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Kuroishi Domain
was a '' tozama'' feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It is located in northwestern Mutsu Province, Honshū. Its territory included 2000 ''koku'' in the area around present-day city of Kuroishi, 1000 ''koku'' in present-day Hiranani, and 2000 ''koku'' in what is now part of Ōta, Gunma. The domain was centered at Kuroishi Jin'ya, located in the center of what is now the city of Kuroishi in Aomori Prefecture. History Kuroishi Domain began as a 5,000 ''koku'' ''hatamoto'' holding, created in 1656 for Tsugaru Nobufusa (1620–1662), the younger son of Tsugaru Nobuhira, 2nd ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain. Nobuhira had an elder son (Tsugaru Nobuyoshi) by his first wife, the daughter of Ishida Mitsunari, who had been reduced to concubine status when Nobuhira married the niece of Tokugawa Ieyasu to secure his position vis-à-vis the new Tokugawa bakufu following the death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. However, his position as the son of a concubine resulted in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han System
( ja, 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"Han"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 283. or (daimyo domain) served as a system of ''de facto'' administrative divisions of Japan alongside the ''de jure'' provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s. History Pre-Edo period The concept of originated as the personal estates of prominent warriors after the rise of the Kamakura Shogunate in 1185, which also saw the rise of feudalism and the samurai noble warrior class in Japan. This situation existed for 400 years during the Kamakura Shogunate (1185–1333), the brief Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336), and the Ashikaga Shogunate (1336–1573). became increasingly important as ''de facto'' administrative divisions as subsequent Shoguns stripped the Imperial provinces () and their officials of their legal powers. Edo period Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsugaru Nobuhira
was the second ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain in northern Mutsu Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Aomori Prefecture). His courtesy title was '' Etchū-no-kami,'' and his Court rank was Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade. Biography Tsugaru Nobuhira was born in 1586 as the third son of Ōura Tamenobu, head of the Ōura clan. In 1596, with his two elder brothers Nobutake and Nobukata, he is known to have converted to Christianity. In 1600, at the Battle of Sekigahara, he accompanied his father as part of Tokugawa Ieyasu's Eastern Army, and served in Ieyasu's retinue. At the same time, his elder brother Nobutake was at Osaka Castle and served as a page to Toyotomi Hideyori. This was a similar situation as with the Sanada clan, where two brothers fought on opposing sides, which ensured the clan's survival whichever side won. Ōura Tamenobu was also on good terms with Ishida Mitsunari, the leader of the pro-Toyotomo Western Army, and provided protection for Ishida's son and daughter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsugaru Nobuyuki
was the 10th ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain in northern Mutsu Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Aomori Prefecture). His courtesy title was '' Dewa-no-kami'', to which was later added title ''Jujū'', and his court rank was Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade. Biography Tsugaru Nobuyuki was the younger son of Tsugaru Yasuchika, the 9th ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain. Yasuchika was originally a ''hatamoto'' ruling a 4000 '' koku'' fief at Kuroishi before he was adopted into the main Tsugaru clan line to become ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki. At that time, he turned Kuroishi over to his eldest son, and later elevated the holding to Kuroishi Domain. Yasuchika initially attempted to continue implementation many of the reforms initiated from the time of Tsugaru Nobuakira to restore prosperity to the disaster-prone domain, but faced stubborn opposition due to vested interests and extensive corruption issues with his retainers. Nobuyuki was appointed heir to Hirosaki, and was received by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsugaru Yukitsugu
