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Kurdish Christians
Kurdish Christians; ku, کوردێن فلە, Kurdên File; ku, Kurdên Xaçparêz; also commonly used: ku, Kurdên Mesîhî. Mesîhî being a loan word from ar, مسيحي, Masīḥī. are Kurds who follow Christianity. Though the majority of Kurds due to the spread of Islam in the 7th century were converted, there still remained Kurds who had adopted Christianity. Modern times the majority of Kurdish Christians are evangelicals, evangelical Kurdish churches have been established and can be found in Erbil, Selimani, and Duhok in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, and in Hassakeh, Qamishli, Kobani, Amouda, and Afrin (until 2018) in the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria. History In the 10th century AD, the Kurdish prince Ibn ad-Dahhak, who possessed the fortress of al-Jafary, abandoned Islam for Orthodox Christianity. In return, the Byzantines gave him land and a fortress. In 927 AD, he and his family were executed during a raid by Thamal, the Arab governor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Languages
Kurdish (, ) is a language or a group of languages spoken by Kurds in the geo-cultural region of Kurdistan and the Kurdish diaspora. Kurdish constitutes a dialect continuum, belonging to Western Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family. The main three dialects or languages of Kurdish are Northern Kurdish (), Central Kurdish (), and Southern Kurdish (). A separate group of non-Kurdish Northwestern Iranian languages, the Zaza–Gorani languages, are also spoken by several million ethnic Kurds.Kaya, Mehmet. The Zaza Kurds of Turkey: A Middle Eastern Minority in a Globalised Society. The majority of the Kurds speak Kurmanji, and most Kurdish texts are written in Kurmanji and Sorani. Kurmanji is written in the Hawar alphabet, a derivation of the Latin script, and Sorani is written in the Sorani alphabet, a derivation of Arabic script. The classification of Laki as a dialect of Southern Kurdish or as a fourth language under Kurdish is a matter of debate, but the diff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Ad-Dahhak
Ibn al-Dahhak (died 927) was a Kurdish chieftain, who abandoned Islam, converted to Christianity and entered the service of the Byzantine emperor Romanos I Lekapenos (reigned 920–944). Romanos gave him rich gifts and sent him back to his base, the fortress of al-Ja'fari, located probably in the vicinity of Tarsus. In late autumn 927, however, he was attacked, defeated and killed by the Abbasid governor of Tarsus, Thamal al-Dulafi Thamal al-Dulafi ( ar, ثمل الدلفي, Thamal al-Dulafī; ) was an Abbasid military commander and longtime governor (''wali'' or ''amir'') of Tarsus and the borderlands with the Byzantine Empire in Cilicia (). A former Dulafid slave, he comman .... References Sources * {{Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit , volume = online 927 deaths Kurdish Christians 10th-century Kurdish people Converts to Christianity from Islam People of the Arab–Byzantine wars People killed in action ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonhard Rauwolff
Leonhard Rauwolf (also spelled Leonhart Rauwolff) (21 June 1535 – 15 September 1596) was a German physician, botanist, and traveller. His main notability arises from a trip he made through the Levant and Mesopotamia in 1573–75. The motive of the trip was to search for herbal medicine supplies. Shortly after he returned, he published a set of new botanical descriptions with an herbarium. Later he published a general travel narrative about his visit. Early years The young Rauwolff studied initially at University of Wittenberg and then studied botany and medicine at two universities in southern France, University of Montpellier and University of Valence. He was a pupil of Guillaume Rondelet in Montpellier in 1560. In 1564 he had the benefit of visiting the renowned botanist Carolus Clusius (who once had been a student of Rondelet too). In 1565 he set up a medical practice in his hometown, Augsburg, in Bavaria. In that year he married. Travel through Levant and Mesopotamia Rauwolf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosul
Mosul ( ar, الموصل, al-Mawṣil, ku, مووسڵ, translit=Mûsil, Turkish: ''Musul'', syr, ܡܘܨܠ, Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate. The city is considered the second largest city in Iraq in terms of population and area after the capital Baghdad, with a population of over 3.7 million. Mosul is approximately north of Baghdad on the Tigris river. The Mosul metropolitan area has grown from the old city on the western side to encompass substantial areas on both the "Left Bank" (east side) and the "Right Bank" (west side), as locals call the two riverbanks. Mosul encloses the ruins of the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh on its east side. Mosul and its surroundings have an ethnically and religiously diverse population; a large majority of its population are Arabs, with Assyrians, Turkmens, and Kurds, and other, smaller ethnic minorities comprising the rest of the city's population. Sunni Islam is the largest r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marco Polo
Marco Polo (, , ; 8 January 1324) was a Venetian merchant, explorer and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295. His travels are recorded in ''The Travels of Marco Polo'' (also known as ''Book of the Marvels of the World '' and ''Il Milione'', ), a book that described to Europeans the then mysterious culture and inner workings of the Eastern world, including the wealth and great size of the Mongol Empire and China in the Yuan Dynasty, giving their first comprehensive look into China, Persia, India, Japan and other Asian cities and countries. Born in Venice, Marco learned the mercantile trade from his father and his uncle, Niccolò and Maffeo, who travelled through Asia and met Kublai Khan. In 1269, they returned to Venice to meet Marco for the first time. The three of them embarked on an epic journey to Asia, exploring many places along the Silk Road until they reached Cathay (China). They were received by the royal court of Kublai Khan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivane Mkhargrdzeli
