Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation
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Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation
Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation (KOFN; also known as Riding Mountain Band, oj, Giizhigowininiing) is a First Nations community primarily located on Keeseekoowenin 61 (Indian Reserve 61A), situated near Elphinstone, Manitoba, south of Riding Mountain National Park. The reserve is surrounded by territory of the Rural Municipality of Yellowhead, in whose northeastern portion it lies. The KOFN also two smaller reserves: IR 61A, which is located within Riding Mountain National Park, on the northwest shore of Clear Lake; and IR 61B, which is located between the two other reserves by Bottle Lake. Origins The reserve was established around Riding Mountain House, a trading post of the Hudson's Bay Company that operated from 1860 until 1895. The Keeseekoowenin Ojibway, also known as Riding Mountain Band, signed Treaty 2 with the Government of Canada on 21 August 1871. The group takes their name from Keeseekoowenin, who was Chief when they moved to the reserve in 1875. In 1935, the ...
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Indian Reserve
In Canada, an Indian reserve (french: réserve indienne) is specified by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." Indian reserves are the areas set aside for First Nations, an indigenous Canadian group, after a contract with the Canadian state ("the Crown"), and are not to be confused with land claims areas, which involve all of that First Nations' traditional lands: a much larger territory than any reserve. Demographics A single "band" (First Nations government) may control one reserve or several, while other reserves are shared between multiple bands. In 2003, the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs stated there were 2,300 reserves in Canada, comprising . According to Statistics Canada in 2011, there are more than 600 First Nations/Indian bands in Canada and 3,100 Indian reserves across Canada. Examples include the Driftpile First Nation, wh ...
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Rural Municipality Of Yellowhead
The Rural Municipality of Yellowhead is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Manitoba. History The municipality was incorporated on January 1, 2015 via the amalgamation of the Municipality of Shoal Lake and the RM of Strathclair. It was formed as a requirement of ''The Municipal Amalgamations Act'', which required that municipalities with a population less than 1,000 amalgamate with one or more neighbouring municipalities by 2015. The Government of Manitoba initiated these amalgamations in order for municipalities to meet the 1997 minimum population requirement of 1,000 to incorporate a municipality. Communities * Elphinstone * Oakburn * Shoal Lake * Strathclair Demographics In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada Statistics Canada (StatCan; french: Statistique Canada), formed in 1971, is the agency of the Government of Canada commissioned with producing statistics to help better understand Canada, its population, reso ...
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Little Saskatchewan River
The Little Saskatchewan River is a river in western Manitoba. It originates in Riding Mountain National Park at Lake Audy and flows about south through the communities of Minnedosa and Rapid City. Its approximate length is 185 km. It joins the Assiniboine River about west of Brandon. The watershed has an area of . The watershed includes numerous lakes and three man made reservoirs (Minnedosa Lake, Rapid City Reservoir and Lake Wahtopanah. In 1911 the Geographic Board of Canada adopted the name Minnedosa River but restored the original name in 1978. Some early settlers to the area arrived when the river was in flood and thought it was the Saskatchewan River The Saskatchewan River (Cree: ''kisiskāciwani-sīpiy'', "swift flowing river") is a major river in Canada. It stretches about from where it is formed by the joining together of the North Saskatchewan and South Saskatchewan Rivers to Lake Winn .... The maximum mean daily discharge near Rivers, Manitoba was per ...
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Valley
A valley is an elongated low area often running between Hill, hills or Mountain, mountains, which will typically contain a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over a very long period. Some valleys are formed through erosion by glacier, glacial ice. These glaciers may remain present in valleys in high mountains or polar areas. At lower latitudes and altitudes, these glaciation, glacially formed valleys may have been created or enlarged during ice ages but now are ice-free and occupied by streams or rivers. In desert areas, valleys may be entirely dry or carry a watercourse only rarely. In karst, areas of limestone bedrock, dry valleys may also result from drainage now taking place cave, underground rather than at the surface. Rift valleys arise principally from tectonics, earth movements, rather than erosion. Many different types of valleys are described by geographers, using terms th ...
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Land Claim
A land claim is defined as "the pursuit of recognized territorial ownership by a group or individual". The phrase is usually only used with respect to disputed or unresolved land claims. Some types of land claims include aboriginal land claims, Antarctic land claims, and post-colonial land claims. Land claims is sometimes used as a term when referring to disputed territories like Western Sahara or to refer to the claims of displaced persons. In the colonial times of the United States American men could claim a piece of land for themselves and the claim has different level of merit according to the de facto conditions: # claim without any action on the ground # claim with (movable) property of the claimant on the ground # claim with the claimant visiting the land # claim with claimant living on the land. Today, only small areas of unclaimed land remain, yet large plots of land with little economical value (e.g., in Alaska) can still be bought for very low prices. Also, in certai ...
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Keeseekoowenin
Keeseekoowenin (c. 1818 – 10 April 1906) was a First Nations leader during the period when Canada was expanding into the prairie provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Origins Keeseekoowenin (''Giizhigowinin'', "Sky-man") was born around 1818 in the Bow River area of what is now the province of Alberta. His father was Chief Okanase (''Okanens''), meaning "Little Bone", also known as Michael Cardinal, of the Saulteaux branch of the Ojibwe people. His father's band were fur traders who had drifted westwards from Quebec to the Rocky Mountains over several generations. His mother was of mixed Orkney and native American ancestry. Several of Chief Okanase's sons became prominent leaders on the prairies. Some traditions say that Chief Okanase's sister was wife of the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) trader George Flett. Their son George Flett later became a Presbyterian missionary attached to Keeseekoowenin's band. Certainly Keeseekoowenin and Flett's mother were related. Family t ...
