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Konrad III The Old
Konrad III the Old ( pl, Konrad III Stary) ( – 28 December 1412) was a Duke of Oleśnica, Koźle, half of Bytom and half of Ścinawa since 1377 (until 1403 with his father as co-ruler). He was the only son of Konrad II the Gray, Duke of Oleśnica, by his wife Agnes, daughter of Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn. Life In 1377 his father named him co-ruler of all his lands, as his only son and heir. Konrad III began his reign alone only in 1403, after his father's death. Little is known about his reign. Marriage and issue By 1380 he married with Judith (also named Jutta or Guta) (d. 26 June 1416), whose origins are unknown. They had seven children: #Konrad IV the Older (b. ca. 1384 – d. 9 August 1447). #Konrad V Kantner (b. ca. 1385 – d. 10 September 1439). #Konrad VI the Dean (b. ca. 1391 – d. 3 September 1427). #Konrad VII the White (b. aft. 1396 – d. 14 February 1452). #Konrad VIII the Younger (b. aft. 1397 – d. by 5 September 1444). #Euphemia (b. ca. 1404? – d. 27 Novembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silesian Piasts
The Silesian Piasts were the elder of four lines of the Polish Piast dynasty beginning with Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159), eldest son of Duke Bolesław III of Poland. By Bolesław's testament, Władysław was granted Silesia as his hereditary province and also the Lesser Polish Seniorate Province at Kraków according to the principle of agnatic seniority. Early history The history of the Silesian Piasts began with the feudal fragmentation of Poland in 1138 following the death of the Polish duke Bolesław III Wrymouth. While the Silesian province and the Kraków seniorate were assigned to Władysław II the Exile, his three younger half–brothers Bolesław IV the Curly, Mieszko III the Old, and Henry of Sandomierz received Masovia, Greater Poland and Sandomierz, respectively, according to the Testament of Boleslaw III. Władysław soon entered into fierce conflicts with his brothers and the Polish nobility. When in 1146 he attempted to take control of the whole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casimir I, Duke Of Cieszyn
Casimir I of Cieszyn ( pl, Kazimierz I cieszyński, cs, Kazimír I. Těšínský, german: Kasimir I. von Teschen; 1280/90 – ), was Duke of Cieszyn from 1315, Duke of Siewierz from 1337 and Duke of Bytom from 1357. He was the second son of Mieszko I, Duke of Cieszyn by his wife, probably called Grzymisława. Life After death of his father in 1315, Casimir I gained the southwestern part of the duchy, centered around the town of Cieszyn. His marriage to Euphemia of Czersk founded a tradition of relationships of Cieszyn Piasts with Masovian Piasts. Casimir I initially had good relations with Władysław I the Elbow-high, who became the King of Poland in 1320. But when during 1321–1324 Lithuanian forces supporting Elbow-high plundered Cieszyn, Casimir I broke with the Polish King. He then became a closer ally of John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia and swore homage to him on 8 February 1327 in Opava; in exchange for his submission, Casimir I received the promise of inheritance of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1350s Births
135 may refer to: *135 (number) * AD 135 * 135 BC *135 film 135 film, more popularly referred to as 35 mm film or 35 mm, is a format of photographic film used for still photography. It is a film with a film gauge of loaded into a standardized type of magazine – also referred to as a casse ..., better known as 35 mm film, is a format of photographic film used for still photography * 135 (New Jersey bus) {{numberdis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Silesia
The Duchy of Silesia ( pl, Księstwo śląskie, german: Herzogtum Schlesien, cs, Slezské knížectví) with its capital at Wrocław was a medieval duchy located in the historic Silesian region of Poland. Soon after it was formed under the Piast dynasty in 1138, it fragmented into various Silesian duchies. In 1327, the remaining Duchy of Wrocław as well as most other duchies ruled by the Silesian Piasts passed to the Kingdom of Bohemia as Duchies of Silesia. The acquisition was completed when King Casimir III the Great of Poland renounced his rights to Silesia in the 1335 Treaty of Trentschin. Geography During the time of its establishment, the Silesian lands covered the basin of the upper and middle Oder river. In the south the Sudetes mountain range up to the Moravian Gate formed the border with the lands of Bohemia - including Kłodzko Land - and Moravia. After a more than century-long struggle, the boundary had just been determined by an 1137 agreement with the Bohemian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Piast
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 930–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir III the Great. Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian kings after John I Albert were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter. Origin of the name The early dukes and kings of Poland are said to have regarded themselves as descendants of the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright (''Piast Kołodziej''), first mentioned in the '' Cronicae et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum'' (Chronicles and deeds of the dukes or princes of the Poles), written c. 1113 by Gallus Anonymus. However, the ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Głogów
Głogów (; german: Glogau, links=no, rarely , cs, Hlohov, szl, Głogōw) is a city in western Poland. It is the county seat of Głogów County, in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (since 1999), and was previously in Legnica Voivodeship (1975–1998). Głogów is the sixth largest town in the Voivodeship; its population in 2021 was 65,400. The name of the town derives from , the Polish name for hawthorn. Among the oldest towns in Poland, Głogów was founded in the 10th century as a Piast defensive settlement and obtained city rights in the 13th century from Duke Konrad I. Due to the town's strategic location on several trade routes, the townspeople received many privileges and benefits, which brought wealth and greatly reflected on the city's architecture. Over time, Głogów grew to be one of the largest fortified towns in Lower Silesia. The demolition of fortifications at the beginning of the 20th century improved the chances for further growth. However, towards the end of the Sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry IX The Older
