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Kneaded Eraser
Two kneaded erasers. A newer eraser is on the left, and an older eraser on the right. The older eraser is darker due to the charcoal.html"_;"title="graphite_and_charcoal">graphite_and_charcoal_dust_that_has_become_incorporated_into_the_eraser A_kneaded_eraser,_also_commonly_known_as_a_putty_rubber,_is_a_pliable_ graphite_and_charcoal_dust_that_has_become_incorporated_into_the_eraser">charcoal.html"_;"title="graphite_and_charcoal">graphite_and_charcoal_dust_that_has_become_incorporated_into_the_eraser A_kneaded_eraser,_also_commonly_known_as_a_putty_rubber,_is_a_pliable_Eraser">erasing_tool_used_by_artists._It_is_usually_made_of_a_grey_or_white_Vulcanization.html" ;"title="Eraser.html" ;"title="charcoal">graphite and charcoal dust that has become incorporated into the eraser">charcoal.html" ;"title="graphite and charcoal">graphite and charcoal dust that has become incorporated into the eraser A kneaded eraser, also commonly known as a putty rubber, is a pliable Eraser">erasing t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kneaded Eraser
Two kneaded erasers. A newer eraser is on the left, and an older eraser on the right. The older eraser is darker due to the charcoal.html"_;"title="graphite_and_charcoal">graphite_and_charcoal_dust_that_has_become_incorporated_into_the_eraser A_kneaded_eraser,_also_commonly_known_as_a_putty_rubber,_is_a_pliable_ graphite_and_charcoal_dust_that_has_become_incorporated_into_the_eraser">charcoal.html"_;"title="graphite_and_charcoal">graphite_and_charcoal_dust_that_has_become_incorporated_into_the_eraser A_kneaded_eraser,_also_commonly_known_as_a_putty_rubber,_is_a_pliable_Eraser">erasing_tool_used_by_artists._It_is_usually_made_of_a_grey_or_white_Vulcanization.html" ;"title="Eraser.html" ;"title="charcoal">graphite and charcoal dust that has become incorporated into the eraser">charcoal.html" ;"title="graphite and charcoal">graphite and charcoal dust that has become incorporated into the eraser A kneaded eraser, also commonly known as a putty rubber, is a pliable Eraser">erasing t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eraser
An eraser (also known as a rubber in some Commonwealth countries, including South Africa from the material first used) is an article of stationery that is used for removing marks from paper or skin (e.g. parchment or vellum). Erasers have a rubbery consistency and come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors. Some pencils have an eraser on one end. Less expensive erasers are made from synthetic rubber and synthetic soy-based gum, but more expensive or specialized erasers are made from vinyl, plastic, or gum-like materials. At first, erasers were invented to erase mistakes made with a pencil; later, more abrasive ink erasers were introduced. The term is also used for things that remove marks from chalkboards and whiteboards. History Before rubber erasers used today, tablets of wax were used to erase lead or charcoal marks from paper. Bits of rough stone such as sandstone or pumice were used to remove small errors from parchment or papyrus documents written in ink. Cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vulcanization
Vulcanization (British: Vulcanisation) is a range of processes for hardening rubbers. The term originally referred exclusively to the treatment of natural rubber with sulfur, which remains the most common practice. It has also grown to include the hardening of other (synthetic) rubbers via various means. Examples include silicone rubber via room temperature vulcanizing and chloroprene rubber (neoprene) using metal oxides. Vulcanization can be defined as the curing of elastomers, with the terms 'vulcanization' and 'curing' sometimes used interchangeably in this context. It works by forming cross-links between sections of polymer chain which results in increased rigidity and durability, as well as other changes in the mechanical and electrical properties of the material. Vulcanization, in common with the curing of other thermosetting polymers, is generally irreversible. The word vulcanization is derived from Vulcan, the Roman god of fire and forge. History Rubber—latex†... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green
Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 Nanometre, nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combination of yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors. By far the largest contributor to green in nature is chlorophyll, the chemical by which plants photosynthesis, photosynthesize and convert sunlight into chemical energy. Many creatures have adapted to their green environments by taking on a green hue themselves as camouflage. Several minerals have a green color, including the emerald, which is colored green by its chromium content. During Post-classical history, post-classical and Early modern period, early modern Europe, green was the color commonly assoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blue
Blue is one of the three primary colours in the RYB colour model (traditional colour theory), as well as in the RGB (additive) colour model. It lies between violet and cyan on the spectrum of visible light. The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres. Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colours; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet. The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering. An optical effect called Tyndall effect explains blue eyes. Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called aerial perspective. Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times. The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in the Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments. In the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shades Of Pink
Pink colors are usually light or desaturated shades of reds, roses, and magentas which are created on computer and television screens using the RGB color model and in printing with the CMYK color model. As such, it is an arbitrary classification of color. Below is a list of some of the common pink colors. Computer web color pinks Pink At right is displayed the web color pink. Light pink At right is displayed the web color light pink. The name of the web color is written as "lightpink" (no space) in HTML for computer display. Although this color is called "light pink", as can be ascertained by inspecting its hex code, it is actually a slightly deeper, not a lighter, tint of pink than the color pink itself. A more accurate name for it in terms of traditional color nomenclature would therefore be ''medium light pink''. Hot pink At right is displayed the web color hot pink. The name of the web color is written as "hotpink" (no space) in HTML for computer di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow
Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of light. It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 575585 nm. It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing. In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity. Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas. They absorb light energy and protect plants from photo damage in some cases. Sunlight has a slight yellowish hue when the Sun is near the horizon, due to atmospheric scattering of shorter wavelengths (green, blue, and violet). Because it was widely available, yellow ochre pigment was one of the first colors used in art; the Lascaux cave in France has a painting of a yellow horse 17,000 years old. Ochre and orpiment pigments were us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Putty
Putty is a material with high plasticity, similar in texture to clay or dough, typically used in domestic construction and repair as a sealant or filler. Although some types of putty (typically those using linseed oil) slowly polymerise and become stiff, many putties can be reworked indefinitely, in contrast to other types of filler which typically set solid relatively rapidly. Chemical composition Putty, or lime putty, is made from a mixture of calcium oxide (CaO) and water (H2O) in proportions of 38% and 62% by weight respectively, as result, the solution forms hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) which takes up about a half of the weight. The other putty mixture may be a calcium carbonate (CaCO3, 750-850 parts) based with a admixtures of CaO (ash calcium, 120-180 parts), white cement (40-60 parts), and talc powders in much lower concentrations (fractions). Applications Use in construction Putty has been used extensively in glazing for fixing and sealing panes of glass into woo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absorption (chemistry)
In chemistry, absorption is a physical or chemical phenomenon or a process in which atoms, molecules or ions enter some bulk phase – liquid or solid material. This is a different process from adsorption, since molecules undergoing absorption are taken up by the volume, not by the surface (as in the case for adsorption). A more common definition is that "Absorption is a chemical or physical phenomenon in which the molecules, atoms and ions of the substance getting absorbed enters into the bulk phase (gas, liquid or solid) of the material in which it is taken up." A more general term is ''sorption'', which covers absorption, adsorption, and ion exchange. Absorption is a condition in which something takes in another substance. In many processes important in technology, the chemical absorption is used in place of the physical process, e.g., absorption of carbon dioxide by sodium hydroxide – such acid-base processes do not follow the Nernst partition law (see: solubility). For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graphite
Graphite () is a crystalline form of the element carbon. It consists of stacked layers of graphene. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions. Synthetic and natural graphite are consumed on large scale (300 kton/year, in 1989) for uses in pencils, lubricants, and electrodes. Under high pressures and temperatures it converts to diamond. It is a weak conductor of heat and electricity. Types and varieties Natural graphite The principal types of natural graphite, each occurring in different types of ore deposits, are * Crystalline small flakes of graphite (or flake graphite) occurs as isolated, flat, plate-like particles with hexagonal edges if unbroken. When broken the edges can be irregular or angular; * Amorphous graphite: very fine flake graphite is sometimes called amorphous; * Lump graphite (or vein graphite) occurs in fissure veins or fractures and appears as massive platy intergrowths of fibrous or acicular crystalline ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charcoal
Charcoal is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood (or other animal and plant materials) in minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. In the traditional version of this pyrolysis process, called charcoal burning, often by forming a charcoal kiln, the heat is supplied by burning part of the starting material itself, with a limited supply of oxygen. The material can also be heated in a closed retort. Modern "charcoal" briquettes used for outdoor cooking may contain many other additives, e.g. coal. This process happens naturally when combustion is incomplete, and is sometimes used in radiocarbon dating. It also happens inadvertently while burning wood, as in a fireplace or wood stove. The visible flame in these is due to combustion of the volatile gases exuded as the wood turns into charcoal. The soot and smoke commonly given off by wood fires result from incomplete combustion of those volatiles. Charcoal burns at a higher temper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Line Art
Line art or line drawing is any image that consists of distinct straight lines or curves placed against a background (usually plain), without gradations in shade (darkness) or hue (color) to represent two-dimensional or three-dimensional objects. Line art can use lines of different colors, although line art is usually monochromatic. Techniques Line art emphasizes form and drawings, of several (few) constant widths (as in technical illustrations), or of freely varying widths (as in brush work or engraving). Line art may tend towards realism (as in much of Gustave Doré's work), or it may be a caricature, cartoon, ideograph, or glyph. Form One of the most fundamental elements of art is the line. An important feature of a line is that it indicates the edge of a two-dimensional (flat) shape or a three-dimensional form. A shape can be indicated by means of an outline, and a three-dimensional form can be indicated by contour lines.Sayre, Henry M. ''A World of Art''. Prentice Hall. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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