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Kokia Cookei
''Kokia cookei'' is a small, deciduous tree commonly known as the kokio, Molokai treecotton, Cooke's kokio, or Molokai kokio. Distribution This species is only known to have existed in the lowlands of western Molokai island of the Hawaiian Islands. Presumably, its native habitat was lowland dry forests on the leeward western end of the island. This was all but cut down by Polynesian settlers, around the year 1000 CE, to make room for agriculture. It seems to have been noted by these settlers, as suggested by the native name ''hau heleula'' ("entirely red '' hau''").''Kokia cookei'' . Center for Plant Conservation (CPC) (2002). Retrieved 21 April 2011. The three trees initially found grew near Mahana, northeast of Puu Nana. at ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Degener
Otto Degener (May 13, 1899 – January 16, 1988) was a botanist and conservationist who specialized in identifying plants of the Hawaiian Islands. Biography Degener was born May 13, 1899 in East Orange, New Jersey. Degener graduated from the Massachusetts Agricultural College (now University of Massachusetts Amherst). Intending to spend a year as a tourist, he arrived in Hawaii but decided to stay. He received his MA from the University of Hawaii in 1922 and his PhD from Columbia University. He taught Botany at the University of Hawaii from 1925 to 1927, and was the first naturalist for what are now Hawaii Volcanoes National Park and Haleakala National Park. In 1932, Degener started the first book on Hawaiian plants published since that of William Hillebrand in 1888. It was titled ''Flora Hawaiiensis'', and published in several volumes over his lifetime. On January 10, 1953 he married the botanist Isa Irmgard Hansen, whom he met in Berlin in 1952. They collected plants together in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kokia Kauaiensis
''Kokia kauaiensis'', the Kauai treecotton or Kauai Kokio, is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that is endemic to Kauai, Hawaii. It inhabits coastal mesic and mixed mesic forests at elevations of . Associated plants include ahakea ('' Bobea'' spp.), koa ('' Acacia koa''), lama (''Diospyros sandwicensis''), manono (''Hedyotis'' spp.), hala pepe ('' Pleomele aurea''), aupaka ('' Isodendrion'' spp.), papala kepau ('' Pisonia'' spp.), olopua (''Nestegis sandwicensis''), ōhia hā ('' Syzygium sandwicensis''), hame ('' Antidesma'' spp.), maile (''Alyxia oliviformis''), ālaa ('' Pouteria sandwicensis''), aiai (''Streblus pendulinus''), alahee ('' Psydrax odorata''), uluhe (''Dicranopteris linearis''), aloalo ('' Hibiscus'' spp.), mēhamehame ('' Flueggea neowawraea''), alani ('' Melicope'' spp.), palapalai lau lii ('' Asplenium laciniatum''), oheohe (''Tetraplasandra'' spp.), akoko ('' Euphorbia celastroides''), nehe (''Lipochaeta spp''), aalii ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Mamo
The black mamo (''Drepanis funerea''), also known as the hoa, is an extinction, extinct species of bird once Endemism, endemic to the island of Molokai; there is also subfossil evidence of it having lived on Maui. Description It measured from bill to tail, and was black with faded white primaries and yellow at the base of the bill. The highly decurved bill was longer in the male. Often the forehead would be dusted with pollen of its favorite food, the ''Lobelia''. The mamo's song was a group of nose whistles that sounded like a flute along with a long held out trill. This bird has had many names including Molokai mamo, o’o nuku’umu, which meant "o’o with sucking beak", and Perkins's mamo, after ornithologist Robert Cyril Layton Perkins, R.C.L Perkins who produced most of the information about this species. By habit an understory bird, it was affected by the introduction of cattle and deer which destroyed much of its habitat, as well as direct and egg predation by intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ʻIʻiwi
The iiwi (''Drepanis coccinea'', pronounced , ''ee-EE-vee'') or scarlet honeycreeper is a species of Hawaiian honeycreeper. The iiwi is a highly recognizable symbol of Hawaii. The iiwi is the third most common native land bird in the Hawaiian Islands. Etymology Linguists derive the Hawaiian language word ''iiwi'' from Proto-Nuclear-Polynesian ''*kiwi'', which in central Polynesia refers to the bristle-thighed curlew (''Numenius tahitiensis''), a migratory bird.Protoform: KIWI.1* Polynesian Lexicon Project Online. The long decurved bill of the curlew somewhat resembles that of the iiwi. Description [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common ʻamakihi
Common may refer to: Places * Common, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland * Boston Common, a central public park in Boston, Massachusetts * Cambridge Common, common land area in Cambridge, Massachusetts * Clapham Common, originally common land, now a park in London, UK * Common Moss, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland * Lexington Battle Green, Lexington Common, a common land area in Lexington, Massachusetts * Salem Common Historic District (Salem, Massachusetts), Salem Common Historic District, a common land area in Salem, Massachusetts People * Common (rapper) (born 1972), American hip hop artist, actor, and poet * Andrew Ainslie Common (born 1841), English amateur astronomer * Andrew Common (born 1889), British shipping director * John Common, American songwriter, musician and singer * Thomas Common (born 1850), Scottish translator and literary critic Arts, entertainment, and media * Common (film), ''Common'' (film), a 2014 BBC One film, written by Jimmy M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molokai Creeper
Molokai , or Molokai (), is the fifth most populated of the eight major islands that make up the Hawaiian Islands archipelago in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. It is 38 by 10 miles (61 by 16 km) at its greatest length and width with a usable land area of , making it the fifth-largest in size of the main Hawaiian Islands and the 27th largest island in the United States. It lies southeast of Oahu across the wide Kaʻiwi Channel and north of Lānai, separated from it by the Kalohi Channel. The island's agrarian economy has been driven primarily by cattle ranching, pineapple production, sugarcane production and small-scale farming. Tourism comprises a small fraction of the island's economy, and much of the infrastructure related to tourism was closed and barricaded in the early 2000s when the primary landowner, Molokai Ranch, ceased operations due to substantial revenue losses. In Kalawao County, on the Kalaupapa Peninsula on the north coast, settlements were established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maui Nui ʻalauahio
