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Krylenko
Nikolai Vasilyevich Krylenko ( rus, Никола́й Васи́льевич Крыле́нко, p=krɨˈlʲenkə; May 2, 1885 – July 29, 1938) was an Old Bolshevik and Soviet Union, Soviet politician. Krylenko served in a variety of posts in the Soviet law, Soviet legal system, rising to become Ministry of Justice (Soviet Union), People's Commissar for Justice and Prosecutor General of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic. He was executed during the Great Purge. Krylenko was an exponent of socialist legality and the theory that political considerations, rather than criminal guilt or innocence, should guide the application of punishment. Although participating in the Moscow Trials, Show Trials and political repression of the late 1920s and early 1930s, Krylenko was later caught up as a victim and arrested during the Great Purge of the late 1930s. Following interrogation and torture by the NKVD, Krylenko confessed to extensive involvement in wrecking (Soviet crime) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Justice (Soviet Union)
The Ministry of Justice of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) (russian: Министерство юстиции СССР, ''Ministerstvo Yustitsii SSSR''), formed on 15 March 1946, was one of the most important government offices in the Soviet Union. It was formerly (until 1946) known as the People's Commissariat of Justice of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, People's Commissariat for Justice (russian: Народный комиссариат юстиции, ''Narodniy Komissariat Yustitsi'i'') abbreviated as Наркомюст (''Narkomiust''). The Ministry, at the All-Union (USSR-wide) level, was established on 6 July 1923, after the signing of the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, and was in turn based upon the People's Commissariat for Justice of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) formed in 1917. The Ministry was led by the Minister of Justice, prior to 1946 a Commissar, who was nominated by the Premier of the Soviet Union, Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrey Vyshinsky
Andrey Yanuaryevich Vyshinsky (russian: Андре́й Януа́рьевич Выши́нский; pl, Andrzej Wyszyński) ( – 22 November 1954) was a Soviet politician, jurist and diplomat. He is known as a state prosecutor of Joseph Stalin's Moscow Trials and in the Nuremberg trials. He was the Soviet Foreign Minister from 1949 to 1953, after having served as Deputy Foreign Minister under Vyacheslav Molotov since 1940. He also headed the Institute of State and Law in the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. Biography Early life Vyshinsky was born in Odessa into a Polish Catholic family which later moved to Baku. Early biographies portray his father, Yanuary Vyshinsky (Januarius Wyszyński), as a "well-prospering" "experienced inspector" (Russian: Ревизор); while later, undocumented, Stalin-era biographies such as that in the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' make him a pharmaceutical chemist. A talented student, Andrei Vyshinsky married Kara Mikhailova ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elena Rozmirovich
Elena Fedorovna Rozmirovich-Troyanovskaya (russian: Елена Федоровна Розмирович, 10 March 1886 – 30 August 1953) was a Russian revolutionary and politician and later an official in the Soviet Union. In 1917 she was one of the ten women elected to the Constituent Assembly, the country's first female parliamentarians. Biography Rozmirovich was born in Petropavlivka in 1886, the daughter of Theodore Maish, an immigrant from Luxembourg and Mariia Krusser from Moldavia. Mariia had previously been married to Theodore's brother Gottleib, but had married Theodore after Gottleib's death.Barbara Evans Clements (1997''Bolshevik Women''p26–27, 114 One of Rozmirovich's half-sisters, Yevgenia, later became a prominent Soviet politician. After graduating from high school, she continued her education abroad, graduating from the law faculty of the University of Paris. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Rychkov
Nikolay Mikhailovich Rychkov (2 December 1897 – 28 March 1959) was a Soviet statesman and lawyer. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union of the 2nd Convocation. Biography *1909–1917 – Apprentice turner, metal turner at the Ural Nadezhdinsky Plant; *1917–1918 – Secretary of the Nadezhdinsky Executive Committee of the Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, Commissar of Local Economy; *1918 – Delegate to the 7th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), joined the "Left Communists"; *1918–1920 – in the bodies of the All–Russian Extraordinary Commission in the Urals; *1921–1922 – Deputy Chairman of the Military Tribunal of the 5th Army, Irkutsk; *1922–1927 – Prosecutor of the Siberian Military District; *1927–1931 – Deputy Prosecutor of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army; *1931–1937 – Member of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union, divisional military lawyer; *1937–1938 – Prosecutor of the Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sychyovsky District
Sychyovsky District (russian: Сычёвский райо́н) is an administrativeResolution #261 and municipalLaw #106-z district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Sychyovka. Population: 14,158 ( 2010 Census); The population of Sychyovka accounts for 57.3% of the district's total population. Geography The western part of Sychyovsky District is a highland where sources of several rivers are located, including one of the Dnieper in the western tip of the district. Northwestern tip of the district belongs to the Western Dvina (Daugava) basin, while the rest (mostly Sychyovka lowland) drains into the Volga via the Vazuza River; some territories were flooded when a reservoir was built. Thus, the Mediterranean–Atlantic–Caspian tripoint of the European Watershed lies there. In other words, Sychyovsky District is the eastern terminus of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Janson