was the 2nd ''daimyō'' of Kuroishi Domain, and later the 11th ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain in northern Mutsu Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Aomori Prefecture). His courtesy title was '' Ōsumi-no-kami'', and his Court rank was Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade. Biography Tsugaru Yukitsugu was born as Matsudaira Yukinori, the 5th son of Matsudaira Nobuakira, the ''daimyō'' of Yoshida Domain in Mikawa Province. He was adopted on June 5, 1821, as the heir to Tsugaru Chikatari, the ''daimyō'' of Kuroishi Domain. On his adoptive father’s retirement, as Tsugaru Yukinori, he became the 2nd ''daimyō'' of Kuroishi Domain from 1825 to 1839. He was known as an intelligent ruler, and worked for the restoration of the domain's finances during the political and agricultural crisis of the Tenpō era. After the Tokugawa shogunate forced Tsugaru Nobuyuki of Hirosaki Domain into retirement over allegations of gross misrule, Yukinori was ordered to change his name to Tsugaru Yu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chishima Islands
The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands (; rus, Кури́льские острова́, r=Kuril'skiye ostrova, p=kʊˈrʲilʲskʲɪjə ɐstrɐˈva; Japanese: or ) are a volcanic archipelago currently administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast in the Russian Far East. It stretches approximately northeast from Hokkaido in Japan to Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean. There are 56 islands and many minor rocks. The Kuril Islands consist of the Greater Kuril Chain and the Lesser Kuril Chain. They cover an area of around , with a population of roughly 20,000. The islands have been under Russian administration since their 1945 invasion as the Soviet Union towards the end of World War II. Japan claims the four southernmost islands, including two of the three largest (Iturup and Kunashir), as part of its territory, as well as Shikotan and the Habomai islets, which has led to the ongoing Kuril Islands dispute. The disputed islands are know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karafuto
Karafuto Prefecture ( ja, 樺太庁, ''Karafuto-chō''; russian: Префектура Карафуто, Prefektura Karafuto), commonly known as South Sakhalin, was a prefecture of Japan located in Sakhalin from 1907 to 1949. Karafuto became territory of the Empire of Japan in 1905 after the Russo-Japanese War when the portion of Sakhalin south of 50°N was ceded from the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Portsmouth. Karafuto was established in 1907 as an external territory until being upgraded to an " Inner Land" of the Japanese metropole in 1943. Ōtomari (Korsakov) was the capital of Karafuto from 1905 to 1908 and Toyohara (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) from 1908 to August 1945 when the Japanese administration ceased to function in the invasion of South Sakhalin by the Soviet Union after the surrender of Japan in World War II. Karafuto Prefecture was de facto replaced with Sakhalin Oblast, although it continued to exist de jure under Japanese law until it was formally abolished as a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsugaru Yasuchika
was the 9th ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain in northern Mutsu Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Aomori Prefecture). His courtesy title, initially Dewa-no-kami, was later raised to ''Saikyo Daiyu'' and ''Jujū'', and his Court rank was Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade. Biography Tsugaru Yasuchika was the eldest son of Tsugaru Akitaka, the 5th lord of Kuroishi, a 4000-''koku'' ''hatamoto'' holding created for the second son of Tsugaru Nobuhira, the 2nd ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki. Nobuhira was married to a daughter of Ishida Mitsunari; however, for political reasons after the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, he found it expedient to reduce her to concubine status and to marry an adopted daughter of Tokugawa Ieyasu instead. Nevertheless, the son of his first wife, Tsugaru Nobuyoshi remained his heir, which resulted in an ''O-Ie Sōdō'' by supporters of the son by his second wife, Tsugaru Nobufusa. The shogunate ruled in favour of Nobuyoshi, and the Kuroishi holding was create ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsugaru Chikatari
