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Kaliganj Massacre
Kaliganj massacre ( bn, কালিগঞ্জ গণহত্যা) refers to the massacre of over 400 unarmed Bengali Hindus in East Pakistan fleeing to India in Kaliganj market, in the present day Jaldhaka Upazila of Nilphamari District on 27 April 1971. An estimated 400 Bengali Hindus were killed by the occupying Pakistan Army. It is alleged that this massacre was masterminded by Muslim League leader and central minister Kazi Abdul Kader. Background In 1971, Kaliganj market fell under Jaldhaka police station of Nilphamari sub-division of the erstwhile greater Rangpur district. Now, known as the Bangabandhu market, it falls under the Golna Union of Jaldhaka Upazila of Nilphamari District in Rangpur Division. The Bangabandhu market is situated 9 km to the north west of Jaldhaka Upazila headquarters. Killings In 1971, when the Pakistan army launched a genocidal campaign in Bangladesh, the Bengali Hindus of the area began to flee to India. On 27 April, more than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Scheme, One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India and Myanmar, with a coastline on the Bay of Bengal. East Pakistanis were popularly known as "Pakistani Bengalis"; to distinguish this region from India's state West Bengal (which is also known as "Indian Bengal"), East Pakistan was known as "Pakistani Bengal". In 1971, East Pakistan became the newly independent state Bangladesh, which means "country of Bengal" in Bengali. East Pakistan was renamed from East Bengal by the One Unit Scheme of Pakistani Prime Minister Mohammad Ali of Bogra. The Constitution of Pakistan of 1956 replaced the Pakistani monarchy with an Islamic republic. Bengali politician H. S. Suhrawardy served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan between 1956 and 1957 and a Bengali bureaucrat Iskander Mirza became the first Presid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1971 Bangladesh Genocide
The genocide in Bangladesh began on 25 March 1971 with the launch of Operation Searchlight, as the government of Pakistan, dominated by West Pakistan, began a military crackdown on East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to suppress Bengali people, Bengali calls for self-determination. During the nine-month-long Bangladesh Liberation War, members of the Pakistan Armed Forces and supporting pro-Pakistani Islamist militias from Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan, Jamaat-e-Islami killed between 300,000 and 3,000,000 people and raped between 200,000 and 400,000 Bengali women, in a systematic campaign of genocidal rape. The Government of Bangladesh states 3,000,000 people were killed during the genocide, making it the List of genocides by death toll, largest genocide since the Holocaust during World War II. The actions against women were supported by Pakistan's religious leaders, who declared that Bengali women were ''gonimoter maal'' (Bengali for "public property"). As a result of the conflict, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacres Committed By Pakistan In East Pakistan
A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be moral judgement, morally unacceptable, especially when perpetrated by a group of political faction, political actors against defenseless victims. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". A "massacre" is not necessarily a "crime against humanity". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing. Etymology The modern definition of ''massacre'' as "indiscriminate slaughter, carnage", and the subsequent verb of this form, derive from late 16th century Middle French, evolved from Middle French ''"macacre, macecle"'' meaning "slaughterhouse, butchery". Further origins are dubious, though may be related to Latin ''macellum'' "provisions store, butcher shop". The Middle French word ''macecr'' "b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacres In 1971
A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when perpetrated by a group of political actors against defenseless victims. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". A "massacre" is not necessarily a "crime against humanity". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing. Etymology The modern definition of ''massacre'' as "indiscriminate slaughter, carnage", and the subsequent verb of this form, derive from late 16th century Middle French, evolved from Middle French ''"macacre, macecle"'' meaning "slaughterhouse, butchery". Further origins are dubious, though may be related to Latin ''macellum'' "provisions store, butcher shop". The Middle French word ''macecr'' "butchery, carnage" is first record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution By Muslims
Religious persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or a group of individuals as a response to their religious beliefs or affiliations or their lack thereof. The tendency of societies or groups within societies to alienate or repress different subcultures is a recurrent theme in human history. Moreover, because a person's religion often determines their sense of morality, worldview, self-image, attitudes towards others, and overall personal identity to a significant extent, religious differences can be significant cultural, personal, and social factors. Religious persecution may be triggered by religious bigotry (i.e. when members of a dominant group denigrate religions other than their own) or it may be triggered by the state when it views a particular religious group as a threat to its interests or security. At a societal level, the dehumanization of a particular religious group may readily lead to violence or other forms of persecution. Religious persecuti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution Of Hindus
Hindus have experienced both historical and ongoing religious persecution and systematic violence, in the form of forced conversions, documented massacres, genocides, demolition and desecration of temples, as well as the destruction of educational centres. Definition of persecution Divya Sharma, a sociologist and law scholar, establishes that religious persecution is the "systematic mistreatment of people (individual or group) due to their religious beliefs". Persecution is any systematic mistreatment where the victims experience "suffering, harassment, fear, pain, imprisonment, internment". In cases of religious groups, persecution denies or limits religious freedoms. This includes state supported acts such as destroying or defacing religious icons and buildings, or targeting properties shared by a religious community during peace or war. Mohamed S.M. Eltayeb, writing on "the definition and understanding of internal persecution among Muslims" in the present time, states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1971 In Bangladesh
