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Kalapani (Indian Expatriates In UK)
Kalapani refers to the Indians who crossed the sea to live in the UK during the British regime in 18th and 19th century. The process of crossing the seas was called Kalapani and was banned in major Indian religions at that time. Expatriates were mainly sailors and servants who used to live with their British masters. A large number of concubines accompanied their men as well. In most parts, they went in an agreement to come back after a certain period of time which they failed in many cases. Many of them turned into beggars or prostitutes as a result. Later a law was passed to ensure the rights of expatriates. Sailors In 1803 there were more than two hundred sailors and by the year 1807, the number crossed over a thousand. Most of them were unable to return for lack of money and many were tortured and even killed by British captains. A company regulation was passed to protect their rights which merely protected them from dangers. Sailors had to escape and live in Britain to avoid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many List of islands of the United Kingdom, smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is , with an estimated 2020 population of more than 67 million people. The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kala Pani (taboo)
The kala pani (lit. ''black water'') represents the proscription of the over reaching seas in Hinduism. According to this prohibition, crossing the seas to foreign lands causes the loss of one's social respectability, as well as the putrefaction of one’s cultural character and posterity. History The offense of crossing the sea is also known as "Samudrolanghana" or "Sagarollanghana". The Dharma Sutra of Baudhayana (II.1.2.2) lists sea voyages as first of the offenses that cause the loss of varna. The Dharma Sutra suggests a person can wipe away this offense in three years by eating little at every fourth meal time; bathing at dawn, noon and dusk; standing during the day; and seated during the night. The reasons behind the proscription include the inability to carry out the daily rituals of traditional Hindu life and the sin of contact with the characterless, uncivilized mleccha creatures of the foreign lands. An associated notion was that crossing the ocean entailed the end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prothom Alo
''The Daily Prothom Alo'' ( bn, প্রথম আলো) is a daily newspaper in Bangladesh, published from Dhaka in the Bengali language. It is the largest circulated newspaper in Bangladesh. According to National Media Survey 2018, conducted by Kantar MRB Bangladesh, ''Prothom Alo'' has more than 6.6 million daily readership online. According to Alexa Internet, an American web traffic analysis company, the online portal of ''Prothom Alo'' is the most visited Bengal website in the world. History ''Prothom Alo'' was founded on 4 November 1998. The circulation of ''Prothom Alo'' grew from an initial circulation of 42,000 to a circulation of a half million copies. The newspaper distinguished itself by its investigations of acid attacks and violence against women and pushing for tougher laws against the sale of acid. From press facilities located in Dhaka, Chittagong and Bogra, around 5,00,000 copies (as of March ‘2014) are circulated each day. According to National Media Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sake Dean Mahomet
Sake Dean Mahomed (1759–1851) was an Bengali traveller, surgeon, entrepreneur, and one of the most notable early non-European immigrants to the Western World. Due to non-standard transliteration, his name is often spelled in various ways. His high social status meant that he adopted the honorific "Sake" ( Sheikh) meaning "venerable one". Mahomed introduced Indian cuisine and shampoo baths to Europe, where he offered therapeutic massage. He was also the first Indian to publish a book in English. Early life Born in May 1759 in the city of Patna, then part of the Bengal Presidency in British India, he was from a Bengali Muslim family. He claimed to be related to the Nawabs of Bengal, and that he had ancestors who worked in administrative service under the Mughal Emperors. Sake Dean Mahomed grew up in Patna. His father served in the East India Company's Bengal Army and died in battle when Mahomed was about 11 years old. Following his father's death, he was taken under the wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itesham Uddin
Mīrzā Sayyid Muḥammad Iʿtiṣām ad-Dīn ibn Tāj ad-Dīn ibn Shahāb ad-Dīn Panchnūrī or Itesham Uddin ( bn, মির্জা সৈয়দ মোহাম্মদ ইতেশামুদ্দীন পাঁচনূরী, fa, ), was a Bengali diplomat for the Mughal Empire and the first educated South Asian to travel to Europe, in 1765. He was also a munshi serving the Nawabs of Bengal as well as the British East India Company.C. A. Storey, Persian Literature: A Bio-Bibliographical Survey, Volume 1, Part 2, Psychology Press, 2002, p.1142 He had also written the text of the 1765 Treaty of Allahabad. Early life and ancestry Sayyid Muhammad I'tisam-ud-Din was born in 1730, to Sheikh Sayyid Taj-ud-Din, at the local Kazipara Masjid near his village. He belonged to a Bengali Muslim family of Sheikhs from the village of Panchnur; near the town of Chakdaha within Nadia district in the Mughal Empire's Bengal SubahC.E. Buckland, Dictionary of Indian Biography, Haske ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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