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Law Enforcement In France
Law enforcement in France has a long history dating back to AD 570 when night watch systems were commonplace.Dammer, H. R. and Albanese, J. S. (2014). ''Comparative Criminal Justice Systems'' (5th ed.). Wadesworth Cengage learning: Belmont, CA. Policing is centralized at the national level. Recently, legislation has allowed local governments to hire their own police officers which are called the "'' police municipale''. There are two national police forces called "''Police nationale'' and "''Gendarmerie nationale''. The Prefecture of Police of Paris provides policing services directly to Paris as a subdivision of France's Ministry of the Interior. Within these national forces, only certain designated police officers have the power to conduct criminal investigations which are supervised by investigative magistrates. Organizations National agencies France has two national police forces: * The ''Police nationale'', formerly called the "''Sûreté''", is considered a civili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manifestation Taxis 10-01-2013 Strasbourg 04 - Police Nationale , the manifestation of a deity in an observable way
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Manifestation is the act of becoming manifest, to become perceptible to the senses. Manifestation may also refer to: * Manifestation of conscience, a practice in religious orders * Manifestation of God (Baháʼí Faith), the prophets of the Bahá'í Faith * Materialization (paranormal), also called manifestation, the creation or appearance of matter from unknown sources *Manifestation (popular psychology), various pseudoscientific self-help strategies * ''Manifestation'' (Malevolent Creation album), 2000 * ''Manifestation'' (Cloak of Altering album), 2015 * ''The Manifestation'', a 2004 album by Six Organs of Admittance See also * Epiphany (other) * Theophany Theophany (from Ancient Greek , meaning "appearance of a deity") is a personal encounter with a deity, that is an event where the manifestation of a deity occurs in an observable way. Specifically, it "refers to the temporal and spatial manifest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Directorate For Internal Security
The General Directorate for Internal Security (french: link=no, Direction générale de la Sécurité intérieure, DGSI) is a French security agency. It is charged with counter-espionage, counter-terrorism, countering cybercrime and surveillance of potentially threatening groups, organisations, and social phenomena. The agency was created in 2008 under the name Central Directorate of Interior Intelligence (french: link=no, Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur, DCRI), merging the ''direction centrale des Renseignements généraux'' (RG) and the ''direction de la surveillance du territoire'' (DST) of the French National Police. It acquired its current name in 2014, with a small structural shift: contrary to the DCRI which was part of the National Police, the DGSI reports directly to the Ministry of the Interior. The DGSI is headed by General Director Patrick Calvar. The agency is informally known as the "RG", a nickname formerly used for the ''Direction centrale des r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prefect (France)
A prefect (french: préfet, plural ''préfets'') in France is the state's representative in a department or region. Subprefects (French: ''sous-préfets'') are responsible for the subdivisions of departments, known as arrondissements. The office of a prefect is known as a prefecture and that of a subprefect as a subprefecture. Regional prefects are ''ex officio'' the departmental prefects of the regional prefecture. Prefects are tasked with upholding the law in the department they serve in, including controlling the actions of local authorities to ensure adhesion to national guidelines. They are authorised to sue local collectivities in the name of the state. Prefects are appointed by a decree of the President of France when presiding the Government's Council of Ministers, following a proposal by the Prime Minister and the Minister of the Interior. They serve at the Government's discretion and can be replaced at any meeting of the Council of Ministers. From 1982 to 1988, under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prison Administration In France
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol (dated, standard English, Australian, and historically in Canada), penitentiary (American English and Canadian English), detention center (or detention centre outside the US), correction center, correctional facility, lock-up, hoosegow or remand center, is a facility in which inmates (or prisoners) are confined against their will and usually denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the State (polity), state as punishment for various crimes. Prisons are most commonly used within a criminal justice system: people charged with crimes may be Remand (detention), imprisoned until their trial; those pleading or being found Guilt (law), guilty of crimes at trial may be Sentence (law), sentenced to a specified period of imprisonment. In simplest terms, a prison can also be described as a building in which people are legally held as a punishment for a crime they have committed. Prisons can also be used as a tool of political repression b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Agriculture (France)
