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Kashtiliash III
Kaštiliašu III, inscribed phonetically in cuneiform as m''Kaš-til-ia-šu'', is a possible Kassite king of Babylonia in the 15th century BC (Short Chronology). He is known only from the Assyrian Synchronistic King List,Synchronistic King List, Ass 14616c, KAV 216 eidner, AfO 3, line 21’. a copy of a monumental inscription,Moussaieff no. 254 Kaštiliašu Royal Inscription. which gives his genealogy, and references in the Chronicle of Early Kings.Chronicle of Early Kings, BM 96152 (1902-4-12, 264) tablet B, reverse lines 13 and 15. Sources Evidence of Kaštiliašu's kingship is somewhat circumstantial. He may be the person indicated on line 21’The apostrophe designates a reconstructed line designation. of the Synchronistic King List where he is placed opposite Assyrian king Aššur-nārāri I and is preceded by a lacuna and superseded by a poorly preserved name which is not thought to be '' Ulam-Buriaš''. Two passages in the Chronicle of Early Kings mention Kaštiliašu: "U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Kings Of Babylon
The king of Babylon (Akkadian: ''šakkanakki Bābili'', later also ''šar Bābili'') was the ruler of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Babylon and its kingdom, Babylonia, which existed as an independent realm from the 19th century BC to its fall in the 6th century BC. For the majority of its existence as an independent kingdom, Babylon ruled most of southern Mesopotamia, composed of the ancient regions of Sumer and Akkad. The city experienced two major periods of ascendancy, when Babylonian kings rose to dominate large parts of the Ancient Near East: the First Babylonian Empire (or Old Babylonian Empire, 1894/1880–1595 BC) and the Second Babylonian Empire (or Neo-Babylonian Empire, 626–539 BC). Many of Babylon's kings were of foreign origin. Throughout the city's nearly two-thousand year history, it was ruled by kings of native Babylonian (Akkadian), Amorite, Kassite, Elamite, Aramean, Assyrian, Chaldean, Persian, Greek and Parthian origin. A king's cultural and ethnic bac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burnaburiash I
Burna-Buriyåš I,For example, inscribed ''Bur-na-Bu-ra-ri-ia-aš'' in a votive inscription of Ula-Burariaš or restored as ''m ur-na-B r -(y)-áš' in tablet A.117. meaning ''servant of the Lord of the lands'', was the first Kassite who really ruled over Babylonia, possibly the first to occupy the city of Babylon proper around 1500 BC, culminating a century of creeping encroachment by the Kassite tribes. He was the 10th king of this dynasty to be listed on the Assyrian ''Synchronistic Kinglist''.A neo-Assyrian ''Synchronistic Kinglist'', A.117, excavation reference Assur 14616c, in the Assur collection of the İstanbul Arkeoloji Műzeleri. Biography At about 1500 BC, Burna-Buriyåš concluded a treaty with Puzur-Aššur III of Assyria, then a small vassal to the Mitanni, taking an oath (or ''itmûma'') to delineate the border between their kingdoms.m''Pu-zur-Aš-šur šar''4 kur''Aš-šur ù'' m''Bur-na-bur- ia-áš šar''4 kur''Kar-du-ni-áš it-mu- ma mi-iṣ- ri ta-ḫu-m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agum III
Agum IIIInscribed mA-gu-um in the ''Chronicle of Early Kings''. was a Kassite king of Babylon ca. mid-15th century BC. Speculatively, he might figure around the 13th position in the dynastic sequence; however, this part of the ''Kingslist A''''Kingslist A'', tablet BM 33332 in the British Museum. has a lacuna, shared with the ''Assyrian Synchronistic Kinglist''.''Kinglist A.117'', Assur 14616c, in the İstanbul Arkeoloji Műzeleri. Agum (usually called Agum III), son of Kaštiliyåš, appears to have been one of the successors to Burna-Buriyåš I, because he is mentioned in the ''Chronicle of Early Kings''''Chronicle of Early Kings'' (ABC 20) tablet BM 96152 in the British Museum, copy B, lines 16 through 18. after Ulam-Buriyåš, who was a son of a Burna-Buriyåš. Although this source does not give him a royal title, it is inconsistent in this regard and does say he called up his own army, ''ummānšu idkēma''. Campaigns Against the Sealand and in Dilmun Little is known a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kassites
