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Lepiota Subincarnata
''Lepiota subincarnata'' is a gilled mushroom of the genus ''Lepiota'' in the order Agaricales. It is known to contain amatoxins and consuming this fungus can be potentially lethal. The species is found in Asia, Europe, and North America, in woods as well as richly soiled parks. It was first described scientifically by the Danish mycologist Jakob Emanuel Lange in 1940. Bon and Boiffard described ''Lepiota josserandii'' in 1974, which turned out to be the same species. The mushroom's cap is light red to red-brown and cream-colored closer to the margin. The gills are whitish and the flesh is white to pinkish towards the top. The stem may be slightly larger at the base, cream-colored with patches of the cap color. The odor is somewhat fruity and the taste of the poisonous mushroom is unpleasant. See also * List of deadly fungi Although many people have a fear of mushroom poisoning by "toadstool A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakob Emanuel Lange
Jakob Emanuel Lange (2 April 1864 – 27 December 1941), was a Danish mycologist who studied the systematics of gilled mushrooms. His best-known work is ''Flora Agaricina Danica'', a five-volume plate work on the Agaricales of Denmark. He was also a dedicated Georgist land reformer. He was the father of Morten Lange (1919–2003), mycologist, professor at the University of Copenhagen and member of the Folketing The Folketing ( da, Folketinget, ; ), also known as the Parliament of Denmark or the Danish Parliament in English, is the unicameral national legislature (parliament) of the Kingdom of Denmark—Denmark proper together with the Faroe Islands .... Notes 1864 births 1941 deaths Danish mycologists Georgists {{mycologist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Bon
Marcel Bon (17 March 1925 – 11 May 2014)http://fmbds.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/CAFAM-2014-CR-complet.pdf was one of France's best known field mycologists. He was born in Picardy in 1925 and came to mycology through general botany, and pharmacology. He lived at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme, a quaint little town on the mouth of the river Somme, in Picardy, Northern France, which was a former artists' and writers' retreat, and is now a popular tourist town. In 1987, along with two artists (John Wilkinson, and Denys Ovenden) he produced a comprehensive field guide for mycologists, ''The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe''. His other skills were as a pianist, an artist, and a skier. Bibliography *''The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North Western Europe'', Bon M., (1987) pub. Hodder and Stoughton. ** (paperback) ** (hardback). *''Les tricholomes de France et d'Europe occidentale'', Bon. M, (1984) pub. Lechevalier (Paris). *''Fungorum Rariorum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mushroom
A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is the cultivated white button mushroom, ''Agaricus bisporus''; hence the word "mushroom" is most often applied to those fungi ( Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes) that have a stem ( stipe), a cap ( pileus), and gills (lamellae, sing. lamella) on the underside of the cap. "Mushroom" also describes a variety of other gilled fungi, with or without stems, therefore the term is used to describe the fleshy fruiting bodies of some Ascomycota. These gills produce microscopic spores that help the fungus spread across the ground or its occupant surface. Forms deviating from the standard morphology usually have more specific names, such as "bolete", "puffball", "stinkhorn", and " morel", and gilled mushrooms themselves are often called "agarics" in refere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lepiota
''Lepiota'' is a genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Agaricaceae. All ''Lepiota'' species are ground-dwelling saprotrophs with a preference for rich, calcareous soils. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid with whitish spores, typically with scaly caps and a ring on the stipe. Around 400 species of ''Lepiota'' are currently recognized worldwide. Many species are poisonous, some lethally so. Taxonomy History ''Agaricus'' section ''Lepiota'' was originally published in 1797 by South African-born mycologist Christian Hendrik Persoon. It was subsequently raised to the rank of genus by Samuel Frederick Gray. As originally conceived, the genus was a mix of agarics with rings on their stems, including species now placed in ''Armillaria'', ''Cortinarius'', and ''Pholiota''. In 1822, however, the influential Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries restricted ''Lepiota'' to white-spored, ringed agarics. Based on macro- and micromorphology, later authors gradually refined the gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricales
The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13,000 described species, along with six extinct genera known only from the fossil record. They range from the ubiquitous common mushroom to the deadly destroying angel and the hallucinogenic fly agaric to the bioluminescent jack-o-lantern mushroom. History, classification and phylogeny In his three volumes of '' Systema Mycologicum'' published between 1821 and 1832, Elias Fries put almost all of the fleshy, gill-forming mushrooms in the genus ''Agaricus''. He organized the large genus into "tribes", the names of many of which still exist as common genera of today. Fries later elevated several of these tribes to generic level, but later authors—including Gillet, Karsten, Kummer, Quélet, and Staude—made most of the changes. Fries based his classification on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amatoxin
