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Kitselas
{{about, the people, the location, Kitselas, British Columbia, their band government, Kitselas First Nation Kitselas, Kitsalas or Gits'ilaasü are one of the 14 tribes of the Tsimshian nation of British Columbia, in northwestern Canada. The original name ''Gits'ilaasü'' means "people of the canyon." The tribe is situated at Kitselas, British Columbia, at the upper end of Kitselas Canyon, which is on the Skeena River. It was once a great trading nexus, just outside and upriver from the city of Terrace. It is the most upriver of the 14 tribes and it borders the territory of the Gitxsan nation. Location Today, the Kitselas people live mostly at two Indian reserves, one, at the Kulspai or Queensway reserve ("New Town"), is just across the river from Terrace. More recently, Kitselas people have begun to repopulate a more traditional and remote site on a bluff overlooking the Canyon, at Gitaus reserve (''Git'aws'' meaning "people of the sand"). Gitaus is gradually becoming the centr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitselas First Nation
Kitselas First Nation is the band government of the Kitselas subgroup of the Tsimshian. The band government is based at Gitaus in the Skeena Valley (near Kitselas, British Columbia, which is named for them) in the Skeena River valley to the northeast of the city of Terrace, British Columbia, Canada. Though there is no Tsimshian tribal council, they are a participant in the Tsimshian First Nations treaty council. History The Kitselas First Nation have inhabited their lands for at least 5,000 years according to archaeological evidence. Their name is derived from Gitselasu which means ‘people of the canyon.’ The language of the Kitselas is Sm’algyax, which is the language for all bands of the Tsimshian Nation. The history of the Kitselas is told through narratives called adawx.Adawx talk about their origins through their perspective. Everyone belonging to the Tsimshian First Nation belongs to a clan or sub-clan. The Kitselas First Nation has four clans: Gispudwada (Killerwh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Wright (oral Historian)
Walter George Wright (died 1949) was a Canadian hereditary chief of the Tsimshian from the community of Kitselas, near Terrace, British Columbia, whose extensive knowledge of oral history was published posthumously in book form as ''Men of Medeek.'' Niistaxo'ok Wright held the name Niistaxo'ok, an hereditary name-title associated with chieftainship of the House of Niistaxo'ok, the clan Gispwudwada (Killerwhale clan) house-group (or matrilineal extended family) of the Gits'ilaasü (a.k.a. Kitselas) tribe. In the Prologue to ''Men of Medeek'' he summarized his chiefly position as follows: "I have 'Power' on both sides of The Big Canyon .e. the Kitselas Canyon On the right hand side I have the power of my Chieftainship. For many generations Neas-D-Hok .e. Niistaxo'okhas had that right. On the left hand side I carry the 'Power' of Neas Hiwas, for in my generation there is no Chief of that name." This is a reference to Niishaywaaxs, a house-chief name belonging to another Kitsel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitselas, British Columbia
Kitselas, also Kitsalas, is an unincorporated settlement, otherwise known as Kitselas Indian Reserve No. 1 of the Kitselas subgroup of the Tsimshian people located on the Skeena River in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. Kitselas means "people of the village at the canyon" in the Tsimshian language. The band government of the Kitselas people is the Kitselas First Nation, headquartered at Gitaus, another location within the canyon. The name is also that of the Canadian National Railway point in this area. It originally was to be named, or was proposed to be named "Vanarsdol" for C.C. Van Arsdoll, an engineer for the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway who was responsible for construction of its route through the Rocky Mountains. His nickname was "Four-tenths Van", earned as a result of his famous ultimatum to surveyors that the grade of the railway route was not to exceed four-tenths of one percent. See also *Kitselas Canyon *Kitselas {{about, the people, the location, Kitse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitselas Canyon
