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Kiri (tribe)
Kiri is a historical Albanian tribe (''fis'') and ethnographic region located on the eastern side of the upper Kir river in the wider region of Pulti, northern Albania. Etymology The Kiri derive their name from the River Kir which flows through the region of Pulti in northern Albania. The river itself is recorded for the first time in Livy's ''Ab urbe condita'' (written between 27 and 9 BCE) in the form ''Clausula''. It is later recorded in the 5th century ''Tabula Peutingeriana'' as ''Cleusis''. The name appears in later sources from the Middle Ages and into the modern era in the forms of ''Clyre'', ''Chiri'', and ''Kiri''. Geography The lands of the Kiri are largely located on the eastern banks of the upper Kir and include a number of settlements and '' mëhallë'' (quarters): ''Kir'', ''Nonaj'', ''Kasnec'', ''Lekgjonaj'', ''Telash'', ''Aliaj'', ''Palucaj'', ''Shkuq'', ''Gjeshgoraj'', ''Marknonaj'', ''Palnonaj'', ''Petal'', and ''Prangull''. Origins Despite formin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albanian Tribe
The Albanian tribes ( sq, fiset shqiptare) form a historical mode of social organization (''farefisní'') in Albania and the southwestern Balkans characterized by a common culture, often common patrilineal kinship ties tracing back to one progenitor and shared social ties. The ''fis'' ( sq-definite, fisi; commonly translated as "tribe", also as "clan" or "kin" community) stands at the center of Albanian organization based on kinship relations, a concept which can be found among southern Albanians also with the term ''farë'' ( sq-definite, fara). Inherited from ancient Illyrian social structures, Albanian tribal society emerged in the early Middle Ages as the dominant form of social organization among Albanians. The development of feudalism came to both antagonize it, but also slowly integrate aspects of it in Albanian feudal society as most noble families themselves came from these tribes and depended on their support. This process stopped after the Ottoman conquest of Albania a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kosovo
Kosovo ( sq, Kosova or ; sr-Cyrl, Косово ), officially the Republic of Kosovo ( sq, Republika e Kosovës, links=no; sr, Република Косово, Republika Kosovo, links=no), is a partially recognised state in Southeast Europe. It lies at the centre of the Balkans. Kosovo unilaterally declared its independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008, and has since gained diplomatic recognition as a sovereign state by 101 member states of the United Nations. It is bordered by Serbia to the north and east, North Macedonia to the southeast, Albania to the southwest, and Montenegro to the west. Most of central Kosovo is dominated by the vast plains and fields of Dukagjini and Kosovo field. The Accursed Mountains and Šar Mountains rise in the southwest and southeast, respectively. Its capital and largest city is Pristina. In classical antiquity, the central tribe which emerged in the territory of Kosovo were Dardani, who formed an independent polity known as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prekali
Prekali was an Albanian tribe of the Middle Ages. Their origin was probably in the Dukagjin highlands of northern Albania. Since the 16th century, the Prekali tribe gradually became part of other communities in that region. History Prekali was a community based on kinship ties that can be traced back to one progenitor. In that sense, it was a ''bashkësi'' (union of brotherhoods), but not a ''fis'', as for a tribe to be a ''fis'' it has to have exclusive communal property rights in a given territory, which is part of their hereditary community. Their name comes from the Albanian personal name ''Preka''. In the cadaster of Venetian Shkodra, there were two villages named ''Prekal'' on the modern Albania-Montenegro border and most of their inhabitants held the patronymic Prekali, an indication that the villages were communal settlements of this tribe. The village of Gaduçi was also mostly inhabited by this tribe. Prekali nën shkallë, headed by pronoiar Jonema Prekali was near ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukumiri
Bukumiri (alternatively, ''Bukmiri'') was an Albanian tribe (''fis'') that lived in present-day central and south-eastern Montenegro. They were semi-nomadic pastoralists whose social organization was based on kinship around brotherhoods of common patrilineal ancestry. Over time they began to settle permanently and in the 15th and 16th centuries they formed their own settlements mostly in Montenegro, but a few branches also in northern Albania. In later years, branches of Bukumiri are also found in Sandzak and Kosovo. Name The name is a compound of the Albanian words ''bukë'' (bread) and mirë (good). Their name has been interpreted figuratively as an indication of their wealth. Today, in Montenegro their historical presence has been preserved in the toponym of ''Bukumirsko jezero'' (Bukumir lake) on Mt. Komovi, the location ''Bukmira'' (Ulcinj municipality) and the surnames ''Bukumirić'', ''Bukumirović'' and ''Bukumira'' or ''Bukumire''. In Albania, it is preserved in the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanjak Of Scutari
The Sanjak of Scutari or Sanjak of Shkodra ( sq, Sanxhaku i Shkodrës; sr, Скадарски санџак; tr, İskenderiye Sancağı or ''İşkodra Sancağı'') was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire. It was established after the Ottoman Empire acquired Shkodra after the siege of Shkodra in 1478–9. It was part of the Eyalet of Rumelia until 1867, when it became a part, together with the Sanjak of Skopje, of the newly established Scutari Vilayet. In 1912 and the beginning of 1913 it was occupied by members of the Balkan League during the First Balkan War. In 1914 the territory of Sanjak of Scutari became a part of the Principality of Albania, established on the basis of the peace contract signed during the London Conference in 1913. History Background and formation With short interruptions, the territory of northern Albania, including what would become the Sanjak of Scutari, belonged to the Serbian medieval states for many centuries. After the fall of the Ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defter
