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Karamanid
The Karamanids ( tr, Karamanoğulları or ), also known as the Emirate of Karaman and Beylik of Karaman ( tr, Karamanoğulları Beyliği), was one of the Anatolian beyliks, centered in South-Central Anatolia around the present-day Karaman Province. From the middle 1300s until its fall in 1487, the Karamanid dynasty was one of the most powerful beyliks in Anatolia. History The Karamanids traced their ancestry from Hodja Sad al-Din and his son Nure Sufi Bey, who emigrated from Arran (roughly encompassing modern-day Azerbaijan) to Sivas because of the Mongol invasion in 1230. The Karamanids were members of the Salur tribe of Oghuz Turks. According to Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu and others, they were members of the Afshar tribe,Cahen, Claude, ''Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A General Survey of the Material and Spiritual Culture and History c. 1071–1330'', trans. J. Jones-Williams (New York: Taplinger, 1968), pp. 281–2. which participated in the revolt led by Baba Ishak and afterwards m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatolian Beyliks
Anatolian beyliks ( tr, Anadolu beylikleri, Ottoman Turkish: ''Tavâif-i mülûk'', ''Beylik'' ) were small principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by beys, the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century. A second more extensive period of foundations took place as a result of the decline of the Seljuq Sultanate of Rûm in the second half of the 13th century. One of the beyliks, that of the Osmanoğlu from the Kayi tribe of the Oghuz Turks, from its capital in Bursa completed its conquest of other beyliks by the late 15th century, becoming the Ottoman Empire. The word "beylik" denotes a territory under the jurisdiction of a bey, equivalent in other European societies to a lord. History Following the 1071 Seljuq victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Manzikert and the subsequent conquest of Anatolia, Oghuz clans began settling in present-day Turkey. The Seljuq Sultanate's central power established in Konya was largely the result o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerîmeddin Karaman Bey
Kerîmeddin Karaman Beg ( Turkish) (Arabic: كريم ٱلدين Karīm al-Dīn Karaman Bey), sometimes Karaman Bey, was a Turkish chief founder of the dynasty Karaman-oğhlu or Karamanoğulları, a Turkish principality in Anatolia in the 13th century. The province and city of Larandia was renamed Karaman in his honor. He is well known for waging wars against the Byzantine Empire. Early life He was the son of Nûre Sûfî Bey, a Turkish leader from Arran, who established himself in the Taurus Mountains near Larandia and who became a Seljuk vassal. Some time before 1256, Karaman Bey officially succeeded his father (who had already left him the effective power several years prior in order to pursue a life in seclusion). In about 1260 Karaman makes his first appearance in the Isaurian-Cilician Taurus regions. Although the points of detail can probably never be determined, it can be accepted that Karaman started life as a woodcutter and timber merchant who brought supplies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karaman Bey
Karaman, historically known as Laranda (Greek: Λάρανδα), is a city in south central Turkey, located in Central Anatolia, north of the Taurus Mountains, about south of Konya. It is the capital district of the Karaman Province. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 231,872 of which 132,064 live in the town of Karaman. The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an average elevation of . The Karaman Museum is one of the major sights. Etymology The town owes its name to Karaman Bey, who was one of the rulers of the Karamanid dynasty. The former name ''Laranda'' which in turn comes from the Luwian language ''Larawanda'', literally means "sandy, a sandy place". History In ancient times, Karaman was known as Laranda ( el, Λάρανδα). In the 6th century BC it came under Achaemenid rule until 322 BC, when it was destroyed by Perdiccas, a former general of Alexander the Great, after he had defeated Ariarathes I, king of Cappadocia. It la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larende