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Government Of Canada
The government of Canada (french: gouvernement du Canada) is the body responsible for the federal administration of Canada. A constitutional monarchy, the Crown is the corporation sole, assuming distinct roles: the executive, as the ''Crown-in-Council''; the legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its p ..., as the ''Crown-in-Parliament''; and the courts, as the ''Crown-on-the-Bench''. Three institutions—the Privy Council ( conventionally, the Cabinet); the Parliament of Canada; and the Judiciary of Canada, judiciary, respectively—exercise the powers of the Crown. The term "Government of Canada" (french: Gouvernement du Canada, links=no) more commonly refers specifically to the executive—Minister of the Crown, ministers of the Crown (the Cabinet) and th ...
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Hudson's Bay Company
The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC; french: Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson) is a Canadian retail business group. A fur trading business for much of its existence, HBC now owns and operates retail stores in Canada. The company's namesake business division is Hudson's Bay, commonly referred to as The Bay ( in French). After incorporation by English royal charter in 1670, the company functioned as the ''de facto'' government in parts of North America for nearly 200 years until the HBC sold the land it owned (the entire Hudson Bay drainage basin, known as Rupert's Land) to Canada in 1869 as part of the Deed of Surrender, authorized by the Rupert's Land Act 1868. At its peak, the company controlled the fur trade throughout much of the English- and later British-controlled North America. By the mid-19th century, the company evolved into a mercantile business selling a wide variety of products from furs to fine homeware in a small number of sales shops (as opposed to trading posts) acros ...
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Riding Mountain House
Riding Mountain House was a Hudson's Bay Company trading post set up to the south of what is now the Riding Mountain National Park, on the Little Saskatchewan River. It was built in 1860 and maintained until 1895, by which time there was little remaining trade in furs. It was near modern-day Elphinstone, Manitoba. The Hudson's Bay Company established the post for the purpose of trading with the Ojibwe people led by Chief Okanase and then by Chief Keeseekoowenin. The Keeseekooweenin First Nation owns the reserve where Riding Mountain House once stood. In 1875, the band was offered the choice of staying at Riding Mountain House or moving to Dauphin Lake, with fourteen heads of families voting to stay and nine to move to Dauphin Lake. The advantage of Dauphin Lake was that it had better hunting and fishing, and was more isolated from European settlement. However, those who wanted to stay had built houses, cleared and fenced land and were raising good crops of potatoes, wheat, barley a ...
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Clear Lake (Riding Mountain National Park, Manitoba)
Clear Lake may refer to: Inhabited places Canada *Clear Lake, Ontario (other) *Wasagaming, Manitoba, also known as Clear Lake United States *Clear Lake, Illinois *Clear Lake, Indiana *Clear Lake, Iowa * Clear Lake, Minnesota * Clear Lake, Oregon * Clear Lake, South Dakota, city in Deuel County *Clear Lake, Marshall County, South Dakota, census-designated place *Clear Lake, Texas, in Collin County *Clear Lake (region), near Galveston Bay, Texas *Clear Lake City (Greater Houston), Texas * Clear Lake, Pierce County, Washington *Clear Lake, Skagit County, Washington *Clear Lake, Wisconsin * Clear Lake (town), Wisconsin * Clear Lake Shores, Texas, in Galveston County *Clear Lake Township (other) Lakes United States *Clear Lake (California) * Clear Lake (Orlando, Florida) * Clear Lake (Iowa) *Clear Lake (Maine) *Clear Lake (Michigan), an index of lakes in Michigan named Clear Lake *Clear Lake (Meeker County, Minnesota) *Clear Lake (New York) *Clear Lake (Herkimer Coun ...
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Riding Mountain National Park
Riding Mountain National Park is a national park in Manitoba, Canada. The park is located within Treaty 2 Territory and sits atop the Manitoba Escarpment. Consisting of a protected area , the forested parkland stands in sharp contrast to the surrounding prairie farmland. It was designated a national park because it protects three different ecosystems that converge in the area; grasslands, upland boreal and eastern deciduous forests. It is most easily reached by Manitoba Highway 10, Highway 10 which passes through the park. The south entrance is at the townsite of Wasagaming, Manitoba, Wasagaming, which is the only commercial centre within the park boundaries. History Indigenous peoples For several thousand years, First Nation peoples have lived in the Riding Mountain region. It has been home to the Cree, the Assiniboines, and later to the Ojibway. The Ojibway still live in the area today. The Okanese Band, now called the Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation, lived in the ar ...
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Provinces And Territories Of Canada
Within the geographical areas of Canada, the ten provinces and three territories are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America—New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (which upon Confederation was divided into Ontario and Quebec)—united to form a federation, becoming a fully independent country over the next century. Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times as it has added territories and provinces, making it the world's second-largest country by area. The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the ''Constitution Act, 1867'' (formerly called the ''British North America Act, 1867''), whereas territorial governments are creatures of statute with powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada. The powers flowing from t ...
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