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Kaido Kama
Kaido Kama (born 18 December 1957, Viljandi) is an Estonian politician, conservationist, and teacher. He served as the Minister of Justice of Estonia from 1992 to 1994, as well as Estonia's Minister of the Interior from 1994 to 1995. Biography Kama graduated from Viljandi 1st Secondary School in 1975. From 1975 to 1976, he studied architecture at the Estonian Academy of Arts. From 1982 to 1990, he worked as a conservation officer at Antsla Forest. In 1990, Kama was elected to the Congress of Estonia. He was also a member of the Estonian Committee and the Estonian Constitutional Assembly ( Estonian: Põhiseaduse Assamblee). In 1990, he was also a member of the Estonian Supreme Soviet at the time of Perestroika and the chairman of the Ownership Reform Commission. During the vote on the Estonian restoration of Independence, he was one of two members of the Soviet who did not register and walked out on the vote, the other being Klavdia Sergij. He was a member of the 1990 incarnati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siófok
Siófok (; german: Fock; la, Fuk) is a town in Somogy County, Hungary on the southern bank of Lake Balaton. It is the second largest municipality in Somogy County and the seat of Siófok District. It covers an area of about 124.66 km2 (48.13 square miles) between Lake Balaton, the ''Mezőföld'' and the ''Outer Somogy-Hills''. Lying at the firth of the Sió Channel, it serves as the most important logistic station for goods between Lake Balaton and the River Danube. The town is Hungary's second most popular holiday destination (right after Budapest) thanks to its 17-kilometre-long (11 miles) coast, over 1,000 hotels, and plenty of bars, restaurants and night clubs. Siófok is one of the richest municipalities of Hungary due to tourism. Hungarians often call the town "the capital of Lake Balaton", as it is the largest town on its shores and acts as the financial, cultural, media, commercial and touristic hub of the northern part of Somogy County and the southern shore of Lak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perestroika
''Perestroika'' (; russian: links=no, перестройка, p=pʲɪrʲɪˈstrojkə, a=ru-perestroika.ogg) was a political movement for reform within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "openness") policy reform. The literal meaning of perestroika is "reconstruction", referring to the restructuring of the Soviet political and economic system, in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation. Perestroika allowed more independent actions from various ministries and introduced many market-like reforms. The alleged goal of perestroika, however, was not to end the command economy but rather to make socialism work more efficiently to better meet the needs of Soviet citizens by adopting elements of liberal economics. The process of implementing perestroika added to existing shortages, and created political, social, and economic tensions within the Soviet Union. Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valga, Estonia
Valga (german: Walk) is a town in southern Estonia and the capital of Valga County and Valga Parish. Until their separation in 1920, Valga and the town of Valka in northern Latvia were one town. They are now twin-towns. The area of Valga is and that of Valka is . Their populations are respectively 12,261 and 6,164. On 21 December 2007 all border-crossing points were removed and roads and fences opened between the two countries with both countries joining the Schengen Agreement. Location and transport The distance to Tartu is , Pärnu , Tallinn , Riga and Pskov . Valga is situated at the junction of roads and railways. The Hummuli–Tartu–Riga railway is connected via Tapa with the Tallinn–Narva–St Petersburg main line. After closing April 2008 for extensive repair work Edelaraudtee railway services from other parts of Estonia to Valga re-opened in January 2010. From 2014 all domestic train services in Estonia are operated by Elron who runs three services a day from V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maausk
Estonian Neopaganism, or the Estonian native faith ( Estonian: ''maausk'', literally "Land faith"), is the name, in English, for a grouping of contemporary revivals (often called "Neopagan", although adherents of Estonian native religion generally do not use the termJüri Toomepuu. Maausk, the belief system of indigenous Estonians'. Presentation at KLENK 2011, published on January 7, 2012. St. Petersburg, Florida.) of the indigenous Pagan religion of the Estonian people. It encompasses Taaraism ( Estonian: ''taarausk'' literally "Taara Faith"),Ellen Barry for ''The New York Times'' . Some Estonians return to pre-Christian animist traditions'. Quote: «Craving an authentic national faith, Estonians have been drawn to the animistic religions that preceded Christianity: Taarausk, or Taaraism, whose god was worshiped in forest groves, and Maausk, which translates as "faith of the earth".» a monistic religion centered on the god Tharapita founded in 1928 as a national religion; and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Võru County
Võru County ( et, Võru maakond or ''Võrumaa''; vro, Võro maakund) is a county in southern Estonia. It is bordered by Valga County and Põlva County and is the only Estonian county bordering two countries - Latvia (Alūksne Municipality and Ape Municipality) in the south and Russian Federation (Pskov Oblast) in the east. The territory of Võrumaa covers and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. In January 2013 Võru County had a population of 32,806, 2.5% of the total population in Estonia. The county is subdivided into 12 rural municipalities and one urban municipality, the county capital, Võru. Ethnic Division and Culture In Võru County, there are 95.3% Estonians, 3.3% Russians and 1.4% other nationalities. Two indigenous ethnic groups live in Võru County – the Võro people and the Setos. Both ethnic groups have their own language (Võro, Seto) and cultural heritage in traditions. Võro People The Võro Institute is established for the preservation an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Võro Institute