The year 1971 was the year when Bangladesh achieved independence and emerged as a sovereign country. Incumbents * President: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (starting 17 April) * Prime Minister: Tajuddin Ahmad (starting 17 April) Events March * 2 March – First hoisting of the National flag of Bangladesh (initial version) at the Dhaka University by Vice President of Dhaka University Students' Union (DUCSU) leader A. S. M. Abdur Rab. * 7 March – Sheikh Mujibur Rahman makes his historic freedom speech. * 25 March – Pakistan Army launches Operation Searchlight at midnight on the 25th, marking the start of the 1971 Bangladesh atrocities. Sheikh Mujib is arrested. (to 26 March) * 26 March – Sheikh Mujib declares the independence of Bangladesh before his arrest by Pakistani Army. * 27 March – Major Ziaur Rahman broadcasts the declaration of independence on behalf of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman over the radio. * 31 March – Kushtia resistance begins. April * 2 April – Jin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacres Of Bengali Hindus In East Pakistan
A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when perpetrated by a group of political actors against defenseless victims. The word is a loan of a French term for "butchery" or "carnage". A "massacre" is not necessarily a "crime against humanity". Other terms with overlapping scope include war crime, pogrom, mass killing, mass murder, and extrajudicial killing. Etymology The modern definition of ''massacre'' as "indiscriminate slaughter, carnage", and the subsequent verb of this form, derive from late 16th century Middle French, evolved from Middle French ''"macacre, macecle"'' meaning "slaughterhouse, butchery". Further origins are dubious, though may be related to Latin ''macellum'' "provisions store, butcher shop". The Middle French word ''macecr'' "butchery, carnage" is first record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangpur Division
Rangpur Division ( bn, রংপুর বিভাগ) is one of the Divisions in Bangladesh. It was formed on 25 January 2010, as Bangladesh's 7th division. Before that, it was under Rajshahi Division. The Rangpur division consists of eight districts. There are 58 Upazilas or subdistricts under these eight districts. Rangpur is the northernmost division of Bangladesh and has a population of 15,665,000 in the 2011 Census. The major cities of this new division are Rangpur, Saidpur and Dinajpur. Rangpur has well-known educational institutions, such as Carmichael College, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Rangpur Medical College, Rangpur Cadet College, Begum Rokeya University and Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology, Saidpur. Mansingh, commander of Emperor Akbar, conquered part of Rangpur in 1575. Rangpur came completely under the Mughal empire in 1686. Mughalbasa and Mughalhat of Kurigram district still bear marks of the Mughal rule in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengali Hindus
Bengali Hindus ( bn, বাঙ্গালী হিন্দু/বাঙালি হিন্দু, translit=Bāṅgālī Hindu/Bāṅāli Hindu) are an ethnoreligious population who make up the majority in the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Jharkhand, and Assam's Barak Valley region. In Bangladesh, they form the largest minority. They are adherents of Hinduism and are native to the Bengal region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. Comprising about one-thirds of the global Bengali population, they are the second-largest ethnic group among Hindus after Hindustani Hindus. Bengali Hindus speak Bengali, which belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and adhere to Shaktism (majority, the Kalikula tradition) or Vaishnavism (minority, Gaudiya Vaishnavism and Vaishnava-Sahajiya) of their native religion Hinduism with some regional deities. There are significant numbers of Bengali-speaking Hindus in different Indian states. Aro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazi Abdul Kader
Kazi Abdul Kader (1914–2002) was a Pakistani and later Bangladeshi politician. He served as a member of parliament in both the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly and Bangladesh Jatiya Sangsad. Early life Kader was born in 1914 within Rangpur, British India. Political career Pakistan Kader served as a central minister in the government of East Pakistan. He was the Food & Agriculture Minister of the erstwhile East Pakistan government and a leader of the Convention Muslim League. Bangladesh Kader contested the second Bangladeshi general election in 1979 on a ticket from the Muslim League. He contested from the seat Rangpur-3 and won the constituency. He contested again from the Muslim League during the 1991 Bangladeshi general election, this time from Nilphamari-3. He came in fifth place with 4,834 votes (4.34%). Personal life Kader was married twice. His first wife was Lutfa Kader from Murshidabad, West Bengal, India and he had six sons and one daughter with her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convention Muslim League
The Convention Muslim League (CML) was a faction of the Pakistan Muslim League that split-off in 1962, in support of the military regime of the President of Pakistan, General Ayub Khan. The opposition party was known as the Council Muslim League The Council Muslim League was a faction of the Pakistan Muslim League that divided from the Convention Muslim League that was supportive of the military regime of the President of Pakistan Gen. Ayub Khan. Sardar Muhammad Zafarullah, Mian Mumtaz .... Convention Muslim League contested presidential election of Pakistan held in 1965. CML's electoral symbol was a rose. See also * Muslim League Schisms References {{reflist 1962 establishments in Pakistan Muslim League Muslim League breakaway groups Defunct political parties in Pakistan Political parties established in 1962 Political parties with year of disestablishment missing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
