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Kleines Schulerloch Inscription
The Kleines Schulerloch inscription is the runic inscription of debated authenticity discovered in the Kleines Schulerloch cave that was found in 1937, Altmühl valley (near Essing, Bavaria) was not noticed until the 1950s. It reads :''birg : leub : selbrade'', probably meaning "Birg, beloved of Selbrad", next to a drawing of an ibex or stag scratched into the stone from perhaps the same time, but whose the authenticity is also debated. The inscription was generally considered to be fake shortly after its discovery. The discovery of a parallel inscription in grave 172 of the "Unterer Stollen" cemetery in Bad Krozingen in 2001, reading :''boba : leub , agirike'' revived discussions regarding the authenticity of the Kleines Schulerloch inscription. Still, in 2003, Looijenga concluded that the inscription is an obvious falsification. In 2012, Findell, accepting the Bad Krozingen inscription as genuine, noted that most scholars still objected to its authenticity and considered the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Runic Inscription
A runic inscription is an inscription made in one of the various runic alphabets. They generally contained practical information or memorials instead of magic or mythic stories. The body of runic inscriptions falls into the three categories of Elder Futhark (some 350 items, dating to between the 2nd and 8th centuries AD), Anglo-Frisian Futhorc (some 100 items, 5th to 11th centuries) and Younger Futhark (close to 6,000 items, 8th to 12th centuries). The total 350 known inscriptions in the Elder Futhark script fall into two main geographical categories, North Germanic languages, North Germanic (Scandinavian, c. 267 items) and Continental Germanic, Continental or South Germanic (Old High German, "German" and Gothic, c. 81 items). These inscriptions are on many types of loose objects, but the North Germanic tradition shows a preference for bracteates, while the South Germanic one has a preference for Fibula (brooch), fibulae. The precise figures are debatable because some inscriptions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altmühl
The Altmühl (, la, Alchmona, Alcmana, Almonus) s.v. is a river in , . It is a left tributary of the river and is approximately long. Course 
The source of the Altmühl is close to the town of
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Kelheim (district)
Kelheim is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in Bavaria, Germany, bound (from the north and clockwise) by the regions Regensburg, Landshut, Freising, Pfaffenhofen, Eichstätt and Neumarkt. Geography The district is located halfway between Ingolstadt and Regensburg on both banks of the Danube. In the northwestern part it includes a part of the Altmühl Valley Nature Park and the confluence of Altmühl and Danube. Coat of arms The coat of arms displays: *the blue and white checked pattern of Bavaria *the roses symbolise the monasteries of Biburg Biburg is a municipality in the district of Kelheim in Bavaria in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the ... and Weltenburg *silver and black are the colours of Abensberg, which once was a free imperial city Towns and municipalities References External links Official website(German)(German, E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria (german: Niederbayern, Bavarian: ''Niedabayern'') is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state. Geography Lower Bavaria is subdivided into two regions () – Landshut and Donau-Wald. Recent election results mark it as the most conservative part of Germany, generally giving huge margins to the CSU. This part of Bavaria includes the Bavarian Forest, a well-known tourist destination in Germany, and the Lower Bavarian Upland. ''Landkreise''(districts) # Deggendorf # Dingolfing-Landau # Freyung-Grafenau # Kelheim # Landshut # Passau # Regen # Rottal-Inn # Straubing-Bogen ''Kreisfreie Städte''(district-free towns) # Landshut # Passau # Straubing Population Economy The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 48.5 billion € in 2018, accounting for 1.4% of German economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 36,100 € or 120% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per empl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bavaria
Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total land area of Germany. With over 13 million inhabitants, it is second in population only to North Rhine-Westphalia, but due to its large size its population density is below the German average. Bavaria's main cities are Munich (its capital and largest city and also the third largest city in Germany), Nuremberg, and Augsburg. The history of Bavaria includes its earliest settlement by Iron Age Celtic tribes, followed by the conquests of the Roman Empire in the 1st century BC, when the territory was incorporated into the provinces of Raetia and Noricum. It became the Duchy of Bavaria (a stem duchy) in the 6th century AD following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. It was later incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire, became an ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viking Age
The Viking Age () was the period during the Middle Ages when Norsemen known as Vikings undertook large-scale raiding, colonizing, conquest, and trading throughout Europe and reached North America. It followed the Migration Period and the Germanic Iron Age. The Viking Age applies not only to their homeland of Scandinavia but also to any place significantly settled by Scandinavians during the period. The Scandinavians of the Viking Age are often referred to as ''Vikings'' as well as ''Norsemen'', although few of them were Vikings in sense of being engaged in piracy. Voyaging by sea from their homelands in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, the Norse people settled in the British Isles, Ireland, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, Normandy, and the Baltic coast and along the Dnieper and Volga trade routes in eastern Europe, where they were also known as Varangians. They also briefly settled in Newfoundland, becoming the first Europeans to reach North America. The Norse-Gaels, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Runic Inscription
