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Kote Abkhazi
Prince Konstantine (Kote) Abkhazi ( ka, კონსტანტინე (კოტე) აფხაზი) (November 17, 1867—May 20, 1923), was a Georgian military officer, politician and public figure. During the Imperial Russian rule, he was a General-major of Artillery in the tsar's army (1916) and in the national army of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918), and a recognized leader of the liberal nobility of Georgia. After the Soviet Occupation of Georgia, he emerged as one of the leaders of an underground anti-Soviet, national-liberation movement. One of the founders of the Tbilisi State University in 1918 and Chairman of the Georgian National-Democratic Party in 1921-1923. In 1923, he was arrested and executed by the Soviet security police (so-called " Cheka"). Early life and career Konstantine (Kote) Abkhazi was born in the village of Kardenakhi, Kakheti (Eastern Georgia), to a wealthy aristocratic family,The Princes Abkhazi descended from the Shervashidze dynast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kardenakhi
Kardenakhi (), also referred to as Kardenakh, is a village in Georgia, in Gurjaani Municipality in Kakheti region. It is located 510 meters above sea level on the northeastern slope of the Tsiv-Gombori Range, on the Bakurtsikhe- Tsnori highway, 14 kilometers from Gurjaani. According to the 2014 census, 3873 people live in the village. History Vachnadze is a common surname in the village. In the 17th century, a branch of the Sharvashidzes who migrated from Abkhazia settled in the village, who later took the surname Abkhaz. Kardanakh is also referred to as Kardenakh in historical sources. Many branches of agriculture are developed in the village, including agriculture, animal husbandry and viticulture. According to popular tradition, the name of the village Kardanakhi is related to "good vineyard". According to Vakhushti Bagration, "Kardanakh has vineyards in the east and the wine here is good." The village belongs to Kiziq according to Istro. The army there had to stand under th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Shervashidze
The House of Sharvashidze or Chachba or Shervashidze ( ka, შარვაშიძე-შერვაშიძე-ჩაჩბა) was a Georgian- Abkhazian ruling family of Principality of Abkhazia. The family was later recognized as one of the princely families of the Russian Empire at the request of King Heraclius II of Georgia in accordance with the list of Georgian noblemen presented in the Treaty of Georgievsk. Although the surname is given in a standard Georgian form (particularly, the typical –''dze'' suffix meaning "a son"), in the 12th century the family is said to have derived its original name from Shirvanshahs, a dynasty of Shirvan. According to the medieval ''The Georgian Chronicles'', the Shirvanese princes were granted the possessions in the province of Abkhazia after David IV, one of Georgia's greatest kings, extended his kingdom to Shirvan in 1124 . Anchabadze disputes this genealogy and argues that Sharvashidze was a local dynasty (they had another purely Abk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army Invasion Of Georgia
The Red Army invasion of Georgia (15 February17 March 1921), also known as the Soviet–Georgian War or the Soviet invasion of Georgia,Debo, R. (1992). ''Survival and Consolidation: The Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia, 1918-1921'', pp. 182, 361–364. McGill-Queen's Press. was a military campaign by the Russian Red Army aimed at overthrowing the Social-Democratic (Menshevik) government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG) and installing a Bolshevik regime in the country. The conflict was a result of expansionist policy by the Russians, who aimed to control as much as possible of the lands which had been part of the former Russian EmpireKort, M (2001), ''The Soviet Colossus'', p. 154. M.E. Sharpe, until the turbulent events of the First World War, as well as the revolutionary efforts of mostly Russian-based Georgian Bolsheviks, who did not have sufficient support in their native country to seize power without external intervention. The independence of Georgia had been re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Council Of Georgia
The National Council of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს ეროვნული საბჭო, ''sakartvelos erovnuli sabcho'') was the first delegated legislative body formed by Georgia's major political parties and social organizations on November 19, 1917, during the Russian Revolution. The Council presided over the declaration of independence of the Democratic Republic of Georgia on May 26, 1918, and was renamed into the Parliament of Georgia (საქართველოს პარლამენტი, ''sakartvelos parlament'i'') on October 4, 1918. It was succeeded by the Constituent Assembly of Georgia, a legislative body elected through the nationwide general elections on February 14, 1919. Formation The National Council of Georgia (NCG) was elected at the National Congress of Georgia held in the State Treasury Theater in Tiflis (now Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre) from November 19 to 23, 1917, and attended by 329 delegates from Georgia’s all m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Democratic Party Of Georgia
The National Democratic Party (, ''erovnul-demokratiuli partia'') is a political party in Georgia. It was established in 1988 by Giorgi Chanturia as a radical splinter group of the Ilia Chavchavadze Society, although an earlier party with the same name also existed among the Georgian intelligentsia and in the Democratic Republic of Georgia The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; ka, საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა ') was the first modern establishment of a republic of Georgia, which existed from May 1918 to ... from 1917 to 1924.Svante Cornell, ''Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus'', Routledge, 2005, p. 147 At the 2012 elections, the party won 3,050 votes, 0.14% of the national total. Recently the party joined the Strength is in Unity–United Opposition coalition before the 2018 presidential election. The current leader of the party is Bachuki Kar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Duma Of The Russian Empire