was the 1st ''daimyō'' of Kuroishi Domain in northern Mutsu Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Aomori Prefecture). His courtesy title was '' Kai-no-kami'', and his Court rank was Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade. Biography Tsugaru Chikatari was the fourth son of Kuroda Naoyuki, ''daimyō'' of Kururi Domain in Kazusa Province, (part of present-day Chiba Prefecture) and was born in that domain's Edo residence. In 1805, he was adopted as the posthumous heir of Tsugaru Tsunetoshi (1789–1805), the 7th Lord of Kuroishi, a 4000 '' koku'' ''hatamoto'' dependency of Hirosaki Domain. However, in April 1809, the Tokugawa shogunate raised the status of Kuroishi to a full ''han'' as part of its agreement with Tsugaru Yasuchika over dispatch of troops to guard the Ezo frontier, and Chikatari saw his revenues increase by an additional 6000 ''koku'', and allowing him to join the ranks of the ''daimyō''. In 1825, he retired, turning administration of the domain to his adopted son, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
O-Ie Sōdō
O-Ie Sōdō (, "house strife") were noble family disputes within the samurai and aristocratic classes of Japan, particularly during the early Edo period (17th century). The most famous is the ''Date Sōdō'', which broke out among the Date family in the 1660s–70s. The Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan in the Edo period established itself by subjugating warlords (''daimyō''), militant religious groups (ikki) and other violent groups; their control was predicated on a forcibly imposed peace. As a result, these sorts of noble house disputes, which often came quite close to erupting into outright battle and which often took place among the powerful '' tozama'' families, posed a serious threat to the stability of the '' bakuhan'' (shogunate-fiefdom) political system. These events were thus taken very seriously by the government, but also became very popular tales among the people, and were regarded as being quite interesting and exciting, due to the political and physical conflict i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokugawa Clan
The is a Japanese dynasty that was formerly a powerful ''daimyō'' family. They nominally descended from Emperor Seiwa (850–880) and were a branch of the Minamoto clan (Seiwa Genji) through the Matsudaira clan. The early history of this clan remains a mystery. Members of the clan ruled Japan as ''shōguns'' during the Edo Period from 1603 to 1867. History Minamoto no Yoshishige (1135–1202), grandson of Minamoto no Yoshiie (1041–1108), was the first to take the name of Nitta. He sided with his cousin Minamoto no Yoritomo against the Taira clan (1180) and accompanied him to Kamakura. Nitta Yoshisue, 4th son of Yoshishige, settled at Tokugawa (Kozuke province) and took the name of that place. Their provincial history book did not mention Minamoto clan or Nitta clan. The nominal originator of the Matsudaira clan was reportedly Matsudaira Chikauji, who was originally a poor Buddhist monk. He reportedly descended from Nitta Yoshisue in the 8th generation and witnessed the ruin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
, otherwise known as and , was a Japanese samurai and ''daimyō'' (feudal lord) of the late Sengoku period regarded as the second "Great Unifier" of Japan.Richard Holmes, The World Atlas of Warfare: Military Innovations that Changed the Course of History, Viking Press 1988. p. 68. Hideyoshi rose from a peasant background as a Affinity (medieval), retainer of the prominent lord Oda Nobunaga to become one of the most powerful men in Japan. Hideyoshi succeeded Nobunaga after the Honnō-ji Incident in 1582 and continued Nobunaga's campaign to unite Japan that led to the closing of the Sengoku period. Hideyoshi became the ''de facto'' leader of Japan and acquired the prestigious positions of Daijō-daijin, Chancellor of the Realm and Sesshō and Kampaku, Imperial Regent by the mid-1580s. Hideyoshi launched the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598), Japanese invasions of Korea in 1592 to initial success, but eventual military stalemate damaged his prestige before his death in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tokugawa Bakufu
The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 978.Nussbaum"''Edo-jidai''"at p. 167. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars of the Sengoku period following the collapse of the Ashikaga shogunate. Ieyasu became the ''shōgun,'' and the Tokugawa clan governed Japan from Edo Castle in the eastern city of Edo (Tokyo) along with the ''daimyō'' lords of the ''samurai'' class.Nussbaum"Tokugawa"at p. 976. The Tokugawa shogunate organized Japanese society under the strict Tokugawa class system and banned most foreigners under the isolationist policies of ''Sakoku'' to promote political stability. The Tokugawa shoguns governed Japan in a feudal system, with each ''daimyō'' administering a ''han'' (feud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
