus-growing ants cultivate multiple species for food. The genus contains approximately 90 species. Taxonomy This group of mushrooms was first defined as a subgenus of ''Leucocoprinus'' by Marcel Locquin in 1945, and it was then elevated to the status of genus by Rolf Singer in the journal ''Sydowia'' in 1948. The group was characterized as belonging to family Agaricaceae with white, dirty cream or pink spores which are generally small (up to 10 µm) but much bigger in one species, with a germ pore, with a pseudo-amyloid multilayered membrane, simple or ornamented, which is metachromatic in cresyl blue. The hyphae in the sporocarp are without clamp connections. There is always a ring which is initially fixed (but later may be movable). The type species is ''Leucoagaricus barssii'' (Zeller) Vellinga, which was formerly called ''L. macrorhizus''. Species Select species include: *''Leucoagaric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Alfred Gustav Jobst Møller
Friedrich may refer to: Names *Friedrich (surname), people with the surname ''Friedrich'' *Friedrich (given name), people with the given name ''Friedrich'' Other *Friedrich (board game), a board game about Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War * ''Friedrich'' (novel), a novel about anti-semitism written by Hans Peter Richter *Friedrich Air Conditioning, a company manufacturing air conditioning and purifying products *, a German cargo ship in service 1941-45 See also *Friedrichs (other) *Frederick (other) *Nikolaus Friedreich Nikolaus Friedreich (1 July 1825 in Würzburg – 6 July 1882 in Heidelberg) was a German pathologist and neurologist, and a third generation physician in the Friedreich family. His father was psychiatrist Johann Baptist Friedreich (1796–1862) ... {{disambig ja:フリードリヒ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symbiosis
Symbiosis (from Greek , , "living together", from , , "together", and , bíōsis, "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic. The organisms, each termed a symbiont, must be of different species. In 1879, Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as "the living together of unlike organisms". The term was subject to a century-long debate about whether it should specifically denote mutualism, as in lichens. Biologists have now abandoned that restriction. Symbiosis can be obligatory, which means that one or more of the symbionts depend on each other for survival, or facultative (optional), when they can generally live independently. Symbiosis is also classified by physical attachment. When symbionts form a single body it is called conjunctive symbiosis, while all other arrangements are called disjunctive symbiosis."symbiosis." Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
