|
Laccaria Amethysteo-occidentalis
Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis is a mushroom found under conifers, usually pine, growing alone, scattered or gregariously in western North America.Muller, 1984. Description The cap is 1–7 cm; broadly convex to plane, becoming nearly flat with age; often with a central depression. The surface is nearly bald, or fibrillose to scaly. Cap is hygrophanous, dark purple, purple, fading to brownish purple or buff. The gills are attached to the stem, sub-distant to distant, purple fading to dull lilac or grayish purple. The stem is 1.5–12 cm long and 0.5–1.5 cm thick, equal or slightly swollen at the base and strongly grooved, with striated, coarse hairy or scaly purplish to pale purple color. The flesh is thin purple to whitish. The mushroom is edible. Spores are 7.5–10.5 x 7–16 µm, subglobose or broadly elliptical. The spore print is white. Similar species This species is similar to '' L. amethystina'' but differs by occurring than hard wood forest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conifers
Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All extant conifers are perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The great majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include cedars, Douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauri, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews.Campbell, Reece, "Phylum Coniferophyta". Biology. 7th. 2005. Print. P. 595 As of 1998, the division Pinophyta was estimated to contain eight families, 68 genera, and 629 living species. Although the total number of species is relatively small, conifers are ecologically important. They are the dominant plants over large areas of land, most notably the taiga of the Northern Hemisphere, but also in similar cool climates in mountains further south. Boreal conifers have many wintertime adaptations. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edible Mushroom
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi which bear fruiting structures that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye). They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand. Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and culinary value. Mushrooms, especially dried shiitake, are sources of umami flavor. Edible mushrooms include many fungal species that are either harvested wild or cultivated. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in markets, and those that are more difficult to obtain (such as the prized truffle, matsutake, and morel) may be collected on a smaller scale by private gatherers. Some preparations may render certain poisonous mushrooms fit for consumption. Before assuming that any wild mushroom is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laccaria Amethystina
''Laccaria amethystina'', commonly known as the "amethyst deceiver", is a small brightly colored mushroom, that grows in deciduous and coniferous forests. The mushroom itself is edible, but can absorb arsenic from the soil. Because its bright amethyst coloration fades with age and weathering, it becomes difficult to identify, hence the common name "deceiver". This common name is shared with its close relation ''Laccaria laccata'' that also fades and weathers. It is found mainly in Northern temperate zones, though it is reported to occur in tropical Central and South America as well. Recently, some of the other species in the genus have been given the common name of "deceiver". Taxonomy This species was first described in 1778 by well-known English botanist and apothecary William Hudson as ''Agaricus amethystinus'', and later put into the genus ''Laccaria'' by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke. The amethyst deceiver has had many binomials over a great many years, but reference to the amet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laccaria Bicolor
''Laccaria bicolor'' is a small tan-colored mushroom with lilac gills. It is edible but not choice, and grows in mixed birch and pine woods. It is found in the temperate zones of the globe, in late summer and autumn. ''L. bicolor'' is an ectomycorrhizal fungus used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. Taxonomy It was initially described as a subspecies of ''Laccaria laccata'' by French mycologist René Maire in 1937, before being raised to species rank by P.D. Orton in 1960. Like others in its genus it has the common name of 'Deceiver', because of its propensity to fade and become hard to identify. Description The cap is across, convex to flat, and with a central navel. It is often incurved at the margin, and is various shades of ochraceous-buff, and tan, depending on moisture content. The fibrillose stipe is the same color, and with a distinct lilac down towards the base. The flesh is whitish, tinged with pink, or ochraceous, and has no apparent distinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laccaria Laccata
