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Kiiu
Kiiu is a small borough ( et, alevik) in Kuusalu Parish, Harju County, northern Estonia. It has a population of 859 (as of 1 January 2012). Kiiu Tower Kiiu (german: Kida) tower is a medieval defensive tower house of a type found also elsewhere in the Baltic region and sometimes referred to as a "vassal castle". This type of fortification was not intended to be used in any major military operations. Other examples in Estonia include Vao tower and Purtse Castle. Kiiu tower was probably built around 1520 by the local lord of the manor Fabian von Tiesenhausen. Originally the tower was surrounded by a limestone wall and outbuildings, forming a courtyard. The tower itself is conical and four storeys high. Only the second storey was intended to be used as living quarters in times of war or unrest. On this floor, a bed alcove is found in the wall, as well as a fireplace and latrine which are also present on the other storeys. All the other storeys had purely defensive purposes, includi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuusalu Parish
Kuusalu Parish ( et, Kuusalu vald) is a rural municipality in northern Estonia, the largest in Harju County. After joining with the adjacent Loksa Parish in 2005, the municipality has now a population of 6,863 (as of 1 January 2009) and covers an area of . The population density is 9.7 inhabitants per km2. A significant share of the municipality's territory (between 40% and 60%) is covered by protected areas, as large parts of the Lahemaa National Park and Põhja-Kõrvemaa Nature Reserve are situated there. The eastern part of the municipality is home to the largest military training area in Estonia, the central training area of Estonian Defence Forces. The administrative centre of the municipality is Kiiu. There is a total of 3 small boroughs — Kuusalu (1225 inhabitants), Kiiu (893 inhabitants) and Kolga (501 inhabitants) — and 64 villages in Kuusalu Parish: Allika, Andineeme, Aru, Haavakannu, Hara, Hirvli, Ilmastalu, Joaveski, Juminda, Kaberla, Kahala, Kalme, K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Castles In Estonia ...
This is a list of castles in Estonia. This list does not include palaces and manor houses, which are listed in a separate article. Castles of the Teutonic Order Castles of the Bishopric of Dorpat Castles of the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek Castles of the Bishopric of Reval Other castles See also *List of castles *List of palaces and manor houses in Estonia *List of palaces and manor houses in Latvia {{Châteaux * Estonia Castles Estonia Castles A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders. Scholars debate the scope of the word ''castle'', but usually consider it to be the private fortified ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tower House
A tower house is a particular type of stone structure, built for defensive purposes as well as habitation. Tower houses began to appear in the Middle Ages, especially in mountainous or limited access areas, in order to command and defend strategic points with reduced forces. At the same time, they were also used as an aristocrat's residence, around which a castle town was often constructed. Europe After their initial appearance in Ireland, Scotland, the Stins, Frisian lands, Basque Country (greater region), Basque Country and England during the High Middle Ages, tower houses were also built in other parts of western Europe, especially in parts of France and Italy. In Italian medieval communes, urban ''palazzi'' with a very tall tower were increasingly built by the local highly competitive Patrician (post-Roman Europe), patrician families as power centres during times of internal strife. Most north Italian cities had a number of these by the end of the Middles Ages, but few no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vao, Lääne-Viru County
Vao is a village in Väike-Maarja Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia. Since 2014, Vao is the location of Vao Accommodation Centre, an accommodation centre for asylum seekers. Since the European migrant crisis has gained wide media attention in Estonia, Vao Centre has become the site of demonstrations against refugees. On 3 September 2015, the external wall of the center was set to fire. No one was hurt in the incident. Vao Castle Vao (german: Wack) castle is a well-preserved medieval tower fortress. It was built in the later half of the 14th century as a so-called "vassal castle", i.e. a smaller fortress built to keep control in areas where large strongholds were not needed. Other notable examples of such castles in Estonia are Purtse and Kiiu castles. In 1442, the castle belonged to the family Wack. Subsequently it has belonged to various aristocratic families. In the 1770s the tower was certainly no longer used a manor, since at this time a new baroque manor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Municipalities Of Estonia
A municipality ( et, omavalitsus, plural ) is the smallest administrative subdivision of Estonia. Each municipality is a unit of self-government with its representative and executive bodies. The municipalities in Estonia cover the entire territory of the country. Municipalities in Estonia are of two types: *Urban municipalities or towns (, singular ) *Rural municipalities or Parish (administrative division), parishes (, singular ). There is no other status distinction between them. Municipalities may contain one or several Populated places in Estonia, settlements. All but 5 urban municipalities (Haapsalu (urban municipality), Haapsalu, Narva-Jõesuu (urban municipality), Narva-Jõesuu, Paide (urban municipality), Paide, Pärnu (urban municipality), Pärnu and Tartu (urban municipality), Tartu) plus 1 rural municipality (Ruhnu Parish, Ruhnu) contain only one settlement. As of 2017, there are no longer any "borough-parishes", i.e. rural municipalities with only one borough-typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villem Raam