A runic inscription is an inscription made in one of the various runic alphabets. They generally contained practical information or memorials instead of magic or mythic stories. The body of runic inscriptions falls into the three categories of Elder Futhark (some 350 items, dating to between the 2nd and 8th centuries AD), Anglo-Frisian Futhorc (some 100 items, 5th to 11th centuries) and Younger Futhark (close to 6,000 items, 8th to 12th centuries). The total 350 known inscriptions in the Elder Futhark script fall into two main geographical categories, North Germanic languages, North Germanic (Scandinavian, c. 267 items) and Continental Germanic, Continental or South Germanic (Old High German, "German" and Gothic, c. 81 items). These inscriptions are on many types of loose objects, but the North Germanic tradition shows a preference for bracteates, while the South Germanic one has a preference for Fibula (brooch), fibulae. The precise figures are debatable because some inscriptions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Essing
Essing is a municipality in the district of Kelheim in Bavaria in Germany. It lies on the river Altmühl The Altmühl (, la, Alchmona, Alcmana, Almonus) s.v. is a river in . References Kelheim (district) {{Kelheim-geo-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bad Krozingen
Bad Krozingen (; Alemannic: ''Bad Chrotzige'') is a spa town in the district Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 15 km southwest of Freiburg. In the 1970s, the previously independent villages Biengen, Hausen an der Möhlin, Schlatt and Tunsel, including Schmidhofen, became part of Bad Krozingen. Geography Location Bad Krozingen is located in Breisgau, about 15 km southwest of Freiburg and 45 km north of Basel, surrounded by corn and tobacco fields. Together with Staufen the town forms a middle-order centre. The river Neumagen flows through the town, then into the Möhlin near Biengen, which flows into the Rhine at Breisach. Neighbouring towns The neighbouring towns, clockwise from the north, include Breisach am Rhine, Munzigen, a district of Freiburg, Schallstadt, Ehrenkirchen, Staufen im Breisgau, Heitersheim, Eschbach and Hartheim. The towns Biengen, Hausen an der Möhlin, Schlatt and Tunsel, which were indepe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Runestones
There are about 3,000 runestones in Scandinavia (out of a total of about 6,000 runic inscriptions). p. 38. The runestones are unevenly distributed in Scandinavia: The majority is found in Sweden, estimated at between 1,700 and 2,500 (depending on definition). Denmark has 250 runestones, and Norway has 50. There are also runestones in other areas reached by the Viking expansion, especially in the British Isles ( Manx runestones, Page, Raymond I. (1995). Runes and Runic Inscriptions: Collected Essays on Anglo-Saxon and Viking Runes'. Parsons, D. (ed.) Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 207–244 England runestones, Scotland and Ireland) and other islands of the North Atlantic (Faroes, Greenland, but not in Iceland), and scattered examples elsewhere (the Berezan' Runestone in Eastern Europe, Pritsak, O. (1987). ''The Origin of Rus'.'' Cambridge, Mass.: Distributed by Harvard University Press for the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute. Sawyer, Birgit. (2000). The Viking-Age Rune-Stones: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Runic Alphabet
Runes are the letters in a set of related alphabets known as runic alphabets native to the Germanic peoples. Runes were used to write various Germanic languages (with some exceptions) before they adopted the Latin alphabet, and for specialised purposes thereafter. In addition to representing a sound value (a phoneme), runes can be used to represent the concepts after which they are named (ideographs). Scholars refer to instances of the latter as ('concept runes'). The Scandinavian variants are also known as ''futhark'' or ''fuþark'' (derived from their first six letters of the script: '' F'', '' U'', '' Þ'', '' A'', '' R'', and '' K''); the Anglo-Saxon variant is ''futhorc'' or ' (due to sound-changes undergone in Old English by the names of those six letters). Runology is the academic study of the runic alphabets, runic inscriptions, runestones, and their history. Runology forms a specialised branch of Germanic philology. The earliest secure runic inscriptions date from aro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Bammesberger
Alfred Bammesberger (born 25 September 1938 in Munich) is Professor Emeritus of English and Comparative Linguistics at the Catholic University of Eichstätt. Scientific career State examination in English and French 1962–1965, Dr. phil. (Munich 1965), Habilitation (Freiburg 1970). Professor of English and Comparative Linguistics, Catholic University of Eichstätt from 1980, emeritus 2006. Rejected appointments: Münster (1979), Würzburg (1988), Freiburg (1989). Bammesberger is the author of more than 25 scholarly books and numerous essays on historical linguistics, with a focus on Indo-Germanic studies, Old German studies, English studies, and Baltic studies. From 1985 to 2015, Alfred Bammesberger was editor of the journal '' Historische Sprachforschung/Historical Linguistics'' and he is still co-editor of the journal ''Onomasiology Online'' (2022). He is an external member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow. Works (selection) * ''Deverbative jan-Verba d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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