''Laccaria laccata'', commonly known as the deceiver, or waxy laccaria, is a white-spored species of small edible mushroom found throughout North America and Europe. It is a highly variable mushroom (hence 'deceiver'), and can look quite washed out, colorless and drab, but when younger it often assumes red, pinkish brown, and orange tones. The species is often considered by mushroom collectors to be a 'mushroom weed' because of its abundance and plain stature. Taxonomy The deceiver was first described by Tyrolian naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1772 as ''Agaricus laccatus'', before being given its current binomial name by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke in 1884. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective ''laccatus'' 'varnished' or 'shining'. ''Clitocybe laccata'' is an old alternative name. Var. ''pallidifolia'', described by Charles Horton Peck, is the most common variety found in North America. It is the type species of the cosmopolitan mushroom genus ''Laccaria'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycelium
Mycelium (plural mycelia) is a root-like structure of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. Fungal colonies composed of mycelium are found in and on soil and many other substrate (biology), substrates. A typical single spore germinates into a Monokaryon, monokaryotic mycelium, which cannot reproduce sexually; when two compatible monokaryotic mycelia join and form a dikaryotic mycelium, that mycelium may form sporocarp (fungi), fruiting bodies such as mushrooms. A mycelium may be minute, forming a colony that is too small to see, or may grow to span thousands of acres as in ''Armillaria''. Through the mycelium, a fungus absorbs nutrients from its environment. It does this in a two-stage process. First, the hyphae secrete enzymes onto or into the food source, which break down biopolymers, biological polymers into smaller units such as monomers. These monomers are then absorbed into the mycelium by facilitated diffusion and active transport. Mycelia are v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cortinarius Violaceus
''Cortinarius violaceus'', commonly known as the violet webcap or violet cort, is a fungus in the webcap genus ''Cortinarius'' native across the Northern Hemisphere. The fruit bodies are dark purple mushrooms with caps up to across, sporting gills underneath. The stalk measures by , sometimes with a thicker base. The dark flesh has a smell reminiscent of cedar wood. Forming symbiotic (ectomycorrhizal) relationships with the roots of various plant species, ''C. violaceus'' is found predominantly in conifer forests in North America and deciduous forests in Europe. Though they are sometimes described as edible, the appearance of these mushrooms is more distinctive than their taste. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, and has undergone several name changes. It is the type species of the genus ''Cortinarius'', but is readily distinguished from other species in the genus by its dark colouration and distinct cystidia. There are some populations that seem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycotaxon
''Mycotaxon'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers the nomenclature and taxonomy of fungi, including lichens. The journal was founded by Grégoire L. Hennebert and Richard P. Korf in 1974. They were frustrated that papers submitted to journals such as ''Mycologia'' took a year or longer from submission to publication. Korf and Hennebert introduced a number of innovations to make their journal more efficient and accessible than its contemporaries. ''Mycotaxon'' reduced the wait time between submission and publication by requiring authors to submit camera-ready copy. Linotype was the industry standard at the time; ''Mycotaxon'' used photo-offset lithography Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German a ... to expedite publication. A quarterly journal, ''Mycotaxon'' aime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edible Fungi
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi which bear fruiting structures that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye). They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand. Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and culinary value. Mushrooms, especially dried shiitake, are sources of umami flavor. Edible mushrooms include many fungal species that are either harvested wild or cultivated. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in markets, and those that are more difficult to obtain (such as the prized truffle, matsutake, and morel) may be collected on a smaller scale by private gatherers. Some preparations may render certain poisonous mushrooms fit for consumption. Before assuming that any wild mushroom is e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laccaria
''Laccaria'' is a genus around 75 species of fungus found in both temperate and tropical regions of the world. They are mycorrhizal. The type species is ''Laccaria laccata'', commonly known as the deceiver. Other notable species include '' L. bicolor'', and the amethyst deceiver ('' L. amethystina''), sometimes incorrectly written as ''L. amethystea''. Because some ''Laccaria'' species have the ability to grow vegetatively and/or germinate from basidiospores in culture, they are often used as experimental systems for studies of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes. They have a tetrapolar mating system, meaning that there the mating type is controlled by 2 loci. Recently, the genome of ''L. bicolor'' has been sequenced.Martin F, Selosse MA. (2008). The ''Laccaria'' genome: a symbiont blueprint decoded. ''New Phytologist'' 180(2):296-310. Description ''Laccaria'' typically have thick, widely spaced, purple to flesh-colored gills that are adnate to slightly decurrent in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