Karaman, historically known as Laranda (Greek: Λάρανδα), is a city in south central Turkey, located in Central Anatolia, north of the Taurus Mountains, about south of Konya. It is the capital district of the Karaman Province. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 231,872 of which 132,064 live in the town of Karaman. The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an average elevation of . The Karaman Museum is one of the major sights. Etymology The town owes its name to Karaman Bey, who was one of the rulers of the Karamanid dynasty. The former name ''Laranda'' which in turn comes from the Luwian language ''Larawanda'', literally means "sandy, a sandy place". History In ancient times, Karaman was known as Laranda ( el, Λάρανδα). In the 6th century BC it came under Achaemenid rule until 322 BC, when it was destroyed by Perdiccas, a former general of Alexander the Great, after he had defeated Ariarathes I, king of Cappadocia. It lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nure Sofi
Nûre Sûfi Bey ( tr, Nureddin Bey) was the founder of Karamanid dynasty, a Turkic dynasty which ruled part of Anatolia in the 14th and 15th centuries as a rival of the Ottoman Empire. He was the son of Hodja Sad al-Din ( tr, Hoca Sadeddin) who had come from Arran, staying for some years near Sivas. This, when generalized, is a reference to the actual migrations brought about by Khwārizmian and Mongol pressure, and moreover it suggests some perceptible connection, if not precisely with Baba Ishak, at least with circles influenced by religious influence of that kind - there is a reference to a Khorasanian Șūfī, Baba Ilyās, with whom both Nûre Sûfi and Baba Ishāq are said to have been in touch - and also to the fact that the first chiefs who brought in these Turkmens were equally leaders in the field of religion. Nure Sofi was a member of Afşar tribe of Turkmens. Originally living in West Turkmenistan the tribe moved west to Anatolia in 1228 probably to escape from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konya
Konya () is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium (), although the Seljuks also called it Darü'l-Mülk, meaning "seat of government". In 19th-century accounts of the city in English its name is usually spelt Konia or Koniah. As of 2021, the population of the Metropolitan Province was 2,277,017, making it the sixth most populous city in Turkey, and second most populous of the Central Anatolia Region, after Ankara . Of this, 1,390,051 lived in the three urban districts of Meram, Selçuklu and Karatay. Konya is served by TCDD high-speed train ( YHT) services from Istanbul and Ankara. The local airport ( Konya Havalimanı, KYA) is served by flights from Istanbul. Etymology of Iconium Konya was known in classical antiquity and during the medieval period as (''Ikónion'') in Greek (with regular Medieval Greek apheresis ''Kón ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultanate Of Rûm
fa, سلجوقیان روم () , status = , government_type = Hereditary monarchy Triarchy (1249–1254)Diarchy (1257–1262) , year_start = 1077 , year_end = 1308 , p1 = Byzantine Empire under the Doukas dynastyByzantine Empire , p2 = Seljuk Empire , p3 = Danishmends , p4 = Mengujekids , p5 = Saltukids , p6 = Artuqids , s1 = Anatolian beyliks , s2 = Ilkhanate, , event_pre = Battle of Manzikert , date_pre = 1071 , event_start = Division from the Seljuk Empire , event1 = Battle of Köse Dağ , date_event1 = 1243 , event_end = Karamanid conquest , image_flag = Double-headed eagle of the Sultanate of Rum.svg , flag_size = 100px , flag_type ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afshar Tribe
Afshar ( az, Əfşar افشار; tr, Avşar, ''Afşar''; tk, Owşar; fa, اَفشار, Āfshār) is a tribe of Oghuz Turkic origin, that split into several groups in Iran, Turkey and Afghanistan. During the Seljuk conquests of the 11th century, they moved from Central Asia into the Middle East. They are noted in history for being one of the Qizilbash tribes that helped establish the Safavid dynasty of Iran, and for being the source of descent of Iran's Afsharid dynasty. Nader Shah, who became the monarch of Iran in 1736, was from the Qereklu tribe ( fa, قرخلو) of Afshars. Afshars mainly inhabit Iran, where they remain a largely nomadic group. Today, the Afshars are variously grouped as a branch of the Azerbaijanis and Turkmens or Turkomans (a common general term used for people of Oghuz Turkic origin). The founders of the Germiyanids, Baku Khanate, Zanjan Khanate, Khalkhal Khanate, and Urmia Khanate were also of Afshar descent. The founder of the Karamanids may have als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mut (District), Mersin