Henryk IX Starszy (literally ''Henry IX the Elder'') (b. probably between 1387 and 1392, d 11 November 1467 in Krosno) was a Duke of Żagań- Głogów during 1397–1412 (as co-ruler of his brother), during 1412–17 ruler over Szprotawa, Krosno Odrzańskie, Świebodzin and half of Głogów (with his brothers as co-rulers), since 1417 ruler over Szprotawa, half of Głogów, since 1420 ruler over Kożuchów and Zielona Góra, from 1430 ruler over Krosno Odrzańskie and Świebodzin and since 1446 Duke of Lubin. He was the second son of Henry VIII the Sparrow, Duke of Głogów by his wife Katharina, daughter of Duke Władysław of Opole. Life After his father's death in 1397, the Dowager Duchess Katharina moved with their children to Kożuchów, who, together with Zielona Góra, was her dower. Between 1397 and 1401 the official custody of the princes and the regency of the Duchy was held by Duke Rupert I of Legnica. This was a difficult task, since Henryk VIII leave h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George I, Prince Of Anhalt-Dessau
George I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau ( – 21 September 1474), was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau. He was the second son of Sigismund I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, by his wife Judith, daughter of Gebhard XI, Count of Querfurt. Life In 1405, after the death of his father, George inherited the principality of Anhalt-Dessau alongside his older brother Waldemar IV and his younger brothers Sigismund II and Albert V. By 1435, he adopted the style "Lord of Zerbst and Dessau" and styled himself "Lord of Köthen" from 1460. In 1468 he inherited the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg, then three years later (in 1471) signed a succession contract with his first cousin Adolph I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, that named him as "Mitherr" (co-ruler) with rights to half of the principality of Anhalt-Köthen. George renounced his rights, however, in favor of his eldest son Waldemar VI, who became the new co-ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Köthen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert III, Duke Of Saxe-Wittenberg
Albert III (german: Albrecht III.; – before 12 November 1422) was the last Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg and Elector of Saxony from the House of Ascania. After his death, King Sigismund ceded his duchy and the Saxon electoral dignity to Margrave Frederick IV of Meissen from the House of Wettin. Life Albert was probably born in the Saxon Wittenberg residence, the younger son of Duke Wenceslaus I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg and his wife Cecilia, daughter of Francesco I da Carrara, Lord of Padua. He first appeared in written documents in 1407. When his elder brother, Elector Rudolf III was poisoned in 1419, Albert took over the rule of Saxe-Wittenberg. Also known as "Albert the Poor", he inherited a land exhausted by the War of the Lüneburg Succession and Rudolf's long-time feud with the Archbishops of Magdeburg. With an empty state purse, he could scarcely afford any servants and led a very lonely life. In order to generate some income, he controversially imposed the right to c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ścinawa
Ścinawa (german: Steinau an der Oder, links=no) is a town and municipality on the Oder river in the Lower Silesian region of Poland. The Ścinawa train station is a key gateway for travel throughout the region, connecting major destinations such as Wrocław and Głogów. As of 2019, the town's population is 5,582. Between 1975 and 1998, Ścinawa was in Legnica Voivodeship. It is now part of Lubin County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, and is the seat of the municipality called Gmina Ścinawa. History Ścinawa was first documented as a possession of the newly established Trzebnica Abbey in a deed issued by Pope Innocent III, which dates back to 1202, when it was part of fragmented Poland. Town privileges were first granted between 1248 and 1259 by Konrad I, Duke of Głogów. The town church of St John's was first constructed in 1209. After the partition of the Duchy of Głogów by Konrad's sons in 1273, Ścinawa became the capital of a duchy in its own right under the rule o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konrad II The Gray
Konrad II the Gray ( pl, Konrad II Siwy) (c. 1340 – 10 June 1403) was a Duke of Oleśnica, Koźle and half of Bytom since 1366 and Duke of half of Ścinawa since 1397 until his death. He was the second child but only son of Duke Konrad I of Oleśnica by his second wife Euphemia, daughter of Władysław, Duke of Koźle-Bytom Bytom (Polish pronunciation: ; Silesian: ''Bytōm, Bytōń'', german: Beuthen O.S.) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. Located in the Silesian Voivodeship of Poland, the city is 7 km northwest of Katowice, the regional capital .... Life After the death of his father in 1366, Konrad II inherited all his lands as one and only ruler. Little is known about his rule. In 1377 he named his only son and heir, the future Konrad III, as his co-ruler. In 1397 he received half of Ścinawa as payment after the death of Henry VIII the Sparrow. Marriage and issue By 23 February 1354 Konrad II married with Agnes (b. 1338 – d. by 27 April 1371) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bytom
Bytom (Polish pronunciation: ; Silesian: ''Bytōm, Bytōń'', german: Beuthen O.S.) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. Located in the Silesian Voivodeship of Poland, the city is 7 km northwest of Katowice, the regional capital. It is one of the oldest cities in the Upper Silesia, and the former seat of the Piast dukes of the Duchy of Bytom. Until 1532, it was in the hands of the Piast dynasty, then it belonged to the Hohenzollern dynasty. After 1623 it was a state country in the hands of the Donnersmarck family. From 1742 to 1945 the town was within the borders of Prussia and Germany, and played an important role as an economic and administrative centre of the local industrial region. Until the outbreak of World War II, it was the main centre of national, social, cultural and publishing organisations fighting to preserve Polish identity in Upper Silesia. In the interbellum and during World War II, local Poles and Jews faced persecution by Germany. After ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