The State Duma, also known as the Imperial Duma, was the lower house of the Governing Senate in the Russian Empire, while the upper house was the State Council. It held its meetings in the Taurida Palace in St. Petersburg. It convened four times between 27 April 1906 and the collapse of the Empire in February 1917. The first and the second dumas were more democratic and represented a greater number of national types than their successors. The third duma was dominated by gentry, landowners and businessmen. The fourth duma held five sessions; it existed until 2 March 1917, and was formally dissolved on 6 October 1917. History Coming under pressure from the Russian Revolution of 1905, on August 6, 1905 (O.S.), Sergei Witte (appointed by Nicholas II to manage peace negotiations with Japan after the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905) issued a manifesto about the convocation of the Duma, initially thought to be a purely advisory body, the so-called Bulygin-Duma. In the subsequent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major General
Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a lieutenant general outranking a major general, whereas a major outranks a lieutenant. In the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth and in the United States, when appointed to a field command, a major general is typically in command of a Division (military), division consisting of around 6,000 to 25,000 troops (several regiments or brigades). It is a two-star general, two-star rank that is subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the rank of brigadier or brigadier general. In the Commonwealth, major general is equivalent to the navy rank of rear admiral. In air forces with a separate rank structure (Commonwealth), major general is equivalent to air vice-marshal. In some countries including much of Eastern Europe, major ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiflis Governorate
The Tiflis Governorate was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire with its administrative center in Tiflis (present-day Tbilisi). In 1897, it constituted 44,607 sq. kilometres in area and had a population of 1,051,032 inhabitants.Brockhaus and Efron EncyclopaediaTiflis Governorate The Tiflis Governorate bordered the Elizavetpol Governorate to the southeast, the Erivan Governorate to the south, the Kars Oblast to the southwest, the Batum Oblast to the west, the Kutaisi Governorate to the northwest, the Terek Oblast to the north, the Dagestan Oblast to the northeast, and after 1905, the Zakatal Okrug to the east. The governorate covered areas of central and southeastern Georgia, the partially recognised state of South Ossetia, most of the Lori Province of Armenia, small parts of northwestern Azerbaijan, and a minuscule southern part of Ingushetia within Russia. History Tiflis Governorate was established in 1846 along with the Kutaisi G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marshal Of Nobility (Russia)
{{Short description, Local elected office in Russian Empire Marshal of Nobility (russian: Предводитель дворянства) was an elected position in Russian local self-government prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917. History The nobility of each governorate formed a corporation, the Noble Society ( :ru:Дворянское общество), governed by the Assembly of Nobility with an elected Marshal of Nobility at its head. Each subdivision of a governorate (uyezd) also had its elected Marshal of Nobility. Besides the Assembly of Nobility, Marshals of Nobility also chaired several local boards including the council of Justices of the peace, local education boards, boards that administered drafting of the men into the army, etc. After creation of all- estate Zemstvo A ''zemstvo'' ( rus, земство, p=ˈzʲɛmstvə, plural ''zemstva'' – rus, земства) was an institution of local government set up during the great emancipation reform of 1861 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilia Chavchavadze
Prince Ilia Chavchavadze ( ka, ილია ჭავჭავაძე; 8 November 1837 – 12 September 1907) was a Georgian public figure, journalist, publisher, writer and poet who spearheaded the revival of Georgian nationalism during the second half of the 19th century and ensured the survival of the Georgian language, literature, and culture during the last decades of Tsarist rule. He is Georgia's "most universally revered hero" and is regarded as the "Father of the Nation." He was a leader of contemporary youth intellectual movement named "Tergdaleulebi". They spread modern and European liberal ideals in Georgia. Ilia Chavchavadze founded two modern newspapers: ''Sakartvelos Moambe'' and ''Iveria''. He played an important role in the creation of the first financial structure in Georgia – Land Bank of Tbilisi. During 30 years he was a chairman of this Bank, through which he financed and promoted most of the cultural, educational, economical and charity events which too ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vachnadze
The Vachnadze ( ka, ვაჩნაძე) was a Georgian noble family, a principal line descending from the early medieval Donauri dynasty of Kakheti. Their offshoots were the Beburishvili (probably also Babadishvili). The family has produced several notable religious, military and cultural figures. The Vachnadze fief was centered at the village Kardenakhi. Their princely rank was recognized by the Russian Empire in 1826 and 1850. An unrelated family, originally known as Onanashvili, was enfeoffed with the estate of one of the extinct lines of Vachnadze and allowed to adopt their title and surname in the 18th century.Toumanoff, Cyril (1967). ''Studies in Christian Caucasian History'', p. 269. Georgetown University Press. Bagrationi, Ioane (1768-1830)Vachnadze-shvili (Princes of Kakheti) ''The Brief Description of the Georgian Noble Houses''. Retrieved on January 6, 2008. In popular culture Bertolt Brecht gave the Vachnadze surname to the protagonist in his ''Der kaukasische K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