The island of Maui (; Hawaiian: ) is the second-largest of the islands of the state of Hawaii at 727.2 square miles (1,883 km2) and is the 17th largest island in the United States. Maui is the largest of Maui County's four islands, which also includes Molokai, Lānai, and unpopulated Kahoolawe. In 2020, Maui had a population of 168,307, the third-highest of the Hawaiian Islands, behind that of Oahu and Hawaii Island. Kahului is the largest census-designated place (CDP) on the island with a population of 26,337 , and is the commercial and financial hub of the island. Wailuku is the seat of Maui County and is the third-largest CDP . Other significant places include Kīhei (including Wailea and Makena in the Kihei Town CDP, the island's second-most-populated CDP), Lāhainā (including Kāanapali and Kapalua in the Lāhainā Town CDP), Makawao, Pukalani, Pāia, Kula, Haikū, and Hāna. Etymology Native Hawaiian tradition gives the origin of the island's name in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hibiscadelphus
''Hibiscadelphus'' is a genus of flowering plants that are endemic to Hawaii. It is known by the Native Hawaiians as ''hau kuahiwi'' which means "mountain Hibiscus". The Latin name ''Hibiscadelphus'' means "brother of ''Hibiscus''". It is distinctive for its peculiar flowers, which do not fully open. ''Hibiscadelphus'' is in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Malvoideae. Several of the species in this small genus are presumed extinct. Description ''Hibiscadelphus'' was first described by Austrian-American botanist Joseph Rock in 1911 on the basis of the species ''Hibiscadelphus giffardianus''. Species in this genus are large shrubs or small trees, up to tall, with nearly circular leaves. The genus is characterized by flowers that never open to the flat form of ''Hibiscus'', but remain folded together in a tubular form. This is presumed to be an adaptation to pollination by honeycreepers. The fruits are rough capsules containing up to 15 hairy seeds. The lateness of its discovery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fowlpox
Fowlpox is the worldwide disease of poultry caused by viruses of the family ''Poxviridae'' and the genus ''Avipoxvirus''. The viruses causing fowlpox are distinct from one another but antigenically similar, possible hosts including chickens, turkeys, quail, canaries, pigeons, and many other species of birds. There are two forms of the disease. The first is spread by biting insects (especially mosquitoes) and wound contamination and causes lesions on the comb, wattles, and beak. Birds affected by this form usually recover within a few weeks. It can also be transmitted via inhalation or ingestion of dust (or dander, representing virus-infected cells shed from cutaneous lesions), or aerosols, leading to the 'diphtheritic form' of the disease, with lesions on the mucous membranes of the mouth, pharynx, larynx, and sometimes trachea. The second form is spread by inhalation of the virus and causes a diphtheritic membrane to form in the mouth, pharynx, larynx, and sometimes the trache ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avian Malaria
Avian malaria is a parasitic disease of birds, caused by parasite species belonging to the genera ''Plasmodium'' and '' Hemoproteus'' (phylum Apicomplexa, class Haemosporidia, family Plasmoiidae). The disease is transmitted by a dipteran vector including mosquitoes in the case of ''Plasmodium'' parasites and biting midges for ''Hemoproteus.'' The range of symptoms and effects of the parasite on its bird hosts is very wide, from asymptomatic cases to drastic population declines due to the disease, as is the case of the Hawaiian honeycreepers. The diversity of parasites is large, as it is estimated that there are approximately as many parasites as there are species of hosts. Co-speciation and host switching events have contributed to the broad range of hosts that these parasites can infect, causing avian malaria to be a widespread global disease, found everywhere except Antarctica. Cause Avian malaria is most notably caused by ''Plasmodium relictum'', a protist that infects birds i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosquito
Mosquitoes (or mosquitos) are members of a group of almost 3,600 species of small flies within the family Culicidae (from the Latin ''culex'' meaning " gnat"). The word "mosquito" (formed by ''mosca'' and diminutive ''-ito'') is Spanish for "little fly". Mosquitoes have a slender segmented body, one pair of wings, one pair of halteres, three pairs of long hair-like legs, and elongated mouthparts. The mosquito life cycle consists of egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. Eggs are laid on the water surface; they hatch into motile larvae that feed on aquatic algae and organic material. These larvae are important food sources for many freshwater animals, such as dragonfly nymphs, many fish, and some birds such as ducks. The adult females of most species have tube-like mouthparts (called a proboscis) that can pierce the skin of a host and feed on blood, which contains protein and iron needed to produce eggs. Thousands of mosquito species feed on the blood of various hosts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drepanidinae
Hawaiian honeycreepers are a group of small, passerine birds endemic to Hawaii. They are closely related to the rosefinches in the genus ''Carpodacus'', but many species have evolved features unlike those present in any other finch. Their great morphological diversity is the result of adaptive radiation in an insular environment. Many have been driven to extinction since the first humans arrived in Hawaii, with extinctions increasing over the last 2 centuries following European discovery of the islands, with habitat destruction and especially invasive species being the main causes. Taxonomy Before the introduction of molecular phylogenetic techniques, the relationship of the Hawaiian honeycreepers to other bird species was controversial. The honeycreepers were sometimes categorized as a family Drepanididae,Clements, J. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World.'' 6th ed. other authorities considered them a subfamily, Drepanidinae, of Fringillidae, the finch fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