Kitselas Canyon, also Kitsalas Canyon is a stretch of the Skeena River in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, between the community of Usk and the Tsimshian community of Kitselas. It was a major obstacle to steamboat travel on the Skeena River. The canyon is a National Historic Site of Canada. People of the Canyon "Kitselas" or "Gitselasu" means "People of the Canyon". The Kitselas have lived and lived in the canyon for the past 5,000 years. Kitselas is only one of fourteen tribes in the Tsimshian Nation. Tsimshian means "in the entrance to the Ksian". The traditional language of the Tsimshian people is Sm’algyax. There are four main clans in the Tsimshian Nation, the Ghanada (Raven), Gispwuda (Killer whale/ Sea Bear/ Black Fish), Lax’sgiik (Eagle), and the LaxGibu (Wolf). The Killer Whale and the Eagle and the Raven clans lived in the Canyon. There are five main village sites in the canyon. The first established village was the village of Tsunyow which means "The L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laxsgiik
The Laxsgiik (variously spelled) is the name for the Eagle "clan" (phratry) in the language of the Tsimshian nation of British Columbia, Canada, and southeast Alaska. It is considered analogous or identical to identically named groups among the neighboring Gitksan and Nisga'a nations and also to lineages in the Haida nation. The name ''Laxsgiik'' derives from ''xsgiik,'' the word for eagle in the Tsimshian, Gitksan, and Nisga'a languages. The chief crest of the Laxsgiik is the Eagle. Beaver and Halibut are also common Laxsgiik crests. Tsimshian, Gitksan, and Nisga'a matrilineal houses belonging to the Laxsgiik tend to belong to one of two groups, the Gwinhuut and the Gitxon. Gwinhuut The ''Gwinhuut'' (meaning literally "refugees") are according to tradition descended from migrations from the Eagle-clan peoples of the Tlingit nation in what is now Alaska. Gwinhuut houses are more numerous than Gitxon ones, and they are related to various Tlingit Eagle groups. All Gitksan Laxsg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terrace, British Columbia
Terrace is a city located near the Skeena River in British Columbia, Canada. The community is the regional retail and service hub for the northwestern portion of British Columbia. With a current population of over 12,000 within municipal boundaries, the city services surrounding communities as well bringing the Greater Terrace Area population to over 18,000 residents. The Kitselas and Kitsumkalum people, tribes of the Tsimshian Nation, have lived in the Terrace area for thousands of years. The individual Indigenous communities neighbour the city with Kitselas to the east and Kitsumkalum to the west. Terrace was originally called Littleton, but this name was rejected by postal authorities because of possible confusion with Lyttleton, a town in New Brunswick. The new name is descriptive of the manner in which the land rises from the river. As northwest British Columbia's main services and transportation hub, Terrace is intersected by the Canadian National Railway as well as Highway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitsumkalum
Kitsumkalum is an original tribe/ galts'ap (community) of the Tsimshian Nation. Kitsumkalum is one of the 14 tribes of the Tsimshian nation in British Columbia, Canada. Kitsumkalum and is also the name of one of their Indian Reserve just west of the city of Terrace, British Columbia, where the Kitsumkalum River flows into the Skeena River. Archaeological evidence places Kitsumkalum with property holdings (laxyuup/territories) in the Kitsumkalum Valley, down the Skeena River to the coast, the Zymagotitz River, areas around Lakelse Lake and many special sites surrounding coastal and inland areas of the North West Coast prior to 1846 and as far back as 5,000 years BP. The name ''Kitsumkalum,'' originally ''Gitsmgeelm,'' derives from the Tsimshian ''git-'' (people of) and ''-geelm,'' referring to riffles formed by shallow water running over rocks in the Kitsumkalum River. The following house-groups (extended matrilineal families) make up the Kitsumkalum tribe, according to McDonald ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skeena River
The Skeena River is the second-longest river entirely within British Columbia, Canada (after the Fraser River). Since ancient times, the Skeena has been an important transportation artery, particularly for the Tsimshian and the Gitxsan—whose names mean "inside the Skeena River" ,and "people of the Skeena River," respectively. The river and its basin sustain a wide variety of fish, wildlife, and vegetation, and communities native to the area depend on the health of the river. The Tsimshian migrated to the Lower Skeena River, and the Gitxsan occupy territory of the Upper Skeena. During the Omineca Gold Rush, steamboat services ran from the sea to Hazelton, which was the jumping-off point for the trails to the goldfields. The Hudson's Bay Company established a major trading post on the Skeena at what became called Port Simpson, British Columbia (''Lax Kw'alaams''), where nine tribes of the Tsimshian nation settled about 1834. Other tribes live elsewhere in BC, and descendants of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsimshian
