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Kobe Incident
The , also known in Japanese as the and in English as the Bizen affray or Bizen affair, was a diplomatic incident between Imperial Japan and several Western powers, caused by a skirmish on February 4, 1868 between Bizen soldiers and foreign sailors. It developed into a crisis in Franco–Japanese relations, becoming the first major international affairs challenge for the fledgling Meiji government. The incident occurred during a period of time that Hyōgo Port was open to foreign trade, with a community of foreign merchants and soldiers living and working in the Kobe foreign settlement. In response, the foreign militaries seized nearby Japanese warships and occupied the center of the city under the pretense of protecting their settlement. The Imperial court sent a representative to negotiate and inform the Westerners that power had shifted from the Tokugawa Shogunate to the newly-formed Meiji government. The Western representatives demanded Taki Zenzaburo, who was involved, be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kobe Foreign Settlement
The , also known as the Kobe foreign concession, was a foreign settlement located about 3.5 kilometers east of the Port of Kobe, in the future Chūō-ku of Kobe, Japan. Established based on the Ansei Treaties, it existed from January 1, 1868, to July 16, 1899. The site was located between the to the east, the (site of a future thoroughfare) to the west, the sea to the south, and the highway to the north. It had an area of 78,000 ''tsubo'' (about 25.8 hectares), and was developed based on a logical urban plan. For these reasons, it has been praised as the "best-planned foreign settlement in the Orient". Its extraterritoriality was acknowledged in some of its administrative and financial affairs, and it was managed by an autonomous organization structured with foreign residents (most of whom had interests in east-India company and/or associates) at its center. Its operation was smooth, and relations between the Japanese and foreign sides were generally favorable. The settlement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sannomiya
is a district of Chūō-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, Japan. Today, it is the biggest downtown area in the city. The district takes the name from Sannomiya Shrine, a branch of Ikuta Shrine. Before the 1920s, Sannomiya was just an edge of the city. The major downtowns were Motomachi and Shinkaichi, which are west of Sannomiya. However, after Sogo Department Store moved to the place in front of Sannomiya Station from Motomachi in 1933, the area started to develop rapidly. Sannomiya is also a hub of many transportation systems in Kobe. JR West, Hankyu Railway, Hanshin Electric Railway, Kobe Municipal Subway, and Kobe New Transit use Kobe-Sannomiya Station as their core station in the area. The Kobe Incident in 1868 occurred in this district, in front of Sannomiya Shrine. See also * Daimaru Kobe (diagonally in front of the above-mentioned Sannomiya Shrine) *Kobe-Sannomiya Station (Hankyu, Hanshin, Kobe Municipal Subway, Kobe New Transit) *Sannomiya Station (JR West) is a railw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplomatic Archives Of The Ministry Of Foreign Affairs Of Japan
The (formerly Diplomatic Record Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) in Tokyo, Japan, is the office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in charge of archiving Japan's diplomatic documents. An exhibition hall near the archives building (別館展示室) can be visited freely, in which exhibits are regularly held. File:Ratification of the Japan USA Treaty of Peace and Amity 21 February 1855.jpg, Ratification of the Japan-US Treaty of Peace and Amity, 21 February 1855. File:Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Japan and the United States 29 July 1858.jpg, Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Japan and the United States, 29 July 1858. File:Japan China Peace Treaty 17 April 1895.jpg, Japan-China Peace Treaty, 17 April 1895. File:Japan Russia Treaty of Peace 5 September 1905.jpg, Japan-Russia Treaty of Peace, 5 September 1905. See also * List of museums in Tokyo The following is a list of museums and art galleries in Tokyo. See also * List of museums in Japan Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Namamugi Incident
The , also known as the Kanagawa incident and Richardson affair, was a political crisis that occurred in the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the ''Bakumatsu'' on 14 September 1862. Charles Lennox Richardson, a British merchant, was killed by the armed retinue of Shimazu Hisamitsu, the regent of the Satsuma Domain, on a road in Namamugi near Kawasaki. Richardson's murder sparked outrage among Europeans for violating their extraterritoriality in Japan, while the Japanese argued Richardson had disrespected Shimazu and was justifiably killed under the ''Kiri-sute gomen'' rule. British demands for compensation and failure by the Satsuma to respond resulted in the Bombardment of Kagoshima (or Anglo-Satsuma War) in August 1863. Course of events On 14 September 1862, four British subjects – the Shanghai-based merchant Charles Lennox Richardson, two Yokohama-based merchants, Woodthorpe Charles Clark and William Marshall, and Marshall's sister-in-law Margaret Watson Borradaile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faux-pas
English words {{Short pages monitor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonnō Jōi
was a ''yojijukugo'' (four-character compound) phrase used as the rallying cry and slogan of a political movement in Japan in the 1850s and 1860s during the Bakumatsu period. Based on Neo-Confucianism and Japanese nativism, the movement sought to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate and restore the power of the Emperor of Japan. Etymology During the Spring and Autumn period of China, Chancellor Guan Zhong of Qi initiated a policy known as ''Zunwang Rangyi'' (尊王攘夷 ; lit. "Revere the King, Expel the Barbarians"), in reference to the Zhou kings. Adopting and adhering to it, Duke Huan of Qi assembled the Chinese feudal lords to strike down the threat of barbarians from China. For it, Confucius himself praised Guan Zhong for the preservation of Chinese civilization through the example of the contrast in the hairstyles and clothing styles between them and barbaric peoples. Through the ''Analects'' of Confucius, the Chinese expression came to be transmitted to Japan as ''sonn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eifuku-ji