Võro Institute ( vro, Võro Instituut, et, Võru Instituut) is an Estonian state research and development institution dedicated to the preservation and promotion of the Võro language and culture. History Võro ( vro, võro kiil, links=no , et, võru keel) is a language belonging to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages. Traditionally, it has been considered a dialect of the South Estonian dialect group of the Estonian language, but nowadays it has its own literary language and is in search of official recognition as an autochthonous regional language of Estonia. Võro has roughly 75,000 speakers (Võros) mostly in southeastern Estonia, in the eight parishes of the historical Võru County: Karula, Harglõ, Urvastõ, Rõugõ, Kanepi, Põlva, Räpinä and Vahtsõliina. These parishes are currently centred (due to redistricting) in Võru and Põlva counties, with parts extending into Valga and Tartu counties. Speakers can also be found in the towns of Tallinn and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karula National Park
Karula National Park is national park in southern Estonia. It was established in 1979 as a protected area and in 1993 became a national park. It is the smallest national park in Estonia. The park is located in Antsla and Rõuge parishes in Võru County and Valga Parish in Valga County. The park covers almost a third of the Karula Uplands and is characterised by its hilly topography, its many lakes, the great biodiversity and traditional cultural landscape. The flora of the national park is rich, and includes several species red-listed in Estonia such as the Baltic orchid, mezereon and the daisyleaf grape fern; the latter is only found in three locations in Estonia and Karula is one of them. The fauna also incorporates unusual and threatened species, such as the pond bat, the lesser spotted eagle and the black stork. Mammals like elk, lynx and polecat are common. Ähijärv.jpg Karula vaade.jpg Karula maastik.jpg File: Sügis künkal.jpg See also * Protected areas of Est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juhan Parts
Juhan Parts (born 27 August 1966) is an Estonian politician who was Prime Minister of Estonia from 2003 to 2005 and Minister of Economic Affairs and Communications from 2007 to 2014. Juhan Parts is a member of Isamaa party. Education Born in Tallinn, Juhan Parts completed Gustav Adolf Grammar School in Tallinn (then ''Tallinn Secondary School No. 1''). Afterwards, he studied law at the University of Tartu in Tartu, Estonia. Early career After completing his university education, Parts instantly joined the Ministry of Justice. who wanted to push for reforms. As an ally of Deputy Minister Mihkel Oviir, he was appointed Auditor General in the spring of 1998. He held this office until 2002. From this virtually unimpeachable office, unique in the Estonian Constitution, he frequently criticised the government and became somewhat of a popular figure in Estonian politics. Political career Parts became the chairman of a new party, called Res Publica, which he was instrumental in sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of The Interior (Estonia)
The Ministry of the Interior of Estonia ( et, Eesti Siseministeerium) is a Ministry in the Estonian Government. The current Minister of the Interior is Lauri Läänemets. In 2018, Estonia’s ministry of interior planned to introduce the world’s first digital nomad visa in accordance to celebrating its 100 years of independence. The purpose of this visa is to allow non-Estonians access to Estonian services from abroad. This is an addition to groundbreaking initiatives like e-residency and border-less banking which has listed the country as one of the most digitally advanced nations of the decade. List of Ministers List of ministers of Internal Affairs since 1990: * Olev Laanjärv (17 April 1990 – 30 January 1992) * Robert Närska (30 January 1992 – 21 October 1992) * Lagle Parek (21 October 1992 – 27 November 1993) *Heiki Arike (14 December 1993 – 4 November 1994) *Kaido Kama (4 November 1994 – 12 April 1995) *Edgar Savisaar (12 April 1995 – 10 October 1995) *Mär ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pro Patria National Coalition Party
Pro Patria National Coalition Party (''Rahvuslik Koonderakond Isamaa'' - RKEI) was an Estonian political party founded in 1992. In 1995 it merged, with the Estonian National Independence Party, into Pro Patria Union. The Pro Patria National Coalition was founded in September, 1992: it was an electoral alliance between four political parties: *''Christian Democratic Party'' (Kristlik-demokraatlik Erakond); *''Christian Democratic Union'' (Kristlik-Demokraatlik Liit); *''Conservative People's Party'' (Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond); *''Republicans' Coalition Party'' (Vabariiklaste Koonderakond). The coalition had 22.0% votes and 29 seats in 1992 parliamentary elections. Conservative People's Party and Republicans' Coalition Party left the alliance during 1994 and formed the People's Party of Republicans and Conservatives People's Party of Republicans and Conservatives (''Vabariiklaste ja Konservatiivide Rahvaerakond'') was an Estonian political party, which existed under this bann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (; from Estonian ''riigi-'', of the state, and ''kogu'', assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the Prime Minister and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the President. The ''Riigikogu'' also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations, bring about changes in the law, etc.; approves the budget presented by the government as law and monitors the executive power. History History April 23, 1919, the opening session of the Estonian Constituent Assembly is considered the founding date of the Parliament of Estonia. Established under the 1920 constitution, the Riigikogu had 100 members elected for a three year term on the basis of proportional representation. Elections were fixed for the first Sunda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1992 Estonian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia alongside presidential elections on 20 September 1992,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p57 the first after regaining independence from the Soviet Union. The newly elected 101 members of the 7th Riigikogu assembled at Toompea Castle in Tallinn within ten days of the election. Following the elections, the five-party Fatherland Bloc led by Mart Laar formed a government together with national-conservative Estonian National Independence Party and centrist Moderates alliance. Voter turnout was 68%. Campaign Several alliances were formed prior to the elections: Conduct Several issues were recorded during the elections; numerous people voted in a booth at the same time while other voters failed to keep their votes secret, causing inconsistencies. Officials also failed to standardize in voting materials and ballot-counting. The existence of a preliminary two-week voting period also led to conc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
