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Kris Perry
''Hollingsworth v. Perry'' was a series of United States federal court cases that re-legalized same-sex marriage in the state of California. The case began in 2009 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, which found that banning same-sex marriage violates equal protection under the law. This decision overturned ballot initiative Proposition 8, which had banned same-sex marriage. After the State of California refused to defend Proposition 8, the official sponsors of Proposition 8 intervened and appealed to the Supreme Court. The case was litigated during the governorships of both Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown, and was thus known as ''Perry v. Schwarzenegger'' and ''Perry v. Brown'', respectively. As ''Hollingsworth v. Perry'', it eventually reached the United States Supreme Court, which held that, in line with prior precedent, the official sponsors of a ballot initiative measure did not have Article III standing to appeal an adverse federal cour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dennis Hollingsworth
Dennis Clark Hollingsworth (born January 12, 1967, in Hemet, California) is an American politician who represented California's 36th State Senate district, which includes portions of San Diego and Riverside County, from 2002 to 2010. In 2000, Hollingsworth was elected to the Legislature as a member of the Assembly, and in 2002, Hollingsworth was elected to the Senate. Hollingsworth served as the California State Senate Minority Leader from 2008 until he termed out of the Senate in 2010. Hollingsworth's political focus included advancing conservative principles and transparency. Hollingsworth is affiliated with the conservative group ProtectMarriage.com and has been instrumental in their legal battle to uphold the ban on same-sex marriage in California. As such, he is the named appellant in '' Hollingsworth v. Perry''. Background Hollingsworth attended the California Polytechnic State University and Cornell University where he studied Dairy Science, Agricultural Management and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaughn Walker
Vaughn Richard Walker (born 1944) is an American lawyer who served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California from 1989 to 2011. Walker presided over the original trial in '' Hollingsworth v. Perry'', where he found California's Proposition 8 to be unconstitutional. Education and career Walker was born in Watseka, Illinois, in 1944. He graduated from the University of Michigan with an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1966 and Stanford Law School with a Juris Doctor in 1970. From 1966 to 1967, he was a Woodrow Wilson Fellow in economics at the University of California, Berkeley. After clerking for United States District Court for the Central District of California Judge Robert J. Kelleher (1971–72), he practiced in San Francisco at Pillsbury, Madison & Sutro. Federal judicial service Walker was originally nominated to the bench by President Ronald Reagan in 1987. However, this nomination stalled in the Senate J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Foundation For Equal Rights
The American Foundation for Equal Rights (AFER) was a nonprofit organization active in the United States from 2009 through 2015. The organization was established to support the plaintiffs in '' Hollingsworth v. Perry'' (formerly ''Perry v. Brown'' or ''Perry v. Schwarzenegger''), a federal lawsuit challenging California's Proposition 8 under the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. AFER retained former United States Solicitor General Theodore B. Olson and David Boies (who worked on opposite sides in ''Bush v. Gore'') to lead the legal team representing the plaintiffs challenging Proposition 8. History AFER was launched in spring 2009 as the sole sponsor of ''Perry v. Schwarzenegger'', the federal constitutional challenge to California's Proposition 8. The organization was co-founded by political consultants Chad Griffin and Kristina Schake. The organization shut down in 2015. Leadership AFER was governed by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
