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Kawal (food)
''Kawal'' is food made of Fermentation, fermented leaves used as a meat substitute indigenous to western Sudan, in particular the Kordofan and Darfur provinces, and eastern Chad. In urban areas, it is used as a condiment, similarly to black pepper. It is also used by low-income families as a primary protein source, substituting or extending meat or fish in stews and sauces. It is created from the fermented leaves of ''Cassia obtusifolia'', a toxic wild legume also known as the ''kawal'' plant. It has a pungent odor which persists on the hands; it is said that "when you eat [''kawal''] with your right hand, you smell it on your left." For this reason, the elite of Sudan consider it a low-status food. In spite of this, ''kawal'' has spread across Sudan, possibly due to the plant's ability to grow vigorously in a variety of environments. Similar fermented meat substitutes found in this region include ''furundu'', which is made from the seeds of ''Hibiscus sabdariffa'', and ''sigda' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fermentation
Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. In biochemistry, it is narrowly defined as the extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen. In food production, it may more broadly refer to any process in which the activity of microorganisms brings about a desirable change to a foodstuff or beverage. The science of fermentation is known as zymology. In microorganisms, fermentation is the primary means of producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the degradation of organic nutrients anaerobically. Humans have used fermentation to produce foodstuffs and beverages since the Neolithic age. For example, fermentation is used for preservation in a process that produces lactic acid found in such sour foods as pickled cucumbers, kombucha, kimchi, and yogurt, as well as for producing alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer. Fermentation also occurs within the gastrointestinal tracts of all a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