The Ministry of Agriculture, Agrifood, and Forestry (french: Ministère de l'agriculture, de l'agroalimentaire et de la forêt) of France is the governmental body charged with regulation and policy for agriculture, food, and forestry. The Ministry's headquarters are in the Hôtel de Villeroy, at 78 Rue de Varenne in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, adjacent to Hotel Matignon. Prior to 21 June 2012, the Ministry's remit was somewhat different; its full title was Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Fisheries, Rural Affairs and Spatial Planning (french: Ministère de l'Agriculture, de l'Alimentation, de la Pêche, de la Ruralité et de l'Aménagement du territoire). The regional directorates for food, agriculture and forests (DRAAFs) oversee the implementation of policies for agriculture, food (particularly health safety), aquaculture and forests. Their missions cover the content and organisation of agricultural education. They contribute to employment policy in the fields of farming ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Ecology, Sustainable Development And Energy
The Ministry of Ecological Transition (French: ''Ministère de la Transition écologique''), commonly just referred to as Ministry of Ecology, is a department of the Government of France. It is responsible for preparing and implementing the government's policy in the fields of sustainable development, climate, energy transition and biodiversity. Barbara Pompili was appointed Minister of Ecological Transition on 6 July 2020 under Prime Minister Jean Castex. History On 8 January 1971, under President Georges Pompidou, the Ministry of the Environment (''Ministère de l'Environnement'') was created as a ministry subordinate to the Prime Minister of France. The first Minister of the Environment was Robert Poujade. From 1974 to 1977, the position was renamed Minister of Quality of Life; in 1978 it became Minister of the Environment and Way of Life. Sustainable development was added in 2002. The ministry's administration is headquartered in Tour Sequoia in La Grande Arche of La Défe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Office For Biodiversity
The French Office for Biodiversity (OFB; French: ''Office français de la biodiversité'') is an établissement public à caractère administratif within the Government of France. It is under the control of both the Ministry of the Ecological Transition and Ministry of Agriculture and Food. It conducts research and enforces government policies on wildlife and the environment. The OFB, located in Vincennes, was established on 1 January 2020 as the new entity succeeding the French Agency for Biodiversity (primarily in charge of national parks and other protected areas) and the National Office for Hunting and Wildlife. It has 2,800 agents (including 1,900 in territorial entities and in the overseas territories). Of these agents, 1,800 are environmental inspectors exercising the police powers of the OFB. History The OFB was founded in 2020 with the merging of the French Agency for Biodiversity and the National Hunting and Wildlife Office of France. The Agency for Biodiversity had bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Forests Office (France)
The National Forests Office (french: Office national des forêts), or ONF, is a Cabinet of France, Government of France agency that manages the state forests, city forests and biological reserves. ONF is based in Paris. The office is responsible for the sustainable management of France's approximately 10 million hectares of public forests. The ONF takes over their protection and carries out forestry policing tasks. Around 9,000 civil servants work at the ONF and its regional offices. ONF is under legislation of Ministère de l'Agriculture and Ministère de la Transition écologique et solidaire. History ONF was founded in 1964. Since 1980, almost a third of the ONF workforce has been cut. The agency had gone through a series of structural reforms in the 2000s. ''Le Monde'' reported in 2012 that 30 forest officials took their own lives between 2002 and 2012. An internal analysis reported demotivation at the workplace, a high level of stress and a serious risk of psychosocial diso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of The Economy, Finance And Industry (France)
The Ministry of Economics, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty (french: Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et de la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique, pronounced ), informally referred to as Bercy, is one of the most important ministries in the Government of France. Its minister is one of the most prominent cabinet members after the prime minister. The name of the ministry has changed over time; it has included the terms "economics", "industry", "finance" and "employment" through history. Responsibilities The Minister of Economics and Finance oversees:(FrenchInformationon the Vie Publique database * the drafting of laws on taxation by exercising direct authority over the Tax Policy Board (''Direction de la législation fiscale'') of the General Directorate of Public Finances (''Direction générale des Finances publiques''), formerly the Department of Revenue (''Direction générale des impôts''); * national funds and financial and economic system, especia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Directorate-General Of Customs And Indirect Taxes
The Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes (french: Direction générale des douanes et droits indirects, DGDDI), commonly known as ''les douanes'' (Customs), is the customs service of the French Republic. It is responsible for levying indirect taxes, preventing smuggling, surveilling borders and investigating counterfeit money. The agency acts as a coast guard, border guard, sea rescue organisation, and customs service. In addition, since 1995, the agency has replaced the Border Police units of the National Police in carrying out immigration control at smaller border checkpoints, in particular at maritime borders and regional airports. The Directorate-general is controlled by the Minister for the Budget, Public Accounts and the Civil Service (french: Ministère du Budget, des Comptes publics et de la Fonction publique) at the Ministry of the Economy, Industry and Employment. It is normally known simply as "''la douane''", individual officers being referred to as "''dou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