The Tsimshian (; tsi, Ts’msyan or Tsm'syen) are an Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Their communities are mostly in coastal British Columbia in Terrace, British Columbia, Terrace and Prince Rupert, British Columbia, Prince Rupert, and Metlakatla, Alaska on Annette Island, the only reservation in Alaska. The Tsimshian estimate there are 45,000 Tsimshian people and approximately 10,000 members are federally registered in eight First Nations communities (including the ''Kitselas,'' ''Kitsumkalum,'' ''Gitxaala,'' ''Gitga'at'' at Hartley Bay, and ''Kitasoo'' at Klemtu) ''Lax Kw'Alaams,'' and ''Metlakatla, BC''. The latter two communities resulted in the colonial intersections of early settlers and consist of Tsimshian people belonging to the 'nine tribes.' The Tsimshian are one of the largest First Nations peoples in northwest British Columbia. Some Tsimshian migrated to the Annette Islands in Alaska, and today ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Essington, British Columbia
Port Essington was a cannery town on the south bank of the Skeena River estuary in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, between Prince Rupert and Terrace, and at the confluence of the Skeena and Ecstall Rivers. It was founded in 1871 by Robert Cunningham and Thomas Hankin (father of the interpreter Constance Cox) and was for a time the largest settlement in the region. During its heyday it was home to an ethnic mix of European-Canadians, Japanese-Canadians, and members of First Nations from throughout the region, especially Tsimshians from the Kitselas and Kitsumkalum tribes. In the Tsimshian language, the site of Port Essington is called ''Spaksuut'' or, in English spelling, "Spokeshute", which means "autumn camping place". This also became the Tsimshian name for the town of Port Essington, and was conferred on Spokeshute Mountain, which stands above and behind the community. It sits on the traditional territory of the Gitzaxłaał tribe, one of the nine Tsimshian tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Beynon
William Beynon (1888–1958) was a Canadian hereditary chief of the Tsimshian Nation and an oral historian; he served as ethnographer, translator, and linguistic consultant to many anthropologists who studied his people. Early life and education Beynon was born 1888 in Victoria, British Columbia, son of a Tsimshian woman of Nisga'a ancestry and "Captain Billy" Beynon, a Welsh steamboat captain. Although some sources describe Beynon as being Nisga'a or matrilineally Nisga'a, his ancestry was more complicated by the colonial interpretation of long standing relationships between nations. Beynon's maternal line descends from members of the Laxgibuu (Wolf clan) of the Nisga'a nation. Members of his line had moved from the Nass River to Port Simpson, British Columbia, coincidentally after nearly the entire mission village of Metlakatla, BC migrated in 1887 to Metlakatla, Alaska following the lay missionary William Duncan. The mission had members from many tribes including the Gitlaan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marius Barbeau
Charles Marius Barbeau, (March 5, 1883 – February 27, 1969), also known as C. Marius Barbeau, or more commonly simply Marius Barbeau, was a Canadian ethnographer and folklorist who is today considered a founder of Canadian anthropology. A Rhodes Scholar, he is best known for an early championing of Québecois folk culture, and for his exhaustive cataloguing of the social organization, narrative and musical traditions, and plastic arts of the Tsimshianic-speaking peoples in British Columbia (Tsimshian, Gitxsan, and Nisga'a), and other Northwest Coast peoples. He developed unconventional theories about the peopling of the Americas. Life and career Youth and education Frédéric Charles Joseph Marius Barbeau was born March 5, 1883, in Sainte-Marie, Quebec. In 1897, he began studies for the priesthood. He did his classical studies at Collège de Ste-Anne-de-la-Pocatière. In 1903 he changed his studies to a law degree at Université Laval, which he received in 1907. He wen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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