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Knoll (oceanography)
In marine geology, a knoll is defined as a rounded underwater hill, not exceeding 1000 meters in height. Any rounded underwater features exceeding that height are referred to as seamounts. They are believed to cover around 16.3% of the world's seafloor. Examples * Orphan Knoll * Graveyard Seamounts The Graveyard Seamounts, officially known as the Graveyard Knolls, are a series of 28 small seamounts ( underwater volcanoes) and edifices located on the Chatham Rise, east of New Zealand. They cover about and stand out from the surrounding ocea ... References Oceanographical terminology Seamounts [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Geology
Marine geology or geological oceanography is the study of the history and structure of the ocean floor. It involves geophysical, geochemical, sedimentological and paleontological investigations of the ocean floor and coastal zone. Marine geology has strong ties to geophysics and to physical oceanography. Marine geological studies were of extreme importance in providing the critical evidence for sea floor spreading and plate tectonics in the years following World War II. The deep ocean floor is the last essentially unexplored frontier and detailed mapping in support of both military (submarine) objectives and economic (petroleum and metal mining) objectives drives the research. Overview The Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean with its attendant intense volcanism and seismic activity poses a major threat for disastrous earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. Any ''early warning'' systems for these disastrous events will require a more detailed understanding of marine ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seamount
A seamount is a large geologic landform that rises from the ocean floor that does not reach to the water's surface (sea level), and thus is not an island, islet or cliff-rock. Seamounts are typically formed from extinct volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from the seafloor to in height. They are defined by oceanographers as independent features that rise to at least above the seafloor, characteristically of conical form.IHO, 2008. Standardization of Undersea Feature Names: Guidelines Proposal form Terminology, 4th ed. International Hydrographic Organization and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Monaco. The peaks are often found hundreds to thousands of meters below the surface, and are therefore considered to be within the deep sea. During their evolution over geologic time, the largest seamounts may reach the sea surface where wave action erodes the summit to form a flat surface. After they have subsided and sunk below the sea surface such flat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orphan Knoll
Orphan Knoll is a undersea peak, horst and continental fragment located in the Atlantic Ocean off the northeast coast of Newfoundland, with mounds on it rising up to 1,800 meters from the surface. It was above sea level in the Middle Jurassic Period, and was left behind when Europe and Newfoundland separated during the formation of the North Atlantic, thus giving the peak its name. Due to its isolation, it is a hotspot for marine life and is home to corals, sponge Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate throug ...s, and endemics. References Landforms of Newfoundland and Labrador Seamounts of Canada Continental fragments Middle Jurassic North America Middle Jurassic Europe {{Marine-geo-stub Horsts (geology) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graveyard Seamounts
The Graveyard Seamounts, officially known as the Graveyard Knolls, are a series of 28 small seamounts ( underwater volcanoes) and edifices located on the Chatham Rise, east of New Zealand. They cover about and stand out from the surrounding oceanic plateau that measures several hundred kilometers. They are named after various morose figures following the naming of the largest of the knolls as "the Graveyard" as it was a graveyard of fishing gear that became stuck on it. The most prominent among the group of knolls are Ghoul, Diabolical, Voodoo, Scroll, Hartless, Pyre, Gothic, Zombie, Mummy, Headstone, Morgue and Graveyard (ordered roughly by increasing size). Geography and geology While the official name for these features refers to knolls,IHO, 2008. Standardization of Undersea Feature Names: Guidelines Proposal form Terminology, 4th ed. International Hydrographic Organization and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Monaco. researchers in different disciplines see thes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