Ivane is a Georgia (country), Georgian masculine given name. It is a cognate of the name John (given name), John. Notable people with the name include: *Ivane Abazasdze (Georgian: იოანე აბაზასძე), 11th-century Georgian feudal lord, a duke of Kartli under King Bagrat IV of Georgia *Ivane Amilakhvari (1829–1905), Georgian nobleman and a military commander in the Imperial Russian service *Ivane Andronikashvili (Georgian: ივანე ანდრონიკაშვილი) (1798–1868), Georgian noble and general in the Imperial Russian service *Ivane Bagration of Mukhrani (Georgian: ივანე მუხრანბატონი) (1812–1895), Georgian noble and general in the Imperial Russian service *Ivane I, Duke of Kldekari (Georgian: ივანე) (died 1080), 11th-century Georgian general and duke of Kldekari, Argveti, and Orbeti-Samshvilde *Ivane Javakhishvili (Georgian: ივანე ჯავახიშვილი) (1876–194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zakaria II Mkhargrdzeli
Zakare Zakarian ( hy, Զաքարե Զաքարյան or Զաքարե Երկայնաբազուկ, ) or Zakaria II Mkhargrdzeli (, ), was an Armenian general of Queen Tamar of Georgia army during the late 12th and early 13th centuries. He was the ruler of feudal lands in the Kingdom of Georgia. Biography Zakaria along with his father Sargis supported the rebellion of Prince Demna and the Orbeli family in 1177, however they soon sided with George III and fought for the monarchy against the insurgents. The uprising was suppressed, and King George III elevated the Zakarid–Mkhargrdzeli family. Following the death of George III, Queen Tamar elevated Sargis Mkhargrdzeli — a well-born valorous man, well-trained in battle — to the office of ''Amirspasalar'' ( Lord High Constable) and granted him possessions over Lori (which was deprived of from Kubasar). She gave presents to his elder son, Zakaria, and his younger son, Ivane, and she made him a member of the Darbazi. During a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Georgia
The Kingdom of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს სამეფო, tr), also known as the Georgian Empire, was a medieval Eurasian monarchy that was founded in circa 1008 AD. It reached its Golden Age of political and economic strength during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar the Great from 11th to 13th centuries. Georgia became one of the pre-eminent nations of the Christian East and its pan-Caucasian empire and network of tributaries stretching from Eastern Europe to Anatolia and northern frontiers of Iran, while also maintaining religious possessions abroad, such as the Monastery of the Cross in Jerusalem and the Monastery of Iviron in Greece. It was the principal historical precursor of present-day Georgia. Lasting for several centuries, the kingdom fell to the Mongol invasions in the 13th century, but managed to re-assert sovereignty by the 1340s. The following decades were marked by the Black Death, as well as numerous invasions under the lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monastery
A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone (hermits). A monastery generally includes a place reserved for prayer which may be a chapel, church, or temple, and may also serve as an oratory, or in the case of communities anything from a single building housing only one senior and two or three junior monks or nuns, to vast complexes and estates housing tens or hundreds. A monastery complex typically comprises a number of buildings which include a church, dormitory, cloister, refectory, library, balneary and infirmary, and outlying granges. Depending on the location, the monastic order and the occupation of its inhabitants, the complex may also include a wide range of buildings that facilitate self-sufficiency and service to the community. These may include a hospice, a school, and a range of agricultural and manufacturing buildings such as a barn, a fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zakarids–Mkhargrdzeli
The Zakarids or Zakarians ( hy, Զաքարյաններ, Zak'aryanner), also known by their Georgian name as Mkhargrdzeli ( ka, მხარგრძელი), were a noble Armenian–Georgian dynasty. Their name in Georgian, Mkhargrdzeli, or in hy, Երկայնաբազուկ, (''Yerkaynbazuk'') meant long-armed. A family legend says that this name was a reference to their Achaemenid ancestor Artaxerxes II the "Longarmed" (404–358 BC). According to Cyril Toumanoff / ''Encyclopædia Iranica'', they were an offshoot of the Armenian Pahlavuni family. The Zakarians considered themselves Armenians. History The dynasty was of Armenians or KurdishVardan Arewelts'i's, Compilation of History ''In these time there lived the glorious princes Zak'are' and Iwane', sons of Sargis, son of Vahram, son of Zak'are', son of Sargis of Kurdish nationality (i K'urd azge')'p. 82/ref> origins. The first historically traceable Zakarid was Khosrov. When the David IV of Georgia liberated Lori from the Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shayzar
Shaizar or Shayzar ( ar, شيزر; in modern Arabic Saijar; Hellenistic name: Larissa in Syria, Λάρισα εν Συρία in Greek) is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located northwest of Hama. Nearby localities include, Mahardah, Tremseh, Kafr Hud, Khunayzir and Halfaya. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Shaizar had a population of 5,953 in the 2004 census.General Census of Population and Housing 2004 . Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Hama Governorate. During the Crusade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
