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Kartlos
Kartlos () is the eponymous ancestor of the Georgians (Kartvelians) in Georgian mythology, more specifically of the nation of Kartli (Caucasian Iberia). Kartlos is introduced in the medieval Georgian Chronicles (''Kartlis Tskhovreba''), presumably recorded from oral tradition by Leonti Mroveli in the 11th century. The legend has it that he was a son of Targamos and, thus, brother of Hayk, Movakos, Lekos, Heros, Kavkasos, and Egros from whom other Caucasian peoples took their origin. Kartlos united his people to become their chieftain and founded the city of Kartli. The oath by the grave of Kartlos was the most important and powerful in Kartli. The sons of Kartlos are listed as: Mtskhetos, Gardabos, Kakhos, Kukhos, Gachios, Uphlos, Odzrkhos, Javakhos, the respective eponymous founders of Mtskheta, Gardabani, Kakheti, Kukheti, Gachiani, Uplistsikhe, Odzrkhe, and Javakheti Javakheti ( ka, ჯავახეთი ) or Javakhk ( hy, Ջավախք, ''Javakhk'') is a his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kartli
Kartli ( ka, ქართლი ) is a historical region in central-to-eastern Georgia traversed by the river Mtkvari (Kura), on which Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, is situated. Known to the Classical authors as Iberia, Kartli played a crucial role in the ethnic and political consolidation of the Georgians in the Middle Ages. Kartli had no strictly defined boundaries and they significantly fluctuated in the course of history. After the partition of the kingdom of Georgia in the 15th century, Kartli became a separate kingdom with its capital at Tbilisi. The historical lands of Kartli are currently divided among several administrative regions of Georgia. The Georgians living in the historical lands of Kartli are known as Kartleli (ქართლელი) and comprise one of the largest geographic subgroups of the Georgian people. Most of them are Eastern Orthodox Christians adhering to the national Georgian Orthodox Church and speak a dialect which is the basis of the modern Georg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucas
Caucas or Kavkasos ( ka, კავკასოსი, tr) was the supposed ancestor of Chechens and Ingush according to ''The Georgian Chronicles''. His story is narrated in the compilation of the medieval Georgian chronicles, '' Kartlis Tskhovreba'', taken down from oral tradition by Leonti Mroveli in the 11th century. The legend has it that he was a son of Targamos and, thus, brother of Hayk (known to be ancestor of Armenian people), Movakos, Lekos (referred to as the ancestor of Lezgic peoples), Heros, Kartlos (known to be ancestor of Georgian people), and Egros. Caucas' son Durdzuk is said to be the ancestor of the Chechens and Ingush. Genealogy Descendants * Nakh (Vainakhs) According to Leonti Mroveli, the 11th-century Georgian chronicler, the word Caucasian is derived from the Nakh peoples The Nakh peoples, also known as ''Vainakh peoples'' (Chechen/Ingush: , apparently derived from Chechen , Ingush "our people"; also Chechen-Ingush), are a group of Caucasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Togarmah
Togarmah (Hebrew: ''Tōgarmā'') is a figure in the "table of nations" in Genesis 10, the list of descendants of Noah that represents the peoples known to the ancient Hebrews. Togarmah is among the descendants of Japheth and is thought to represent some people located in Anatolia. Medieval sources claimed that Togarmah was the legendary ancestor of several peoples of the Caucasus (including Armenians and Georgians) as well as several Turkic peoples. Biblical attestations and historical geography Togarmah is listed in as the third son of Gomer, and grandson of Japheth, brother of Ashkenaz and Riphath. The name is again mentioned in the Book of Ezekiel as a nation from the "far north". mentions Togarmah together with Tubal as supplying soldiers to the army of Gog. mentions Togarmah together with Tubal, Javan and Meshech as supplying horses to the Tyrians. Most scholars identify Togarmah with the capital city called Tegarama by the Hittites and Til-Garimmu by the Assyrians."G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mtskhetos
Mtskhetos ( ka, მცხეთოსი), is an epic hero in Georgian mythology, the son of Kartlos, eponymous ancestor of the Georgians, founder of Mtskheta, the capital of the Georgian Kingdom of Iberia. According to The Georgian Chronicles, Mtskhetos was the strongest warrior among the brothers, all of whom obeyed to him. He was the only son of Kartlos, who stayed to live on the land of his father. At the confluence of rivers Mtkvari and Aragvi Mtskhetos founded the city, which he called after himself, Mtskheta. He conquered the lands to the west till the Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Roma .... Mtskhetos had three sons: Uplos, Odzrkhos and Javakhos. Between them Mtskhetos divided the country. After the death of Mtskhetos, his brothers became hostile to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgians
The Georgians, or Kartvelians (; ka, ქართველები, tr, ), are a nation and indigenous Caucasian ethnic group native to Georgia and the South Caucasus. Georgian diaspora communities are also present throughout Russia, Turkey, Greece, Iran, Ukraine, United States, and European Union. Georgians arose from Colchian and Iberian civilizations of classical antiquity; Colchis was interconnected with the Hellenic world, whereas Iberia was influenced by the Achaemenid Empire until Alexander the Great conquered it. In the 4th century, the Georgians became one of the first to embrace Christianity and now the majority of Georgians are Orthodox Christians, with most following their national autocephalous Georgian Orthodox Church, although there are small Georgian Catholic and Muslim communities as well as a significant number of irreligious Georgians. Located in the Caucasus, on the continental crossroads of Europe and Asia, the High Middle Ages saw Georgian people form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odzrkhe
