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Kawachi-Nagano
is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 101,649 in 47493 households and a population density of 930 persons per km². The total area of the city is . Geography Kawachinagano is located in the southeastern part of Osaka prefecture, separated from Nara and Wakayama Prefectures by the Izumi Mountains and Mount Kongō. The city is roughly triangular in area with the apex at the north. Approximately 70 percent of the city area is forested, and there are two major rivers: the Ishikawa (the larger) and the Amamigawa (a tributary of the Yamato River). In the southern foothills, the tourist name "Okukawachi" is used, and there are many historical sites and buildings. The city center it is about 30 minutes to Namba Station in central Osaka and about one hour to Kansai International Airport. Much of the city is within the borders of the Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park. Neighboring municipalities Osaka Prefecture *Sakai * Izumi * Ōsa ...
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Osaka Prefecture
is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Osaka Prefecture has a population of 8,778,035 () and has a geographic area of . Osaka Prefecture borders Hyōgo Prefecture to the northwest, Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Nara Prefecture to the southeast, and Wakayama Prefecture to the south. Osaka is the capital and largest city of Osaka Prefecture, and the List of cities in Japan, third-largest city in Japan, with other major cities including Sakai, Higashiōsaka, and Hirakata. Osaka Prefecture is the third-most-populous prefecture, but by geographic area the second-smallest; at it is the second-most densely populated, below only Tokyo. Osaka Prefecture is one of Japan's two "Fu (country subdivision), urban prefectures" using the designation ''fu'' (府) rather than the standard ''Prefectures of Japan#Types of prefecture, ken'' for prefectures, along with Kyoto Prefecture. Osaka Prefecture forms the center of the Keihanshin metropolitan ar ...
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Cities Of Japan
A is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as and , with the difference that they are not a component of . Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947. City status Article 8 of the Local Autonomy Law sets the following conditions for a municipality to be designated as a city: *Population must generally be 50,000 or greater (原則として人口5万人以上) *At least 60% of households must be established in a central urban area (中心市街地の戸数が全戸数の6割以上) *At least 60% of households must be employed in commerce, industry or other urban occupations (商工業等の都市的業態に従事する世帯人口が全人口の6割以上) *Any other conditions set by prefectural ordinance must be satisfied (他に当該都道府県の条例で定める要件を満たしていること) The designation is approved by the prefectural governor and the Minister for Internal ...
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Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park
is a Quasi-National Park in Nara, Ōsaka, and Wakayama Prefectures, Japan. It was established in 1958. Places of interest * Mount Ikoma, Mount Kongō, , , Hōzan-ji, Taima-dera, , the burial place of Shōtoku Taishi, the ruins of , Chihaya Castle Related municipalities * Nara: Gojō, Gose, Heguri, Ikoma, Kashiba, Katsuragi, Sangō * Ōsaka: Izumi, Izumisano, Kaizuka, Kawachinagano, Kishiwada, Sennan (incomplete) * Wakayama: Hashimoto, Katsuragi, Kinokawa See also * List of national parks of Japan and in Japan are places of scenic beauty designated for protection and sustainable usage by the Minister of the Environment under the of 1957. National Parks are designated and in principle managed by the Ministry of the Environment. Quasi-Nat ... References External links * *Map of the parks of Nara Prefecture*Map of the parks of Wakayama Prefecture National parks of Japan Parks and gardens in Osaka Prefecture Parks and gardens in Nara Prefecture Prot ...
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Burial Mounds
A tumulus (plural tumuli) is a mound of Soil, earth and Rock (geology), stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds or ''kurgans'', and may be found throughout much of the world. A cairn, which is a mound of stones built for various purposes, may also originally have been a tumulus. Tumuli are often categorised according to their external apparent shape. In this respect, a long barrow is a long tumulus, usually constructed on top of several burials, such as passage graves. A round barrow is a round tumulus, also commonly constructed on top of burials. The internal structure and architecture of both long and round barrows has a broad range; the categorization only refers to the external apparent shape. The method of may involve a dolmen, a cist, a mortuary enclosure, a mortuary house, or a chamber tomb. Examples of barrows include Duggleby Howe and Maeshowe. Etymology The word ''tumulus'' is Latin for 'mound' or 'small hill', which ...
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Kofun
are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. ''Kofun'' were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century CE.岡田裕之「前方後円墳」『日本古代史大辞典』大和書房、2006年。 The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many ''kofun'' have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (). The Mozu- Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List. Overview The ''kofun tumuli'' have assumed various shapes throughout history. The most common type of ''kofun'' is known as a , which is shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above. There are also circular-type (), "two conjoined rectangles" typed (), and square-type () kofun. Orientation ...
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Japanese Paleolithic
The is the period of human inhabitation in Japan predating the development of pottery, generally before 10,000 BC. The starting dates commonly given to this period are from around 40,000 BC; although any date of human presence before 35,000 BC is controversial, with artifacts supporting a pre-35,000 BC human presence on the archipelago being of questionable authenticity.