Villem is an Estonian language, Estonian masculine given name. It is a cognate of the English language William (given name), William and the German Wilhelm (name), Wilhelm and may refer to: *Villem Gross (1922–2001), Estonian writer and journalist *Villem Grünthal-Ridala (1885–1942), Estonian poet, translator, linguist and folklorist *Villem Kapp (1913–1964), Estonian composer *Villem Maaker (1891–1966), Estonian politician *Villem Maasik (1883–1919), Estonian lawyer, trade unionist, and politician *Villem Orav (1883-1952), Estonian historian, teacher, and scholar of pedagogy *Villem Raam (1910-1996), Estonian art historian, art critic and conservator-restorer *Villem Reimann (1906–1992), Estonian composer and pedagogue *Villem Tammai (1892–1973), Estonian politician *Villem Tomiste (born 1975), Estonian architect {{Given name Estonian masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livonian War
The Livonian War (1558–1583) was the Russian invasion of Old Livonia, and the prolonged series of military conflicts that followed, in which Tsar Ivan the Terrible of Russia (Muscovy) unsuccessfully fought for control of the region (present-day Estonia and Latvia). The Tsardom of Russia (Muscovy) faced a varying coalition of the Dano-Norwegian Realm, the Kingdom of Sweden, and the Union (later Commonwealth) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland. From 1558 to 1578, Russia controlled the greater part of the region with early military successes at Dorpat (Tartu) and Narwa (Narva). The dissolution of the Livonian Confederation brought Poland–Lithuania into the conflict, and Sweden and Denmark intervened between 1559 and 1561. Swedish Estonia was established despite continuing attacks from Russia, and Frederick II of Denmark bought the old Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek, which he placed under the control of his brother Magnus of Holstein. Magnus attemp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoarding (castles)
A hoard or hoarding was a temporary wooden shed-like construction on the exterior of a castle during a siege that enabled the defenders to improve their field of fire along the length of a wall and, most particularly, directly downwards towards the bottom of the wall.Hull, Lisa E (2006)''Britain's Medieval Castles'' Praeger Publishers, (p. 67) The latter function was the purpose of the invention of machicolations, which were an improvement on hoardings, not least because masonry is fire proof. Machicolations are also permanent and always ready for a siege. It is suspected that hoardings were stored as prefabricated elements in peacetime. Construction of hoardings was often facilitated by putlog holes, sockets that were left in the masonry of castle walls for wooden joists called "putlogs". However, some hoardings were supported on permanent stone corbels. Some medieval hoardings have survived, including examples on the north tower of Stokesay Castle, England, and the keep of L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Embrasure
An embrasure (or crenel or crenelle; sometimes called gunhole in the domain of gunpowder-era architecture) is the opening in a battlement between two raised solid portions (merlons). Alternatively, an embrasure can be a space hollowed out throughout the thickness of a wall by the establishment of a bay. This term designates the internal part of this space, relative to the closing device, door or window. In fortification this refers to the outward splay of a window or of an arrowslit on the inside. In ancient military engineering, embrasures were constructed in towers and walls, in particular between the merlons and the battle. A loophole, arrow loop or arrowslit passes through a solid wall, and thus forms an embrasure of shooting, allowing archer or gunner weapons to be fired out from the fortification while the firer remains under cover. This type of opening was flared inward - that is: the opening was very narrow on the outside, but wide on the inside, so that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Purtse Castle
Purtse Castle ( et, Purtse mõis, german: Alt-Isenhof) is a castle of a local Purtse knight manor in Purtse, northeastern Estonia. It was built in the middle of the 16th century, probably by the landowner Johann von Taube, at a time when late Gothic ways of building were slowly being abandoned in favour of Renaissance ideas. The building therefore contains partly elements which were archaic even for its time, and partly examples of renaissance architecture. History The castle was built as a fortified manor house, different from a purely defensive keep in that the floors have not only one but several rooms. It consists of three storeys: the lower was used for storage, the middle for living and the top floor had a defensive function. The building was entered on the second floor via a ladder which could, in times of danger, be pulled up. Inside, the basement contained a sophisticated hypocaust system which could be used for heating the main hall on the middle floor. During the cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populated Places In Estonia
Populated places in Estonia (officially: settlement units), are cities or settlement units of rural municipalities, but only cities have administrative functions. Settlement units are divided into settlements and urban regions et, asum (subdivisions of cities). Officially there are five types of settlement units in Estonia: *town/city ( et, linn) *town without municipal status () *borough () *small borough () *village () See also * Municipalities of Estonia *List of cities and towns in Estonia *Counties of Estonia Counties ( et, maakond, plural ') are the first-level administrative subdivisions of Estonia. Estonian territory is composed of 15 counties, including 13 on the mainland and 2 on islands. The government (') of each county is led by a ' (gover ... Notes External links Place Names Board of Estonia [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Sovereign States
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 206 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 UN member states, 2 UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and 11 other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (16 states, of which there are 6 UN member states, 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and 9 de facto states), and states having a special political status (2 states, both in free association with New Zealand). Compiling a list such as this can be a complicated and controversial process, as there is no definition that is binding on all the members of the community of nations concerni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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