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Kula Geopark
Kula-Salihli Geopark, also known as Kula Volcanic Geopark and Kula Geopark, ( tr, Kula Volkanik Jeoparkı or ''Kula Jeoparkı'') is a geopark, a protected area of geological heritage, located in Kula, Manisa, Kula and Salihli districts of Manisa Province, western Turkey. It was recognized by UNESCO as a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2013, and is the country's only geopark. Location The volcanic park is located in Manisa Province in western Turkey, covering an area of nearly mainly in Kula district, and stretches in the north into parts of Salihli district. The elevation of the area rises from in Salihli to in Kula. History The volcanic field was first described by the Ancient Greek geographer Strabo (64 or 63 BC – c. 24 AD) in the encyclopedia ''Geographica'', calling it Katakekaumene. The name means "burnt land" or "burnt country", and refers to the pitch-black color of the lava in the dormant volcanic field Kula (volcano), Kula. The volcanic field attracted many travelers and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salihli
Salihli is a large town and district of Manisa Province in the Aegean region of Turkey. Geography The city of Salihli, the seat of the district, is located on İzmir-Ankara (E 96) highway and the parallel railway connections. The urban zone is situated on the slopes of Bozdağ mountain chain along the southern alluvial plains of the Gediz River. To the north and northeast of the plain extend two other mountain ranges, respectively those of the mounts Dibek (highest altitude 1120 m) and Üşümüş (highest altitude 1085 m). The town lies at an altitude of 125 meters from the sea level. Its advantageous location, smooth and busy intercity connections and the fertile soil allowed Salihli to develop extremely well in the recent past. Four streams, namely Alaşehir, Gümüş, Kurşunlu and Sart cross the district area to join the River Gediz, which flows westward. The climate type is Mediterranean climate. To the north of the city is Demirköprü Dam, used for irrigation, preventi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Philippson
Alfred Philippson (1 January 1864 – 28 March 1953) was a German geologist and geographer. He was born at Bonn, son of Ludwig Philippson. He received his education at the gymnasium and university of his native town and at the University of Leipzig (Ph.D. 1886). In 1892 he became '' Privatdozent'' at Bonn, was appointed assistant professor seven years later, and in 1904 he was called to Bern as professor of geography. Having made voyages through Italy ( Apulia region), Greece, Turkey, and Asia Minor, he published: ''Studien über Wasserscheiden,'' Berlin, 1886; ''Der Peloponnes,'' ib. 1892; ''Europa'' (with Neumann), Leipzig, 1894; ''Thessalien und Epirus,'' Berlin, 1897; ''Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Griechischen Inselwelt,'' Gotha, 1901; ''Das Mittelmeergebiet,'' Leipzig, 1904. He also published essays in the technical journals, such as ''Das fernste Italien. Geographische Reiseskizzen und Studien'', Leipzig, 1925, and ''Apulien'', Netherlands, 1937. Since 1887 Philippson undert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viscosity
The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate. For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of "thickness": for example, syrup has a higher viscosity than water. Viscosity quantifies the internal frictional force between adjacent layers of fluid that are in relative motion. For instance, when a viscous fluid is forced through a tube, it flows more quickly near the tube's axis than near its walls. Experiments show that some stress (such as a pressure difference between the two ends of the tube) is needed to sustain the flow. This is because a force is required to overcome the friction between the layers of the fluid which are in relative motion. For a tube with a constant rate of flow, the strength of the compensating force is proportional to the fluid's viscosity. In general, viscosity depends on a fluid's state, such as its temperature, pressure, and rate of deformation. However, the dependence on some of these properties is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lava Flow
Lava is molten or partially molten rock (magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a moon onto its surface. Lava may be erupted at a volcano or through a fracture in the crust, on land or underwater, usually at temperatures from . The volcanic rock resulting from subsequent cooling is also often called ''lava''. A lava flow is an outpouring of lava during an effusive eruption. (An explosive eruption, by contrast, produces a mixture of volcanic ash and other fragments called tephra, not lava flows.) The viscosity of most lava is about that of ketchup, roughly 10,000 to 100,000 times that of water. Even so, lava can flow great distances before cooling causes it to solidify, because lava exposed to air quickly develops a solid crust that insulates the remaining liquid lava, helping to keep it hot and inviscid enough to continue flowing. The word ''lava'' comes from Italian and is probably derived from the Latin word ''labes'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