Charles T. Keally
The period extended to the beginning of the Mesolithic , or around 14,000 BC. The earliest human bones were discovered in the city of in

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Kawachi Province
was a province of Japan in the eastern part of modern Osaka Prefecture. It originally held the southwestern area that was split off into Izumi Province. It was also known as . Geography The area was radically different in the past, with Kawachi Bay and lake dominating the area over what is now land. ''Chiku'' Kawachi was divided into three : , , and . * The northern county comprised the modern Hirakata, Neyagawa, Kadoma, Moriguchi, Shijōnawate, Daitō, and Katano, Osaka areas. * The central county comprised the modern Higashiōsaka, Yao, and Kashiwara, Osaka areas. * The southern county comprised the modern Sakai's eastern part (all of Higashi-ku and Mihara-ku, and part of Kita-ku), Matsubara, Habikino, Fujiidera, Tondabayashi, Kawachinagano, Ōsakasayama, and Minamikawachi District areas. Development Kawachi province was established in the 7th century. On 11 May 716, the Ōtori, Izumi, and Hine districts were split off to form . In December 720, the and district ...
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Humid Subtropical Climate
A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° and are located poleward from adjacent tropical climates. It is also known as warm temperate climate in some climate classifications. Under the Köppen climate classification, ''Cfa'' and ''Cwa'' climates are either described as humid subtropical climates or warm temperate climates. This climate features mean temperature in the coldest month between (or ) and and mean temperature in the warmest month or higher. However, while some climatologists have opted to describe this climate type as a "humid subtropical climate", Köppen himself never used this term. The humid subtropical climate classification was officially created under the Trewartha climate classification. In this classification, climates are termed humid subtropical when the ...
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Katsuragi, Wakayama
file:Katsuragi Town Hall 01.jpg, 260px, Katsuragi Town Hall is a List of towns in Japan, town located in Ito District, Wakayama, Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 16,170 in 7137 households and a population density of 110 persons per km². The total area of the town is . The town was named after the nearby Mount Izumi Katsuragi, Katsuragi Mountains. Geography Katsuragi is long and narrow from north to south, and is located in the northeastern part of Wakayama prefecture. The Kinokawa River flows from east to west in the former Katsuragi Town area, and the Kishi River flows from east to west in the Shinshiro area at the southernmost tip of the former Katsuragi Town. In addition, the Arita River runs through the former Hanazono village area. The terrain is sandwiched between the Kii Mountains and the Izumi Mountains, forming a basin. Neighboring municipalities Wakayama Prefecture *Hashimoto, Wakayama, Hashimoto *Kinokawa, Wakayama, K ...
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Hashimoto, Wakayama
file:Hashimoto city center area Aerial photograph.2012.jpg, 270px, Hashimoto city center in 2012 aerial photograph is a Cities of Japan, city located in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 61,063 in 27392 households and a population density of 470 persons per km². The total area of the city is . Geography Hashimoto is located near the prefectural border at the northeastern end of Wakayama Prefecture, bordering Kawachinagano in Osaka Prefecture to the north and Gojō, Nara, Gojō in Nara Prefecture to the east. There are also a couple of small exclaves in the neighboring towns of Katsuragi, Wakayama, and Kudoyama, Wakayama, Kudoyama. Because it is close to the plate boundary on the south coast of Honshu, the mountains near Hashimoto are steep; the city is located between the Kongō Range, Kongō Mountains and Kisen Mountains in the north and the Kii Mountains in the south. Hashimoto is on the middle of the Kinokawa River. In addition, Hashimoto ...
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Gojō, Nara
is a city located in Nara Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on October 15, 1957. As of September 30, 2014, the city has an estimated population of 33,283, with 13,742 households. It has a population density of 121.17 persons per km². The total area is 291.98 km². On September 25, 2005, the villages of Nishiyoshino and Ōtō (both from Yoshino District) were merged into Gojō. Geography Located in western Nara Prefecture, the Yoshino River flows through the city. It is surrounded mostly by mountains, although the city hall is located in a flat basin. Situated north of the city hall is Mount Kongō, at 1125 m. Persimmon is a major fruit crop in Gojō.2005.Kangaeru Shakaika Chizu.Tokyo:Yotsuya-Ōtsuka Publishing, p.36 Neighboring municipalities * Nara Prefecture ** Gose ** Ōyodo ** Shimoichi ** Tenkawa ** Kurotaki ** Nosegawa ** Totsukawa ** Kamikitayama * Osaka Prefecture ** Kawachinagano ** Chihayaakasaka * Wakayama Prefecture ** Hashimoto ** Kōya Clima ...
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Chihayaakasaka, Osaka
file:Kusunoki-Masashige-birthplace.jpg, 250px, Kusunoki Masashige's birthplace file:Tanada (Chihayaakasaka, Osaka).jpg, 250px, Rice Terraces near Shimo-Akasaka Castle is a List of villages in Japan, village located in Minamikawachi District, Osaka, Minamikawachi District, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. , the village had an estimated population of 4,970 in 2267 households and a population density of 130 persons per km². The total area of the village is . Geography Chihayaakasaka is located in the far southeast corner of Osaka Prefecture, bordered by the Yoshino, Nara, Yoshino region of Nara to the east. Most of the village area is mountainous and forested, and is within the borders of the Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen Quasi-National Park. Climate Chihayaakasaka has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Chihayaakasaka is 13.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1636 mm wi ...
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