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Karpaty Army
Karpaty Army ( pl, Armia Karpaty, , Carpathian Army) was formed on 11 July 1939 under Major General Kazimierz Fabrycy after Nazi Germany created a puppet state of Slovakia and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was proclaimed after the events that lead to the breakup of Czechoslovakia. According to Polish historians Czesław Grzelak and Henryk Stańczyk, it consisted of two mountain brigades, Lwów Brigade of National Defence and a Battalion ''Węgry'' (''Hungary''). Altogether, Karpaty Army was made of 26 battalions, 160 cannons and 16 planes. Tasks The main task of the army was to secure mountain passes in the Carpathians from Czorsztyn to the Polish-Romanian border (total length 350 kilometers) and to protect the Centralny Okręg Przemysłowy industrial region. Furthermore, it was tasked with the protection of southern wing of Kraków Army, and the oil-rich area of Borysław and Drohobycz. In late August 1939, concentration of Karpaty Army was not yet completed, as it was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazimierz Fabrycy
Kazimierz Fabrycy (3 March 1888, Odessa – 18 July 1958) was a Polish general. Early life Kazimierz Fabrycy was born on March 3, 1888 in Odessa, in the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire. Upon graduating from school in Niemirów he enrolled for a year-long military service in the Russian army. He followed this with enrollment at Polytechnic School of Lviv and then later at the Technical University of Munich. From this latter institution he was conferred a degree in engineering. Even as a student Kazimierz flung himself into activities of the Polish independence movement. Between 1908 and 1910 he co-founded first the Union of Active Struggle and then the Rifle Association. Later career Fabrycy was a member of the Polish Legions in World War I, and fought in the Polish Soviet War. He was the Viceminister of military affairs from 1926 to 1934, and commander of several infantry divisions during the interwar period in the Second Polish Republic. During the Invasion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boryslav
Boryslav ( uk, Борислав; pl, Borysław) is a city located on the Tysmenytsia (river), Tysmenytsia (a tributary of the Dniester), in Drohobych Raion, Lviv Oblast (Oblast, region) of western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Boryslav urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Boryslav is a major center of petroleum industry. Population: History The area of the modern town of Boryslav has been inhabited at least since the Bronze Age. There are remnants of a Paganism, pagan shrine from the 1st millennium BC located in the area, where approximately 270 petroglyphs are found, mostly depicting solar signs – symbols of a pre-Christian Solar deity. Between the 9th and 13th centuries, the site of the modern town housed a fortress named ''Tustan'', which was part of a belt of similar strongholds defending the Kievan Rus' from the west and south. After the dissolution of Kievan Rus', the town became a part of the Halych-Volhynia, Halych-Volhynian Principality. With th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th Infantry Division (Poland)
The 11th Carpathian Infantry Division (Polish ''11 Karpacka Dywizja Piechoty''), was a tactical unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which fought in the Invasion of Poland in 1939. Elements of the unit would go on to serve in the Polish Armed Forces in the East. Composition Its headquarters were located in Stanisławów, with some regiments stationed in nearby locations, such as Stryj and Kolomyja. It consisted of these regiments: * 48th Kresy Rifle Regiment, stationed in Stanisławów, commanded by Colonel Walenty Nowak, * 49th Hutsul Rifle Regiment, stationed in Kolomyja, * 53rd Kresy Rifle Regiment, stationed in Stryj, * 11th Carpathian Light Artillery Regiment, stationed in Stanisławów, * 11th Heavy Artillery Regiment, * 11th Sapper Battalion, * 11th Motor Battery of Antiaircraft Artillery, * squadron of cavalry, made up of soldiers of Border Defence Corps from Zaleszczyki. Polish September Campaign The division, under Colonel Bronisław Prugar-Ketling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
24th Infantry Division (Poland)
