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Korean Alcoholic Beverages
Korean cuisine has a wide variety of traditional alcoholic drinks, known as ''sul'' (). Many of these drinks end with the Sino-Korean word ''-ju'' (), and some end with the native Korean word ''-sul''. The Sino-Korean ''-ju'' is not used as an independent noun. There are an estimated 1,000 or more kinds of alcoholic drinks in Korea. Most are made from rice, and are fermented with the aid of yeast and ''nuruk'' (a wheat-based source of the enzyme amylase). Fruits, flowers, herbs, and other natural ingredients have also been used to craft traditional Korean alcoholic drinks. There are six distinct flavors: sweet, sour, pungent, roasted, bitter, and spicy. When the flavors are balanced, the alcohol is considered of good quality. Etymology There are several hypotheses regarding the origin of the word Sul, for one it is thought to have come from Chinese characters or Su-eul meaning Korean milk porridge (Korean word Tarakjuk). It can be understood that Sul must have derived from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sin Yun-bok
Shin Yun-bok, better known by his pen name Hyewon (1758–1813), was a Korean painter of the Joseon Dynasty. Like his contemporaries Danwon and Geungjae, he is known for his realistic depictions of daily life in his time. His genre paintings are distinctly more erotic than Danwon's, a fact which contributed to his expulsion from the royal painting institute, Dohwaseo. Painting was frequently a hereditary occupation in the Joseon period, and Hyewon's father and grandfather had both been court painters. Together with Danwon and the later painter Owon, Hyewon is remembered today as one of the "Three Wons" of Joseon-period painting. Biography Not much is known about Shin Yun-bok's life. He was the son of royal court painter Hanpyeong (한평; 漢枰), who had participated in painting the royal portraits of Yeongjo and Jeongjo. Hyewon reached the official rank of ''cheomjeoljesa'' (첨절제사; 僉節制使) at the Dohwaseo and was adept at different styles of painting; genre, lands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makgeolli
''Makgeolli'' ( ko, 막걸리, raw rice wine ), sometimes anglicized to makkoli (, ), is a Korean alcoholic beverage. The milky, off-white, and lightly sparkling rice wine has a slight viscosity that tastes slightly sweet, tangy, bitter, and astringent. Chalky sediment gives it a cloudy appearance. As a low proof drink of six to nine percent alcohol by volume, it is often considered a "communal beverage" rather than hard liquor. In Korea, ''makgeolli'' is often unpasteurized, and the wine continues to mature in the bottle. Because of the short shelf life of unpasteurized "draft" ''makgeolli'', many exported ''makgeolli'' undergo pasteurization, which deprives the beverage of complex enzymes and flavor compounds. Recently, various fruits such as strawberries and bananas are added to makgeolli to drink in new forms. Names The name ''makgeolli'' () is a compound, consisting of ''mak'' (; "roughly, recklessly, carelessly") and a deverbal noun derived from the verb stem ''georeu-'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Rice
Black rice, also known as purple rice, is a range of rice types of the species ''Oryza sativa'', some of which are glutinous rice. There are several varieties of black rice available today. These include Indonesian black rice, Philippine heirloom balatinaw black rice and pirurutong black glutinous rice, and Thai jasmine black rice. Black rice is known as ''chak-hao'' in Manipur, India. In Bangladesh, it is known as ''kalo dhaner chaal'' (black paddy rice) and used to make polao or rice-based desserts. The bran hull (outermost layer) of black rice contains one of the highest levels of anthocyanins found in food. The grain has a similar amount of fiber to brown rice and like brown rice, has a mild, nutty taste. Black rice has a deep black color and usually turns deep purple when cooked. Its dark purple color is primarily due to its anthocyanin content, which is higher by weight than that of other colored grains. It is suitable for creating porridge, dessert, traditional Chinese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheongju (beverage)