Amatoxin is the collective name of a subgroup of at least nine related toxic compounds found in three genera of poisonous mushrooms (''Amanita'', ''Galerina'' and ''Lepiota'') and one species (Conocybe filaris) of the genus ''Conocybe''. Amatoxins are lethal in even small doses, as little as half a mushroom, including the immature 'egg' form which appears quite different from the fully-grown mushroom. Although laboratory analysis has found that the spores contain as little as 3% the toxin concentration of the main mushroom body, anecdotes have been repeated in field guides that claim foragers have fallen ill from spores alone after collecting but then discarding toxic Amanitas, unknowingly leaving their spore dust on the remaining harvest. Unlike many ingested poisons, they cannot be destroyed by heat without destroying the mushrooms beyond edibility first, so cooking the poisonous mushrooms does not diminish their lethality. Structure The compounds have a similar structure, tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species Description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper. Its purpose is to give a clear description of a new species of organism and explain how it differs from species that have been described previously or are related. In order for species to be validly described, they need to follow guidelines established over time. Zoological naming requires adherence to the ICZN code, plants, the ICN, viruses ICTV, and so on. The species description often contains photographs or other illustrations of type material along with a note on where they are deposited. The publication in which the species is described gives the new species a formal scientific name. Some 1.9 million species have been identified and described, out of some 8.7 million that may actually exist. Millions more have become extinct throughout the existence of life on Earth. Naming process A name of a new species becomes valid (available in zo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poisonous Mushroom
Mushroom poisoning is poisoning resulting from the ingestion of mushrooms that contain toxic substances. Its symptoms can vary from slight gastrointestinal discomfort to death in about 10 days. Mushroom toxins are secondary metabolites produced by the fungus. Mushroom poisoning is usually the result of ingestion of wild mushrooms after misidentification of a toxic mushroom as an edible species. The most common reason for this misidentification is a close resemblance in terms of color and general morphology of the toxic mushrooms species with edible species. To prevent mushroom poisoning, mushroom gatherers familiarize themselves with the mushrooms they intend to collect, as well as with any similar-looking toxic species. The safety of eating wild mushrooms may depend on methods of preparation for cooking. Signs and symptoms Poisonous mushrooms contain a variety of different toxins that can differ markedly in toxicity. Symptoms of mushroom poisoning may vary from gastric upset ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Deadly Fungi
Although many people have a fear of mushroom poisoning by "toadstool A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is th ...s", only a small number of the many macroscopic fruiting bodies commonly known as mushrooms and toadstools have proven fatal to humans. This list is not exhaustive and does not contain many fungi that, although not deadly, are still harmful. For a less-detailed list of fungi that include non-deadly poisonous species, see List of poisonous fungi. Fungi with significant risk of death if consumed Fungi where isolated deaths have been reported See also * List of poisonous fungus species * Mycotoxicology Footnotes {{Reflist, refs= {{Cite journal , last1 = Zhou , first1 = Z. Y. , last2 = Shi , first2 = G. Q. , last3 = Fontaine , first3 = R. , last4 = Wei , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Lepiota Species
The following is an incomplete list of species in the agaric genus ''Lepiota''. The genus has a widespread distribution, and contains about 400 species. Some species, such as ''L. aspera'', have now been separated off into the newer genus ''Echinoderma''. *'' Lepiota abruptibulba'' Murrill – Cuba *'' Lepiota acerina'' Peck – New York *'' Lepiota acicularis'' Velen. – Czech Republic *'' Lepiota adusta'' (E. Horak) E. Horak – New Zealand *'' Lepiota aeruginea'' Murrill – Florida *'' Lepiota affinis'' Velen. – *'' Lepiota alba'' Beeli – Congo *'' Lepiota albiceps'' Pat. & Gaillard – Venezuela *'' Lepiota albida'' Massee – Singapore *'' Lepiota albocitrina'' Pat. – Tonkin *'' Lepiota albofibrillosa'' Cleland – Australia *'' Lepiota albosericea'' Henn. – Germany *'' Lepiota albosquamosa'' Rick – Brazil *'' Lepiota allenae'' Peck – Massachusetts *'' Lepiota alliciens'' (Berk.) Sacc. – India *'' Lepiota alluviina'' (Peck) Morgan – New York *'' Lepi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deadly Fungi
Deadly may refer to: * Deadliness, the ability to cause death Arts and entertainment * ''Deadly'', a 2011 novel by Julie Chibbaro * ''Deadly'', a children's book series by Morris Gleitzman and Paul Jennings * Deadly (Australian TV series), ''Deadly'' (Australian TV series), an Australian children's television cartoon series * Deadly (film), ''Deadly'' (film), a 1991 Australian film * Deadly (franchise), ''Deadly'' (franchise), a British wildlife TV documentary series * Deadly Awards, also known as The Deadlys, awards for excellence given to Indigenous Australians for achievement in music, sport, entertainment and community * Karla (film), ''Karla'' (film), a 2006 American movie originally titled ''Deadly'' Other uses * Alan Dedicoat (born 1954), BBC announcer nicknamed "Deadly" *Australian Aboriginal English#Deadly, Deadly, a word in Aboriginal Australian English meaning excellent, similar to "wicked" or "awesome" in English slang See also * Lethal (other) *Deadly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi Of Asia
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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