Polish 24th Infantry Division ( pl, 24. Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign. The Division was created in 1921, and its first commandants were: General Jan Hempel (until 1926), General Wacław Scaevola-Wieczorkiewicz, Colonel Boleslaw Maria Krzyzanowski (until September 9, 1939), and Colonel Boleslaw Schwarzenberg-Czerny (in the final days of the September 1939 campaign). The 24th Division's headquarters were located in Jarosław, with some regiments stationed in nearby cities of Rzeszów and Przemyśl. It consisted of: * 17th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 17th Infantry Regiment (Rzeszów), * 38th Infantry Regiment of Lwów Rifles (Przemyśl), * 39th Infantry Regiment of Lwów Rifles (Jarosław), * 24th Light Artillery Regiment of King Jan III Sobieski (Jarosław). Polish September Campaign The 24th Division, commanded by Colonel Boleslaw Maria Krzyzanowski, remained in the first days of the war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limanowa
Limanowa (german: Ilmenau, yi, לימינוב ''Liminuv'') is a small town in southern Poland, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. It is the capital of Limanowa County and had a population of 15,132 in 2012. History Mentions of the town date back to 1496, when it was documented as Ilmanowa, a rural estate that belonged to members of the szlachta. In 1520, ownership of the estate was passed from the Słupski family to Achacy Jordan, who subsequently established a judiciary. Limanowa became a township in 1565, after being granted Magdeburg Rights, city rights by King Sigismund II Augustus. The residents were not required to pay taxes to the Crown for a period of thirty years, throughout which the town rapidly developed. However, its economic strength declined due to the Great Plague, plague, and destruction caused by the Swedish Deluge, Swedish invasion of 1655. While the town was constantly damaged by fire because of its wooden buildings, much of its infrastructure was destroyed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tymbark
Tymbark is a village in southern Poland, some 80 km south-east of Kraków, population 2,400 (2004 data). It lies approximately west of Limanowa and south-east of the regional capital Kraków. Tymbark was granted city rights in 1357 by King Casimir III of Poland. The town's original name was ''Jodłowa Góra'' (literally: ''firry mountain''), but as the majority of first burghers came from German lands, the name was soon Germanised as ''Tannenberg'', which gave origin to the current one, used from about the 16th century. Tymbark lost the city status in 1934; now it is the administrative centre of Gmina Tymbark. In 1936 the Podhalańska Fruit and Vegetable Cooperative was established in Tymbark, which developed into a successful business. The cooperative was nationalised in 1950, reprivatised in 1995 and now operates as '' Tymbark S.A.'', producing fruit preserves, drinks and juices. Tymbark is twinned with Whaley Bridge in England England is a country that is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovak Invasion Of Poland
The Slovak invasion of Poland occurred during Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland in September 1939. The recently-created Slovak Republic joined the attack, and Field Army Bernolák contributed over 50,000 soldiers in three divisions. Since most of the Polish forces were engaged with the German armies, which were more to the north of the southern border, the Slovak invasion met only weak resistance and suffered minimal losses. Background On March 14, 1939, the Slovak State was established as a client state of Germany, which initiated the breakup of Czechoslovakia. The south-Slovak part of Czechoslovakia had contained a substantial Hungarian population (Slovakia had been part of the Kingdom of Hungary). It was taken by the Royal Hungarian Army as a result of the First Vienna Award on November 2, 1938. The official political pretext for the Slovak participation in the Polish Campaign was a small disputed area on the Poland-Slovakia border. Poland had appropriated the area on Octob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Mountain Division (Wehrmacht)
The 2nd Mountain Division (german: 2. Gebirgs Division) was a ''Gebirgsjäger'' division of the German Army which served in World War II, mainly in the northernmost sector of the Eastern Front, near the Arctic. Formed in 1938, the division was disbanded at the end of the war in 1945. Operational history Following the ''Anschluss'', the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in March 1938, the 2nd Mountain Division was formed on 1 April 1938, with personnel of the 6th Division of the Austrian Army. Based at Innsbruck, part of Wehrkreis XVIII, most of its men were from the Salzburg and Tyrol region of Austria. Commanded by ''Generalleutnant'' (Lieutenant General) Valentin Feurstein, it fought as part of Army Group South during the Invasion of Poland and then took part in Operation Weserübung, the Norwegian Campaign in 1940. It carried out a cross country march to rescue the 3rd Mountain Division, which was under siege from British forces during the Battles of Narvik. The divi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wehrmacht