Mut is a town and district of Mersin Province in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Mut is a rural district at the foot of the Sertavul Pass on the road over the Taurus Mountains from Ankara and Konya to the Mediterranean coast at Anamur or Silifke. Mut is known for its special apricot variety, ''Mut şekerparesi'', and a statue of a girl carrying a basket of them stands at the entrance to the town. The summer is hot and the people of Mut retreat to high meadows (so called yayla) even further up the mountainside. The forests up here are home to wild boar, and the Gezende reservoir on the Ermenek River is a welcome patch of blue in this dry district. The dam has a hydro-electric power station built in Romania. History The area has probably been inhabited since the time of the Hittites (2000 BC), and was later part of ancient Cilicia. Under the Roman Empire, the town was called Claudiopolis.''Alahan Monastery: A Masterpiece of Early Christian Architecture'', Michael Gough, The Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oghuz Turks
The Oghuz or Ghuzz Turks (Middle Turkic languages, Middle Turkic: ٱغُز, ''Oγuz'', ota, اوغوز, Oġuz) were a western Turkic people that spoke the Oghuz languages, Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages, Turkic language family. In the 8th century, they formed a Turkic tribal confederation, tribal confederation conventionally named the Oghuz Yabgu State in Central Asia. The name ''Oghuz'' is a Common Turkic word for "tribe". Byzantine Empire, Byzantine sources call the Oghuz the Uzes (Οὐ̑ζοι, ''Ouzoi''). By the 10th century, Islamic sources were calling them Muslim Turkmens, as opposed to Tengrist or Buddhist. By the 12th century, this term had passed into Byzantine usage and the Oghuzes were overwhelmingly Muslim. The term "Oghuz" was gradually supplanted among the Turks themselves by the terms ''Turkmen'' and ''Turkoman (ethnonym), Turcoman'', ( ota, تركمن, Türkmen or ''Türkmân'') from the mid-10th century on, a process which was completed by the beginn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salur Tribe
Salur, Salyr or Salgur ( tr, Salır, tk, Salyr, fa, سالور) were an ancient Oghuz Turkic people and a sub-branch of the ''Üçok'' tribal federation. The medieval Karamanid principality in Anatolia belonged to the Karaman branch of the Salur.Houtsma, M. Th. "''E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936''". Brill Publishers, 1987. ''pp.'''119'' The Salghurids of Fars (Atabegs of Fars), were a dynasty of Turkoman Salur origin. The patriarchs of the modern Turkmen tribe of Salyr in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iraq and Iran, as well as the Salar nationality in China claim descent from the Salur. Etymology Historian and statesman of the Ilkhanate, Rashid al-Din Hamadani in his work '' Oghuzname'', which is part of his extensive history book Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles), says that the name ''Salyr'' means “''wherever you go, you fight with a sword and a club''”, and in the book of the khan and historian of the Khanate of Khiva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Anatolian Turkish
Old Anatolian Turkish (OAT, tr, Eski Anadolu Türkçesi, ''EAT'') is the stage in the history of the Turkish language spoken in Anatolia from the 11th to 15th centuries. It developed into Early Ottoman Turkish. It was written in the Arabic script. Unlike in later Ottoman Turkish, short-vowel diacritics were used. It had no official status until 1277, when Mehmet I of Karaman declared a firman in an attempt to break the supremacy, dominance and popularity of Persian: , : , :''From now on nobody in the palace, in the divan, council and on travels should speak any language other than Turkish.'' History It has been erroneously assumed that the Old Anatolian Turkish literary language was created in Anatolia and that its authors transformed a primitive language into a literary medium by submitting themselves to Persian influence. In reality, the Oghuz Turks who came to Anatolia brought their own written language, literary traditions and models from Khwarezm and Transoxiana. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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