''Cheongju'' (; literally "clear wine"), sometimes romanized as ''Chungju'', is a clear, refined rice wine of Korean origin. Names The word ''cheongju'' () consists of two characters: ''cheong'' () meaning "clear" and ''ju'' () meaning "alcoholic drink". It contrasts with ''takju'' (), as "tak" () means "turbid". The word ''takju'' usually refers to ''makgeolli'' (milky, unrefined rice wine). The hanja characters 淸酒 are the same as the kanji pronounced ''seishu'' used on the labels of sake. The native Korean word for "clear wine", ''malgeun-sul'' (), is also used to refer to ''cheongju''. Another name for ''cheongju'' is ''yakju'' (), which literally translates into "medicinal wine". History According to '' Things on Korea''—a 12th-century book on Korea written by Song Chinese scholar Sun Mu (孫穆)—the Goryeo people used non-glutinous rice to brew rice wine. Another 12th-century Chinese book, '' Illustrated Account of Goryeo'', reports that Korean rice wine t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheongju 5
Cheongju () is the capital and largest city of North Chungcheong Province in South Korea. History Cheongju has been an important provincial town since ancient times. In the Cheongju Mountains, specifically in the one where Sangdang Sanseong is located, ruins dating from the Old Stone Age to the Bronze Age have been found. Settlements associated with the Paleolithic Age have also been discovered at Cheongju such as the Durubong Cave Site. After the unification of the kingdoms by Silla in 676, which caused various parts of Korea to adapt Buddhism including Cheongju, because the Silla culture was connected with the Silk Road, which brought the Buddhist religion from Nepal across Northern China to the Korean Peninsula. In the Goryeo era during the reign of Gwangjong, several monuments related to Buddhism were created, among them are Cheol Danggan, built during the year 962 in the center of the city near the remains of Yongdu Temple, which is a flagpole to hang the Dang flag, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikhye
''Sikhye'' (식혜, also spelled ''shikhye'' or ''shikeh''; also occasionally termed ''dansul'' or ''gamju'') is a traditional sweet Korean rice beverage, usually served as a dessert. In addition to its liquid ingredients, S''ikhye'' contains grains of cooked rice and in some cases pine nuts. It is similar to the Chinese ''jiuniang'' and Japanese ''amazake''. It is also a popular beverage in South Korea, often found in the beverage sections of convenience stores. Preparations ''Sikhye'' is made by pouring malt water onto cooked rice. The malt water steeps in the rice at typically 62 degrees Celsius until grains of rice appear on the surface. The liquid is then carefully poured out, leaving the rougher parts, and boiled until it gets sweet enough (no sugar is added to this drink). In South Korea and in overseas Korean grocery stores, ''sikhye'' is readily available in cans or plastic bottles. One of the largest South Korean producers of ''sikhye'' is the Vilac company of Busan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamju
''Dansul'' () or ''gamju'' (), translated as sweet wine, is a milky (or cloudy) rice wine made with rice, glutinous rice, and ''nuruk'' (fermentation starter). Due to the incomplete fermentation of the rice, the wine has relatively low alcohol content (2‒3% ABV) and sweet and slightly tangy notes. Preparation Steamed rice and/or glutinous rice is mixed with ''nuruk'' (fermentation starter), lightly pounded, and heated in water until the temperature reaches . It is left to ferment for several hours at , and sieved before served. See also *''Jiuniang'' – Chinese equivalent of ''Dansul'' *''Amazake is a traditional sweet, low-alcohol or non-alcoholic Japanese drink made from fermented rice. ''Amazake'' dates from the Kofun period, and it is mentioned in the Nihon Shoki. It is part of the family of traditional Japanese foods made usin ...'' – Japanese equivalent of ''Dansul'' References Korean alcoholic drinks Rice wine {{Korea-cuisine-st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dongdongju
''Makgeolli'' ( ko, 막걸리, raw rice wine ), sometimes anglicized to makkoli (, ), is a Korean alcoholic beverage. The milky, off-white, and lightly sparkling rice wine has a slight viscosity that tastes slightly sweet, tangy, bitter, and astringent. Chalky sediment gives it a cloudy appearance. As a low proof drink of six to nine percent alcohol by volume, it is often considered a "communal beverage" rather than hard liquor. In Korea, ''makgeolli'' is often unpasteurized, and the wine continues to mature in the bottle. Because of the short shelf life of unpasteurized "draft" ''makgeolli'', many exported ''makgeolli'' undergo pasteurization, which deprives the beverage of complex enzymes and flavor compounds. Recently, various fruits such as strawberries and bananas are added to makgeolli to drink in new forms. Names The name ''makgeolli'' () is a compound, consisting of ''mak'' (; "roughly, recklessly, carelessly") and a deverbal noun derived from the verb stem ''georeu-'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyeonggi-do