A ''defter'' (plural: ''defterler'') was a type of tax register and land cadastre in the Ottoman Empire. Description The information collected could vary, but ''tahrir defterleri'' typically included details of villages, dwellings, household heads (adult males and widows), ethnicity/religion (because these could affect tax liabilities/exemptions), and land use. The defter-i hakâni was a land registry, also used for tax purposes. Each town had a defter and typically an officiator or someone in an administrative role to determine whether the information should be recorded. The officiator was usually some kind of learned man who had knowledge of state regulations. The defter was used to record family interactions such as marriage and inheritance. These records are useful for historians because such information allows for a more in-depth understanding of land ownership among Ottomans. This is particularly helpful when attempting to study the daily affairs of Ottoman citizens. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Nopcsa Von Felső-Szilvás
Baron Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás (also Baron Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás, Baron Nopcsa, Ferenc Nopcsa, báró felsőszilvási Nopcsa Ferenc, Baron Franz Nopcsa, and Franz Baron Nopcsa; May 3, 1877 – April 25, 1933) was a Hungarian Aristocracy (class), aristocrat, adventurer, scholar, geologist, Paleontology, paleontologist and albanologist. He is widely regarded as one of the founders of paleobiology, and first described the theory of insular dwarfism. He was also a specialist on Albanology, Albanian studies and completed the first geological map of northern Albania. The essay, first published on Elsie's website, is the basis for the "Introduction" to Nopcsa's memoirs titled ''Traveler, Scholar, Political Adventurer'' (2014) edited by Robert Elsie. Life Nopcsa was born in 1877 in Déva, Transylvania, Kingdom of Hungary (today Deva, Romania), to the Hungarian nobility, Hungarian Nopcsa Aristocracy (class), aristocratic family of Romanians in Hungary, Romanian origin. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montenegro
) , image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Podgorica , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Montenegrin , languages2_type = Languages in official use , languages2 = , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = 2011 , religion = , religion_year = 2011 , demonym = Montenegrin , government_type = Unitary parliamentary republic , leader_title1 = President , leader_name1 = Milo Đukanović , leader_title2 = Prime Minister , leader_name2 = Dritan Abazović (acting) , leader_title3 = Speaker , leader_name3 = Danijela Đurović , legislature = Skupština , sovereignty_type = Establishment history , established_event1 = Principality of Duklja , established_date1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuči (tribe)
Kuči ( cyrl, Кучи, alternatively, Kuçi in Albanian; ) is a historical tribe (''pleme'') of Albanian origin and a region in central and eastern Montenegro, north-east of Podgorica, extending along the border with Albania. Its historical center is the village of Medun. The name "Kuči" first appears in historical record in 1330 in an anthroponym from an Albanian katun which was under the juridiction of the Dečani Monastery. The region itself is first mentioned in 1485 as a nahiyah of the Sandjak of Shkodra. Over time, several waves of settlers came to populate the region and form the historical community of Kuči. The region is known for its resistance against Ottoman rule and its key role in the creation of modern Montenegro. Until the 17th century, the Kuči region was equally Orthodox and Catholic. Today, it is mostly Orthodox except for the Catholic community of Koja. Muslim converts appear since 1485. In the 17th and 18th centuries, both voluntarily and non-voluntar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drekalovići
The Drekalovići ( cyrl, Дрекаловићи; sq, Ndrekalorë) are a historical union of brotherhoods of Kuči with an Albanian origin. Their patron saint ( slava) is St. Nicholas (Nikoljdan). They were part of a wave of settlement in the mid 16th century in the area of Kuči, and came to form an important part of it. Unlike the brotherhoods that form Old Kuči (the families that already lived in the area before their arrival) the Drekalovići all claim ancestry from a single ancestor, Drekale after whom they are named. Originally, a Catholic and Albanian-speaking tribe, they gradually became Orthodox and Slavic-speaking, in particular after the conversion of their leader Lale Drekalov in the 17th century when Rufim Njeguš was Metropolitan of Cetinje.Ivan Jovović, 2013, Dvooltarske crkve na crnogorskom primorju, https://www.maticacrnogorska.me/files/53/06%20ivan%20jovovic.pdf #page= 69 The Drekalovići marry within Kuči, but historically form no marriage with Beris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Valentini (albanologist)
Giuseppe Valentini ( al, Zef Valentini; July 1900 - 16 November 1979) was an Italian priest and albanologist of the 20th century. Biography Giuseppe Valentini was born in 1900 in Padova where he studied theology as a Jesuit priest. In 1922 he moved to Albania as a missionary and actively participated in magazines such as ''Lajmetari i Zemres s'Jezu Krishtit'', and ''Leka'', which he directed since 1932. During World War II he became a professor of the Albanian language in the University of Palermo. Valentini is the author of several important works on Albanian history, law, numismatics, and sacred art. In 1940 Valentini was one of the founders and general secretary of the Royal Institute of the Albanian Studies, the predecessor institute of the Academy of Sciences of Albania The Academy of Sciences of Albania ( sq, Akademia e Shkencave e Shqipërisë), founded in 1972, is the most important scientific institution in Albania. In the 1980s, several research institutes began a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peja
Peja ( Indefinite Albanian form: ''Pejë'' ) or Peć ( sr-Cyrl, Пећ ) is the fourth largest city of Kosovo and seat of Peja Municipality and Peja District. It is situated in the region of Rugova on the eastern section of the Accursed Mountains along Peja's Lumbardh in the western part of Kosovo. In medieval times the city, then commonly known under its Serbian name, was the seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church in 1346. The Patriarchal monastery of Peć is a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Medieval Monuments in Kosovo. Under Ottoman rule the city, then commonly known under the Turkish name ''İpek'', became a district capital with mosques and civil architecture. From the end of the nineteenth century until today, the city has been the site of nationalist aspirations and claims for both ethnic Albanians and Serbs, often resulting in tense inter-ethnic relations and conflict. According to the 2011 census, the city of Peja has 48,962 inhabitants, while the municipal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
