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Kristiania Bohemians
The Kristiania Bohemians ( no, Kristiania-bohemen) were a political and cultural movement in the 1880s centered in Kristiania (now Oslo). Hans Jæger was the central figure in the movement, and other prominent members included Christian Krohg, Oda Krohg, Jon Flatabø, Haakon Nyhuus, and Nils Johan Schjander. The Kristiania Bohemians were naturalist artists and belonged to the period of Naturalism, but the clear emphasis that they placed on feelings also points towards the next literary period, Neo-Romanticism. The movement consisted of about twenty men and a few women, and others loosely associated with the movement, such as Arne Garborg. The Kristiania Bohemians are also known for their Nine Bohemian Commandments, which had its origins in an article published in ''Impressionisten'' no. 8 in February 1889 and is often attributed to Hans Jæger. However, in the biographical novel ''Jæger – en rekonstruksjon'' (Jæger: A Reconstruction), Ketil Bjørnstad Ketil Bjørnsta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Jæger
Hans Henrik Jæger (2 September 1854, Drammen, Norway – 8 February 1910, Oslo) was a Norwegian writer, philosopher and anarchist political activist who was part of the Oslo (then Kristiania)-based bohemian group known as the Kristiania Bohemians. In 1886 he was prosecuted for his book ''Fra Kristiania-bohêmen'', then convicted and sentenced to 60 days' imprisonment and a fine of for infringement of modesty and public morals, and for blasphemy. He also lost his position as a stenographer at the Parliament of Norway. Jæger was defended in court by barrister Ludvig Meyer. He and other bohemians tried to live by the nine commandments he had formulated in ''Fra Kristiania-bohêmen''. The following year he was forced to flee Norway. He had been sentenced to 150 more days in prison after the Norwegian government learned that he had sent 300 copies of ''Fra Kristiania-bohêmen'' to Sweden under the pretense that it was a volume of Christmas stories. He was a friend of Edvard Mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kristiania
Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of in 2019, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of in 2021. During the Viking Age the area was part of Viken. Oslo was founded as a city at the end of the Viking Age in 1040 under the name Ánslo, and established as a ''kaupstad'' or trading place in 1048 by Harald Hardrada. The city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was built closer to Akershus Fortress and named Christiania in honour of the king. It became a municipality ('' formannskapsdistrikt'') on 1 January 1838. The city fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Krohg
Christian Krohg (13 August 1852 – 16 October 1925) was a Norwegian naturalist painter, illustrator, author and journalist. Krohg was inspired by the realism art movement and often chose motifs from everyday life. He was the director and served as the first professor at the Norwegian Academy of Arts from 1909 to 1925. Biography Christian Krohg was born at Vestre Aker (now Oslo), Norway. He was one of five children born to Georg Anton Krohg (1817–1873) and Sophie Amalia Holst (1822–1861). He was a grandson of Christian Krohg (1777–1828) who had served as a government minister. His father was a civil servant, journalist and author. His mother died when he was only 8 years old, and his father's sister took over responsibility for the household and the upbringing of the children. From 1861, he attended Hartvig Nissen School. His father had asked him to pursue a legal career. Krohg studied law at the University of Oslo (then Christiania) graduating cand.jur. in 1873, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oda Krohg
Oda Krohg (born Othilia Pauline Christine Lasson; 11 June 1860 – 19 October 1935) was a Norwegian painter, and the wife of her teacher and colleague Christian Krohg. Biography She was the second daughter of public attorney Christian Lasson and Alexandra Cathrine Henriette von Munthe af Morgenstierne. Her maternal grandmother Anastasia Sergeyevna Saltykova was a member of the Russian princely Saltykov that belonged to the high nobility; other members of this family were Field Marshal Prince Nikolai Saltykov and Catherine the Great's lover Sergei Saltykov. She grew up in a liberal-conservative household, along with eight sisters and two brothers. Her brother Per Lasson became a noted composer and her sister Caroline "Bokken" Lasson a singer and writer. In 1881 she married the businessman Jørgen Engelhardt (1852–1921), with whom she had two children. She split from Engelhardt in 1883, and divorced him in 1888. In 1885 she became a student of Erik Werenskiold and C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jon Flatabø
Jon Flatabø (April 7, 1846 – February 10, 1930) was a Norwegian writer of popular literature at the beginning of the 20th century. Flatabø was born in Vikør (now Kvam) in the Hardanger district, and was educated as a teacher. Later he worked as a sexton, newspaper editor, writer, and man of letters, among other activities. Flatabø was a typical representative of popular literature in the early 20th century. After working in Hardanger, Odal, Elverum, Jarlsberg, and elsewhere, he relocated to Kristiania (now Oslo) in the 1880s, where he worked as a newspaper editor and popular writer. He was part of the movement known as the Kristiania Bohemians. His depictions of the lives and concerns of ordinary farmers—in works such as ''Brudefærden i Hardanger'' (The Bridal Procession in Hardanger), ''Petra, perlen fra Smaalenene'' (Petra, the Pearl of Østfold), ''Husmannsdatteren fra Odalen'' (The Farmer's Daughter from Odal), ''Fattiges gjenvordigheter'' (Needy Adversity), and ''H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haakon Nyhuus