The Kassites () were people of the ancient Near East, who controlled Babylonia after the fall of the Old Babylonian Empire c. 1531 BC and until c. 1155 BC (short chronology). They gained control of Babylonia after the Hittite sack of Babylon in 1531 BC, and established a dynasty generally assumed to have been based first in that city, after a hiatus. Later rule shifted to the new city of Dur-Kurigalzu. By the time of Babylon's fall, the Kassites had already been part of the region for a century and a half, acting sometimes with the Babylon's interests and sometimes against. There are records of Kassite and Babylonian interactions, in the context of military employment, during the reigns of Babylonian kings Samsu-iluna (1686 to 1648 BC), Abī-ešuh, and Ammī-ditāna. The origin and classification of the Kassite language, like the Sumerian language and Hurrian language, is uncertain, and, also like the two latter languages, has generated a wide array of speculation over the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuneiform
Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic script that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Middle East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions (Latin: ) which form its signs. Cuneiform was originally developed to write the Sumerian language of southern Mesopotamia (modern Iraq). Cuneiform is the earliest known writing system. Over the course of its history, cuneiform was adapted to write a number of languages in addition to Sumerian. Akkadian texts are attested from the 24th century BC onward and make up the bulk of the cuneiform record. Akkadian cuneiform was itself adapted to write the Hittite language in the early second millennium BC. The other languages with significant cuneiform corpora are Eblaite, Elamite, Hurrian, Luwian, and Urartian. The Old Persian and Ugaritic alphabets feature cuneiform-style signs; however, they are unrelated to the cuneiform lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babylonia
Babylonia (; Akkadian: , ''māt Akkadī'') was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq and parts of Syria). It emerged as an Amorite-ruled state c. 1894 BCE. During the reign of Hammurabi and afterwards, Babylonia was called "the country of Akkad" (''Māt Akkadī'' in Akkadian), a deliberate archaism in reference to the previous glory of the Akkadian Empire. It was often involved in rivalry with the older state of Assyria to the north and Elam to the east in Ancient Iran. Babylonia briefly became the major power in the region after Hammurabi ( fl. c. 1792–1752 BCE middle chronology, or c. 1696–1654 BCE, short chronology) created a short-lived empire, succeeding the earlier Akkadian Empire, Third Dynasty of Ur, and Old Assyrian Empire. The Babylonian Empire rapidly fell apart after the death of Hammurabi and reverted to a small kingdom. Like Assyria, the Babylonian state retained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Short Chronology
The chronology of the ancient Near East is a framework of dates for various events, rulers and dynasties. Historical inscriptions and texts customarily record events in terms of a succession of officials or rulers: "in the year X of king Y". Comparing many records pieces together a relative chronology relating dates in cities over a wide area. For the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC, this correlation is less certain but the following periods can be distinguished: *Early Bronze Age: Following the rise of cuneiform writing in the preceding Uruk period and Jemdet Nasr periods came a series of rulers and dynasties whose existence is based mostly on scant contemporary sources (e.g. En-me-barage-si), combined with archaeological cultures, some of which are considered problematic (e.g. Early Dynastic II). The lack of dendrochronology, astronomical correlations, and sparsity of modern, well-stratified sequences of radiocarbon dates from Southern Mesopotamia makes it difficult to assign abso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chronicle Of Early Kings