Odzrkhe or Odzrakhe ( ka, ოძრხე or ) was a historic fortified town and the surrounding area in what is now Abastumani, Adigeni Municipality in Samtskhe-Javakheti region, southern Georgia. History According to medieval Georgian historic tradition, it was founded by the mythic hero Odzrakhos of the Kartlosid line. The ruins of old fortifications are still visible around the site. Odzrkhe or Odzrakhe considered to be the old name of Samtskhe or Meskheti. See also * Byzeres The Byzeres ( grc, Βύζηρες) were a people of the Southern Caucasus mentioned in Urartean sources as ''Uiterukhi'' or ''Uitirukhi''. Sardur II conquered their lands, appointed a deputy and made it a province. According to the Ancient Greek ... References Archaeological sites in Georgia (country) Former provinces of Georgia (country) Former populated places in the Caucasus Historical regions of Georgia (country) Buildings and structures in Samtskhe–Javakheti {{Georgia-ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uplistsikhe
Uplistsikhe ( ka, უფლისციხე ; literally, "the lord's fortress") is an ancient rock-hewn town in eastern Georgia, some 10 kilometers east of the town of Gori, Shida Kartli. Built on a high rocky left bank of the Mtkvari River, it contains various structures dating from the Early Iron Age to the Late Middle Ages, and is notable for the unique combination of various styles of rock-cut cultures from Anatolia and Iran, as well as the co-existence of pagan and Christian architecture.Khimshiashvili (1999)Online version. History Uplistsikhe is identified by archaeologists as one of the oldest urban settlements in Georgia. Strategically located in the heartland of ancient kingdom of Kartli (or Iberia as it was known to the Classical authors), it emerged as a major political and religious center of the country. The town's age and importance led medieval Georgian written tradition to ascribe its foundation to the mythical Uplos, son of Mtskhetos, and grandson of Kartlo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gachiani
Gachiani ( ka, გაჩიანი) was a historical city and district in Lower Iberia/Kvemo Kartli in southeast Georgia. Its exact location and boundaries remain unclear. History The medieval tradition of Leonti Mroveli ascribes the foundation of Gachiani to an eponymous mythic lord, Gachios, son of Kartlos. The 10th-century Armenian historian Ukhtanes of Sebastia places Gachiani (''Gajenaget'') in what he refers to as the Plain of Georgians (''Vrac' Dašt'') and considers it to be a later name of the earlier town of Tsurtavi (''C'urtaw'').Nina G. Garsoïan (1999), ''L'Église arménienne et le grand schisme d'Orient'', p. 340. Peeters Publishers, . On the other hand, the early 18th-century Georgian scholar Prince Vakhushti locates Gachiani on the right bank of the river Ktsia. The land of Gachiani was one of the marshlands between ancient Iberia (Georgia) and Armenia and changed its masters more than once in the course of history. It formed part of the Iberian duchy of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kukheti
Kukheti ( ka, კუხეთი) was a historical region in eastern Georgia, founded by the Georgian ethnarch - Kukhos, son of Kartlos. Initially it was a part of Kartli. It borders with Hereti, Kakheti and Kartli. Later, on the basis of Kukheti, Kakheti and Hereti, one region was formed - called "Kakheti", which was no longer considered as part of "Kartli". The mountain Gareja (2496 m) and David Gareji monastery complex were located in this province.Roin Metrevel David Gareji Monastery Complex – an Integral Part of Ancient Cultural Heritage of GeorgiaBULLETIN OF THE GEORGIAN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, vol. 13, no. 2, 2019 See also *Kakheti Kakheti ( ka, კახეთი ''K’akheti''; ) is a region (mkhare) formed in the 1990s in eastern Georgia from the historical province of Kakheti and the small, mountainous province of Tusheti. Telavi is its capital. The region comprises eigh ... References Former provinces of Georgia (country) Historical reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mtskheta
Mtskheta ( ka, მცხეთა, tr ) is a city in Mtskheta-Mtianeti province of Georgia. It is one of the oldest cities in Georgia as well as one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the World. Itis located approximately north of Tbilisi, at the confluence of the Mtkvari and Aragvi rivers. Currently a small provincial capital, for nearly a millennium until the 5th century AD, Mtskheta was a large fortified city, a significant economical and political centre of the Kingdom of Iberia. Due to the historical significance of the town and its several outstanding churches and cultural monuments, the "Historical Monuments of Mtskheta" became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. As the birthplace and one of the most vibrant centers of Christianity in Georgia, Mtskheta was declared as the "Holy City" by the Georgian Orthodox Church in 2014. In 2016 the Historical Monuments of Mtskheta were placed by UNESCO under Enhanced Protection, a mechanism established by the 1999 Seco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eponymous Ancestor
An origin myth is a myth that describes the origin of some feature of the natural or social world. One type of origin myth is the creation or cosmogonic myth, a story that describes the creation of the world. However, many cultures have stories set in a time after a first origin - such stories aim to account for the beginnings of natural phenomena or of human institutions within a preexisting universe. In Graeco-Roman scholarship, the terms etiological myth and ''aition'' (from the Ancient Greek αἴτιον, "cause") are sometimes used for a myth that explains an origin, particularly how an object or custom came into existence. Nature of origin myths Every origin myth is a tale of creation: origin myths describe how some reality came into existence.Eliade, p. 21 In many cases, origin myths also justify the established order by explaining that it was established by sacred forces (see section on "Social function" below). The distinction between cosmogonic myths and origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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