The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previously used term and was the manifestation of the Nazi regime's efforts to rearm Germany to a greater extent than the Treaty of Versailles permitted. After the Nazi rise to power in 1933, one of Adolf Hitler's most overt and audacious moves was to establish the ''Wehrmacht'', a modern offensively-capable armed force, fulfilling the Nazi régime's long-term goals of regaining lost territory as well as gaining new territory and dominating its neighbours. This required the reinstatement of conscription and massive investment and defense spending on the arms industry. The ''Wehrmacht'' formed the heart of Germany's politico-military power. In the early part of the Second World War, the ''Wehrmacht'' employed combined arms tactics (close-cover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4th Light Division (Germany)
The 9th Panzer Division was a panzer division of the German Army during World War II. It came into existence after 4th Light Division was reorganized in January 1940. The division was headquartered in Vienna, in the German military district Wehrkreis XVII. Originally raised from Austrian forces annexed into Germany before the war, the 9th Panzer Division was part of most of the German Army's early Blitzkrieg attacks into western Europe. Sweeping east, the division was then a component of Operation Barbarossa, the German attack on the Soviet Union; it was badly mauled at the Battle of Kursk. Returning to France to rebuild in 1944, the division was rushed to counter Operation Overlord. It was destroyed several successive times by British and American forces as the German Army was pushed back across Europe. The division suffered massive casualties in armor and personnel until it finally collapsed in March 1945. The division's few survivors were pushed into the Ruhr Pocket where t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazimierz Sosnkowski
General Kazimierz Sosnkowski (; Warsaw, 19 November 1885 – 11 October 1969, Arundel, Quebec) was a Polish independence fighter, general, diplomat, and architect. He was a major political figure and an accomplished commander, notable in particular for his contributions during the Polish–Soviet War and World War II. After the death of General Władysław Sikorski in July 1943, Sosnkowski became Commander-in-chief of the Polish Armed Forces. Sosnkowski was an intellectual who was able to speak Latin, Greek, English, French, German, Italian, and Russian. Early years Born in Warsaw, Sosnkowski grew up in the Russian Partition of Poland. His father, Józef Sosnkowski of the Godziemba coat of arms, was a wealthy nobleman and owner of several villages. His mother was Zofia Drabińska. In 1896 he attended the V Gimnasium (secondary school) in Warsaw, where he participated in a secret organization of progressive youth. To avoid persecution he moved in 1904 to Saint Petersb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armia Kraków
Armia ( en, Army) is Polish punk rock band founded in 1985 by Tomasz Budzyński, Sławomir Gołaszewski and Robert Brylewski. Armia is famous for its use of horn, which was unusual of punk rock bands in late 1980s and 1990s. With poetic (often inspired by philosophy and literature) lyrics, written by Budzyński, and evolving, creative music Armia has gained popularity and respect over the years, and its concerts now attract numerous fans of rock music. Armia's lyrics and cover art has frequently alluded to philosophy, literature and religion. The cover of the LP ''Legenda'' (''A Legend'') features Don Quijote and some lyrics were inspired by gnosticism. The title of the LP ''Czas i Byt'' (''Being and Time'') comes from Martin Heidegger's work Being and Time. Other sources of inspiration include the fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Bible, The Divine Comedy and Samuel Beckett (''Triodante''), Tove Jansson's The Moomins, films like Werner Herzog's Aguirre, the Wrath of God or Marek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