Eifuku-ji (叡福寺) is a Buddhist temple in Minamikawachi, Osaka, Japan. It is affiliated with Shingon Buddhism. According to legend, it was founded in 724 by Emperor Shōmu. See also *Historical Sites of Prince Shōtoku The Historical Sites of Prince Shōtoku (聖徳太子御遺跡霊場, ''Shōtoku taishi goiseki reijō'') are a group of 28 Buddhist temples in Japan related to the life of Prince Shōtoku , also known as or , was a semi-legendary regent and a ... Buddhist temples in Osaka Prefecture Kōyasan Shingon temples Prince Shōtoku {{Buddhist-temple-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léon Roches
Léon Roches (September 27, 1809, Grenoble – 1901) was a representative of the French government in Japan from 1864 to 1868. Léon Roches was a student at the Lycée de Tournon in Grenoble, and followed an education in Law. After only 6 months at university, he quit to assist friends of his father as a trader in Marseilles.Polak 2001, p.31 North Africa When Léon's father acquired a plantation in Algeria, Léon left France to join him on June 30, 1832. Léon spent the next 32 years on the African continent. He learned the Arab language very rapidly and after only two years was recruited as translator for the French Army in Africa. He served as an Officer (Sous-Lieutenant) of cavalry in the Garde Nationale d'Algerie from 1835 to 1839. General Bugeaud asked him to negotiate with Abd-el-Kader in order to bring about the cessation of hostilities against the French. He is noted as having been highly respected by Arab chieftains. Under Bugeaud's recommendation, Roches joined t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Godai Tomoatsu
was one of the Satsuma students of 1865 who were smuggled out of Bakumatsu period Japan to study in Great Britain. He returned to become Japan's leading entrepreneur of the early Meiji period. Early life Godai was born in Satsuma domain (in what is now part of Kagoshima city, Kagoshima Prefecture), and was sent by the domain to study naval science and technology at the ''Kaigun Denshujo'' in Nagasaki. At the outbreak of the Anglo-Satsuma War of 1864, he was appointed captain of the '' Tenu Maru''. Along with Matsuki Koan, he was taken prisoner by the Royal Navy when his ship was captured. He was chosen as one of 15 students to be sent to Great Britain to study at the University College, London in defiance of the Tokugawa bakufu's official national seclusion policy. Bakumatsu period In 1865 Godai made contact with Thomas Glover who steered negotiations with the Platt textile machinery giant in Oldham, Lancashire, England. This visit led to the establishment of the Kagoshima Mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Date Munenari
__NOTOC__ The Marquis was the eighth head of the Uwajima Domain during the Late Tokugawa shogunate and a politician of the early Meiji era. Early life Munenari was born in Edo, the 4th son of the hatamoto Yamaguchi Naokatsu. Munenari, then known as Kamesaburō 亀三郎, was a candidate for adoption by the heirless 7th generation Uwajima lord Date Munetada because Naokatsu's father was the 5th Uwajima lord, Date Muratoki. Clan leader Munenari succeeded to headship in 1844. The ''tairō'' Ii Naosuke ordered Munenari's retirement in 1858. He was placed under house arrest. He returned to prominence in the subsequent years of political maneuvering in Kyoto, as a member of the conciliatory kōbu-gattai (公武合体 ''union of court and bakufu'') party. Late in Bunkyū 3 (1863), as a proponent of kōbu-gattai, he was made a member of the imperial advisory council (''sanyō-kaigi'' 参与会議), together with Matsudaira Katamori and other like-minded lords. National leader Af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Higashikuze Michitomi
Count was a Japanese noble and statesman of the late Edo period and early Meiji period. He was among the pro-Emperor ''sonnō jōi'' faction nobles who escaped to Chōshū Domain after members of the pro-shogunate '' kōbu gattai'' faction staged a coup in 1863. After the Meiji Restoration, he was appointed among the first , and served the fledgling government in early negotiations. After this he continued to hold important positions, including Governor of Kanagawa Prefecture, Chairman of the Hokkaido Development Commission, and Chamberlain, culminating in roles as Vice President of the House of Peers and Vice Chairman of the Privy Council. He was a count in the Japanese peerage. His art names included . Life Higashikuze was born on January 1, 1834, in Kyoto. His father was . He served in the Imperial Court during his youth in the Bakumatsu period, participating in the ''sonnō jōi'' movement that advocated the overthrow of the shogunate and restoration of power to the empe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itō Hirobumi
was a Japanese politician and statesman who served as the first Prime Minister of Japan. He was also a leading member of the ''genrō'', a group of senior statesmen that dictated Japanese policy during the Meiji era. A London-educated samurai of the Chōshū Domain and a central figure in the Meiji Restoration, Itō Hirobumi chaired the bureau which drafted the Constitution for the newly formed Empire of Japan. Looking to the West for inspiration, Itō rejected the United States Constitution as too liberal and the Spanish Restoration as too despotic. Instead, he drew on British and German models, particularly the Prussian Constitution of 1850. Dissatisfied with Christianity's pervasiveness in European legal precedent, he replaced such religious references with those rooted in the more traditionally Japanese concept of a ''kokutai'' or "national polity" which hence became the constitutional justification for imperial authority. During the 1880s, Itō emerged as the most p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