Haakon Nyhuus (28 November 1866 – December 1913) was a Norwegian librarian and encyclopedist. Haakon Nyhuus was born in Trysil in Hedmark, Norway as the son of Ole Olsen Nyhuus (1827–1874) who was mayor of Trysil and a Member of Parliament from Hedmark. Both of his parents died early. Nyhuus spent much of his childhood living with an uncle in Sweden. He returned Christiania (now Oslo) in 1885 to become a student at the Otto Anderssens skole. He traveled to Chicago in 1890. Haakon Nyhuus worked at Newberry Library under William Frederick Poole, chief of the catalog department at the Chicago Public Library. He returned to Norway in 1897. From 1898, he headed Deichman library, the main branch of the Oslo Public Library in Oslo. He was chief editor of the six-volume encyclopedia ''Aschehougs Illustreret norsk Konversationsleksikon'', published from 1906 to 1913. He also introduced Dewey Decimal Classification The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), colloquially know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nils Johan Schjander
Nils Johan Schjander (1859–1903) was a Norwegian engineer and a member of the movement known as the Kristiania Bohemians. He is known for having taken part in a journey to Patagonia Patagonia () refers to a geographical region that encompasses the southern end of South America, governed by Argentina and Chile. The region comprises the southern section of the Andes Mountains with lakes, fjords, temperate rainforests, and gl ... and writing a diary, published as ''En reise til Patagonia'' (A Journey to Patagonia). For the Kristiania Bohemians, Patagonia was a promised land where several dreamed of creating a free state. Schjander was involved in surveying and mapping Patagonia on behalf of the Argentine Southern Land Company between 1889 and 1891. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Schjander, Nils Johan 1859 births 1903 deaths Norwegian engineers Norwegian expatriates in Argentina Surveyors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naturalism (literature)
Naturalism is a List of literary movements, literary movement beginning in the late nineteenth century, similar to literary realism in its rejection of Romanticism, but distinct in its embrace of determinism, detachment, Objectivity (science), scientific objectivism, and social commentary. Literary naturalism emphasizes observation and the scientific method in the fictional portrayal of reality. Naturalism includes detachment, in which the author maintains an impersonal tone and disinterested point of view; determinism, which is defined as the opposite of free will, in which a character's fate has been decided, even predeterminism, predetermined, by impersonal forces of nature beyond human control; and a sense that the universe itself is indifferent to human life. The novel would be an experiment where the author could discover and analyze the forces, or scientific laws, that influenced behavior, and these included emotion, heredity, and environment. The movement largely traces to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arne Garborg
Arne Garborg (born Aadne Eivindsson Garborg) (25 January 1851 – 14 January 1924) was a Norwegian writer. Garborg championed the use of Landsmål (now known as Nynorsk, or New Norwegian), as a literary language; he translated the Odyssey into it. He founded the weekly '' Fedraheimen'' in 1877, in which he urged reforms in many spheres including political, social, religious, agrarian, and linguistic. He was married to Hulda Garborg. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature six times. Life and career Garborg grew up on a farm named Garborg, near Undheim, in Time municipality at Jæren in Rogaland county. He grew up together with eight siblings. Although he was to become known as an author, it was as a newspaperman that he got his start. In 1872 he established the newspaper ''Tvedestrandsposten'', and in 1877 the '' Fedraheimen'', which he served as managing editor until 1892. In the 1880s he was also a journalist for the ''Dagbladet''. In 1894 he laid the ground, tog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohemian Commandments
The Bohemian Commandments ( no, Bohêmbud) or Nine Bohemian Commandments ( no, Bohêmens ni bud) is a frequently cited text from the Kristiania Bohemian movement in Oslo: # Thou shalt write thine own life. # Thou shalt sever thy family roots. #'' (''Thou can not treat thy parents badly enough.) # Thou shalt never smite thy neighbor for less than five crowns. # Thou shalt hate and despise all farmers, such as Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson. # Thou shalt never wear celluloid cuffs. # Neglect not to make a scandal in the Christiania Theater. # Thou shalt never repent. # Thou shalt take thine own life. The commandments come from an article published in ''Impressionisten'' no. 8 in February 1889, which is often attributed to Hans Jæger. However, in the biographical novel ''Jæger – en rekonstruksjon'' (Jæger: A Reconstruction), Ketil Bjørnstad Ketil Bjørnstad (born 25 April 1952) is a pianist, composer and author. Initially trained as a classical pianist, Bjørnstad discovered jaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ketil Bjørnstad
Ketil Bjørnstad (born 25 April 1952) is a pianist, composer and author. Initially trained as a classical pianist, Bjørnstad discovered jazz at an early age and has embraced the emergence of "European jazz". Store Norske Leksikon (in Norwegian) Aschehoug.no (in Norwegian) Rockipedia.no (in Norwegian) He is an artist on the ECM record label, but has also published some twenty books, including novels, poetry, and essay collections. He has collaborated with other ECM artists, including cellists Svante Henryson and David Darling, drummer Jon Christensen, and guitarist Terje Rypdal. Guardian.co.uk Biography Ketil Bjørnstad was born in Oslo. He trained as a classical pianist and studied with Amalie Christie and Robert Riefling, and also in London and Paris. He showed great talent at a young age, and won the title of "Youth Piano Master" in 1966 and 1968. When he was 16, he made his debut as a concert pianist with Béla Bartók's third piano concerto. Bjørnstad subsequentl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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