The Chronicle of Early Kings, Chronicle 20 in Grayson’s ''Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles'' and Mesopotamian Chronicle 40 in Glassner’s ''Chroniques mésopotamiennes'' is preserved on two tablets, tablet ABM 26472 (98-5-14, 290) tablet A. is well preserved whereas tablet BBM 96152 (1902-4-12, 264) tablet B. is broken and the text fragmentary. Episodic in character, it seems to have been composed from linking together the apodoses of omen literature, excerpts of the Weidner Chronicle and year-names. It begins with events from the late third-millennium reign of Sargon of Akkad and ends, where the tablet is broken away, with that of Agum III, c.a 1500 BC. A third Babylonian Chronicle Fragment B, Mesopotamian Chronicle 41 deals with related subject matter and may be a variant tradition of the same type of work. The text Tablet A begins with a lengthy passage concerning the rise and eventual downfall of Sargon of Akkad, caused by his impious treatment of Babylon: This s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashur-nirari I
Aššur-nārāri I, inscribed m''aš-šur-''ERIM.GABA, "Aššur is my help," was an Old Assyrian king who ruled for 26 years during the mid-second millennium BC, 1547 to 1522 BC. He was the 60th king to be listed on the ''Assyrian Kinglist'' and expanded the titles adopted by Assyrian rulers to include ''muddiš'', "restorer of," and ''bāni'', "builder of," to the traditional epithets ''ensi'', "governor," and ''iššiak'', "vice-regent," of Aššur. Biography He was the son of Išme-Dagān II, and succeeded his brother Šamši-Adad III to the throne, ruling for twenty six years, an identification that all three ''Assyrian Kinglists'' (''Khorsabad'',''Khorsabad Kinglist'', tablet IM 60017 (excavation nos.: DS 828, DS 32-54) ii 36. ''SDAS''''SDAS Kinglist'', tablet IM 60484, ii 28. and ''Nassouhi''''Nassouhi Kinglist'', Istanbul A. 116 (Assur 8836), ii 32.) agree on. The ''Synchronistic Kinglist''''Synchronistic Kinglist'', Ass 14616c, KAV 216, i 21. gives his Babylonian contemp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulamburiash
Ulam-Buriaš, contemporarily inscribed as ''Ú-la-Bu-ra-ra- ia- aš''Mace head VA Bab. 645 (BE 6405) with ten line possession inscription, in the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin. or m''Ú-lam-Bur-áš'' in a later chronicle''Chronicle of Early Kings'', tablets BM 26472 and BM 96152 in the British Museum. and meaning “son of (the Kassite deity) Buriaš”, was a Kassite king of Sealand (cuneiform:LUGAL KUR A. AB.BA, Akkadian: ''šar māt tâmti''), which he conquered during the second half of 16th century BC and may have also become king of Babylon, possibly preceding or succeeding his brother, Kaštiliašu III. His reign marks the point at which the Kassite kingdom extended to the whole of southern Mesopotamia. Biography Confirmation of his provenance comes from an onyx weight, in the shape of a frog, with a cuneiform inscription, “1 shekel, Ulam Buriaš, son of Burna Buriaš”, which was found in a large burial, during excavations of the site of the ancient city of Metsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samsu-Ditana
Samsu-ditāna, inscribed phonetically in cuneiform ''sa-am-su-di-ta-na'' in the seals of his servants, the 11th and last king of the Amorite or First Dynasty of Babylon, reigned for 31 years,BM 33332 Babylonian King List A i 2.BM 38122 Babylonian King List B II. 1625 – 1595 BC (Middle Chronology) or 1562 – 1531 BC (Short Chronology). His reign is best known for its demise with the sudden fall of Babylon at the hands of the Hittites. History He was the great great grandson of Hammurabi and, although the Babylonian kingdom had shrunk considerably since its peak under this illustrious ancestor, it still extended north from Babylon and the Euphrates to Mari and Terqa. For the most part, he appears to have been non-belligerent and content to stay at home at the seat of his kingdom as none of his year names describe the waging of war or the building of monumental edifices. They are about pious gifts to the gods and the erection of statues dedicated to himself. None of his inscriptio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agum II
Agum IIInscribed ''a-gu-um-ka-ak-ri-me'' in his eponymous inscription, elsewhere unattested. (also known as Agum Kakrime) was ''possibly'' a Kassite ruler who may have become the 8th or more likely the 9th king of the third Babylonian dynasty sometime after Babylonia was defeated and sacked by the Hittite king Mursilis IThe Edict of Telepinu §9. in 1595 BC (), establishing the ''Kassite Dynasty'' which was to last in Babylon until 1155 BC. A later tradition, the Marduk Prophecy,The ''Marduk Prophesy'', Tablet K.2158 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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