Gyeonggi-do (, ) is the most populous province in South Korea. Its name, ''Gyeonggi'', means "京 (the capital) and 畿 (the surrounding area)". Thus, ''Gyeonggi-do'' can be translated as "Seoul and the surrounding areas of Seoul". Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level ''special city'' since 1946. Incheon, the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level ''metropolitan city'' since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as '' Sudogwon'' and cover , with a combined population of 25.5 million—amounting to over half of the entire population of South Korea. History Gyeonggi-do has been a politically important area since 18 BCE, when Korea was divided into three nations during the Three Kingdoms period. Ever since King Onjo, the founder of Baekje (one of the three kingdoms), founded the governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Complexion
Complexion in humans is the natural color, texture, and appearance of the skin, especially on the face. History The word "complexion" is derived from the Late Latin ''complexi'', which initially referred in general terms to a combination of things, and later in physiological terms, to the balance of humors. The four humours were four fluids that were thought to permeate the body and influence its health. The concept was developed by ancient Greek thinkers around 400 BC and developed further by Galen.Matthew Simon, ''Emergent Computation: Emphasizing Bioinformatics'' (Springer, 2005), 145. People were thought to be either of the four temperaments: choleric, melancholic, phlegmatic, or sanguine. During the Middle Ages in Europe, the Latin term ''complexio'' served as the translated form of the Greek word ''crasis'', meaning temperament. The term “temperament” referred to the balance of the qualities of hot, wet, cold, and dry; each human body carried a different mixture of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choline
Choline is an essential nutrient for humans and many other animals. Choline occurs as a cation that forms various salts (X− in the depicted formula is an undefined counteranion). Humans are capable of some ''de novo synthesis'' of choline but require additional choline in the diet to maintain health. Dietary requirements can be met by choline per se or in the form of choline phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine. Choline is not formally classified as a vitamin despite being an essential nutrient with an amino acid–like structure and metabolism. In most animals, choline phospholipids are necessary components in cell membranes, in the membranes of cell organelles, and in very low-density lipoproteins. Choline is required to produce acetylcholine – a neurotransmitter – and ''S''-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a universal methyl donor. Upon methylation SAM is transformed into homocysteine. Symptomatic choline deficiency causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and muscle dama ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inositol
Inositol, or more precisely ''myo''-inositol, is a carbocyclic sugar that is abundant in the brain and other mammalian tissues; it mediates cell signal transduction in response to a variety of hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors and participates in osmoregulation. It is a sugar alcohol with half the sweetness of sucrose (table sugar). It is made naturally in the human body from glucose. A human kidney makes about two grams per day. Other tissues synthesize it too, and the highest concentration is in the brain, where it plays an important role by making other neurotransmitters and some steroid hormones bind to their receptors. Inositol is promoted as a dietary supplement in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is only evidence of very low quality for its efficacy in increasing fertility for IVF in women with PCOS. Overview ''myo''-Inositol plays an important role as the structural basis for a number of secondary messengers in eukaryotic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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