Nikolay Mikhailovich Janson (24 November 1882 – 20 June 1938) was an Estonian revolutionary, Soviet politician and statesman. Janson was born in Saint Petersburg. He was Prosecutor General of the Russian SFSR (named on 16 January 1928) and People's Commissar for Water Transport (named on 30 January 1931). On 13 March 1934 he was demoted to the post of Deputy People's Commissar for the offshore part. In July 1935 he lost that position, too, and in October 1935 he was named Deputy Chief of the Northern Sea Route. He was arrested on December 6, 1937, and accused of anti-Soviet espionage and sabotage. He was sentenced to death on 20 June 1938 and shot in Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ... on the same day. References 1882 births 1938 deaths Lawyers fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Prosecutor Generals Of Russia
This is a list of Prosecutors General of Russia. Prosecutors General of the Russian Empire * Count Pavel Yaguzhinsky (12 January 1722 – 6 April 1736) * Prince Nikita Trubetskoy (28 April 1740 – 15 August 1760) * Prince Yakov Shakhovsky (15 August 1760 – 25 December 1761) * Aleksandr Glebov (25 December 1761 – 3 February 1764) * Prince Alexander Vyazemsky (3 February 1764 – 17 September 1792) * Count Alexander Samoylov (17 September 1792 – 4 December 1796) * Prince Alexei Kurakin (4 December 1796 – 8 August 1798) * Prince Pyotr Lopukhin (8 August 1798 — 7 July 1799) * (7 July 1799 – 2 February 1800) * Pyotr Obolyaninov (2 February 1800 — 16 March 1801) * Alexander Bekleshov (16 March 1801 – 8 September 1802) Prosecutors General and Ministers of Justice Prosecutors General of Provisional Government Prosecutors General of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics * Pyotr Krasikov (15 March 1924 – 20 June 1933) * I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Law
The Law of the Soviet Union was the law as it developed in the Soviet Union (USSR) following the October Revolution of 1917. Modified versions of the Soviet legal system operated in many Communist states following the Second World War—including Mongolia, the People's Republic of China, the Warsaw Pact countries of eastern Europe, Cuba and Vietnam. Soviet concept of law Soviet law was rooted in pre-revolutionary Russian law and Marxism-Leninism. Pre-revolutionary influences included Byzantine law, Mongol law, Russian Orthodox Canon law, and Western law. Western law was mostly absent until the judicial reform of Alexander II in 1864, five decades before the revolution. Despite this, the supremacy of law and equality before the law were not well-known concepts, the tsar was still not bound by the law, and the "police had unlimited authority." Marxism-Leninism viewed law as a superstructure in the base and superstructure model of society. "Capitalist" law was a tool of "bourgeois ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Socialistíčeskaya Respúblika, rɐˈsʲijskəjə sɐˈvʲetskəjə fʲɪdʲɪrɐˈtʲivnəjə sətsɨəlʲɪˈsʲtʲitɕɪskəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə, Ru-Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика.ogg), previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic as well as being unofficially known as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. the Russian Federation or simply Russia, was an independent federal socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous of the Soviet socialist republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Purge
The Great Purge or the Great Terror (russian: Большой террор), also known as the Year of '37 (russian: 37-й год, translit=Tridtsat sedmoi god, label=none) and the Yezhovshchina ('period of Nikolay Yezhov, Yezhov'), was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin's campaign to solidify his power over the party and the state; the Purge, purges were also designed to remove the remaining influence of Leon Trotsky as well as other prominent political rivals within the party. It occurred from August 1936 to March 1938. Following the Death and state funeral of Vladimir Lenin, death of Vladimir Lenin in 1924 a power vacuum opened in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Communist Party. Various established figures in Lenin's government attempted to succeed him. Joseph Stalin, the party's General Secretary, outmaneuvered political opponents and ultimately gained control of the Communist Party by 1928. Initially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Legality
Socialist law or Soviet law denotes a general type of legal system which has been (and continues to be) used in socialist and formerly socialist states. It is based on the civil law system, with major modifications and additions from Marxist-Leninist ideology. There is controversy as to whether socialist law ever constituted a separate legal system or not. If so, prior to the end of the Cold War, ''socialist law'' would be ranked among the major legal systems of the world. While civil law systems have traditionally put great pains in defining the notion of private property, how it may be acquired, transferred, or lost, socialist law systems provide for most property to be owned by the Government or by agricultural co-operatives, and having special courts and laws for state enterprises. Many scholars argue that socialist law was not a separate legal classification. Although the command economy approach of the communist states meant that most types of property could not be ow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Trials
The Moscow trials were a series of show trials held by the Soviet Union between 1936 and 1938 at the instigation of Joseph Stalin. They were nominally directed against "Trotskyists" and members of "Right Opposition" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. At the time the three Moscow trials were given extravagant titles: # the "Case of the Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Center" (or Zinoviev-Kamenev Trial, also known as the 'Trial of the Sixteen', August 1936); # the "Case of the Anti-Soviet Trotskyist Center" (or Pyatakov-Radek Trial, also known as the 'Trial of the Seventeen', January 1937); and # the "Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites"" (or the Bukharin- Rykov Trial, also known as the 'Trial of the Twenty-One', March 1938). The defendants were Old Bolshevik Party leaders and top officials of the Soviet secret police. Most were charged under Article 58 of the RSFSR Penal Code with conspiring with Imperialist powers to assassinate Stalin and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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