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Julius Rupp
Julius Friedrich Leopold Rupp (13 August 1809 – 11 July 1884) was a Prussian Protestant theologian. He founded the first Free Protestant Congregation in Königsberg, which rejected all state or church control and believed in absolute freedom of conscience for its members. Early years Julius Friedrich Leopold Rupp was born in Königsberg, Prussia on 13 August 1809. His father was an accountant in a government office. He attended the ''Altstädtische Gymnasium'' (Old Town Secondary School) until 1827. His father, Johann Friedrich Rupp, died in 1820. His mother, Juliane Caroline Wolff, died in 1843. He had two siblings, who both died young. Julius Rupp studied theology and philosophy at the University of Königsberg 1827–30, and was a student of Johann Friedrich Herbart. He then spent two years at the Wittenberg Theological Seminary, where he was ordained and earned a PhD in parallel in 1832. He became close to Richard Rothe at the seminary, the most original proponent of "media ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Königsberg
Königsberg (, ) was the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Königsberg was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named in honour of King Ottokar II of Bohemia. A Baltic port city, it successively became the capital of the Królewiec Voivodeship, the State of the Teutonic Order, the Duchy of Prussia and the provinces of East Prussia and Prussia. Königsberg remained the coronation city of the Prussian monarchy, though the capital was moved to Berlin in 1701. Between the thirteenth and the twentieth centuries, the inhabitants spoke predominantly German, but the multicultural city also had a profound influence upon the Lithuanian and Polish cultures. The city was a publishing center of Lutheran literature, including the first Polish translation of the New Testament, printed in the city in 1551, the first book in Lithuanian and the first Lutheran catechism, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Adolf Wislicenus
Gustav Adolf Wislicenus (20 November 1803 in Battaune, Prussian Saxony – 14 October 1875 in Fluntern, part of Zurich) was a German theologian, one of the leaders of the Free Congregations. Biography He studied theology at Halle, and as member of the Burschenschaft was sentenced in 1824 to twelve years' confinement in a fortress. He was pardoned in 1829 and continued his studies in Berlin. In 1841 he became pastor at Halle, and became associated with the Friends of Light, and in consequence of a lecture delivered at Köthen in 1844, was deprived of his pastorate in 1846. He then a became a preacher of the free congregation at Halle.Wislicenus, Gustav Adolf McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia His pamphlet "''Die Bibel im Lichte der Bildung unserer Zeit''" caused him to be sentenced to two years' impri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottilie Baader
Ottilie Baader (30 May 184724 July 1925) was a German women's rights activist and socialist. In 1900–1908, she was a central agent (german: Zentralvertrauensperson) of the comrades of Germany (Social Democratic Party). Baader was one of the founders of the first trade union organization for women in Germany. Early life Ottilie Baader was born on 30 May 1847 in Raake (today Raków, Poland). She was the oldest daughter of four children in the family. Her mother died in 1855 and she was raised by her father. She attended school in Frankfurt/Oder for four years. Nevertheless, Baader managed to get a relatively good education, as her father gave her evening lessons at home. At the age of 13, Baader moved with her family to Berlin and was employed at a factory working for 12 hours a day as a manual worker, later a seamstress. In 1879, Baader gave her first speech in a gathering of shift workers that made the breakthrough in public. Under the impression of Karl Marx's ''Das K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emma Ihrer
Emma Ihrer (3 January 1857 – 8 January 1911) was a German feminist and trade unionist who was active in founding societies to defend the rights of women workers. Background Emma Ihrer was born at a time when women were disenfranchised, and under the reactionary Prussian Association law of 1850 were forbidden participation in political associations. The authorities could define "political" as they chose. In October 1878 the first of the Anti-Socialist Laws arbitrarily deprived members of the Social Democratic Party and those associated with it of the right of association. It was not until the Association Act of 15 May 1908 that women were allowed to take part in political activities and organizations. Working women faced opposition from working men, who saw them as unwelcome competition, as well as from the authoritarian state which denied them basic civil rights. Early years Emma Rother was born on 3 January 1857 in Glatz, Lower Silesia, the daughter of a shoemaker. She was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Käthe Kollwitz
Käthe Kollwitz ( born as Schmidt; 8 July 1867 – 22 April 1945) was a German artist who worked with painting, printmaking (including etching, lithography and woodcuts) and sculpture. Her most famous art cycles, including ''The Weavers'' and ''The Peasant War'', depict the effects of poverty, hunger and war on the working class. Despite the realism of her early works, her art is now more closely associated with Expressionism. Kollwitz was the first woman not only to be elected to the Prussian Academy of Arts but also to receive honorary professor status. Life and work Youth Kollwitz was born in Königsberg, Prussia, as the fifth child in her family. Her father, Karl Schmidt, was a radical Social democrat who became a mason and house builder. Her mother, Katherina Schmidt, was the daughter of Julius Rupp, a Lutheran pastor who was expelled from the official Evangelical State Church and founded an independent congregation. Her education and her art were greatly influenced by her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel Of Matthew
The Gospel of Matthew), or simply Matthew. It is most commonly abbreviated as "Matt." is the first book of the New Testament of the Bible and one of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells how Israel's Messiah, Jesus, comes to his people and forms a community of disciples, of how he taught the people through such events as the Sermon on the Mount and its Beatitudes, and how Israel becomes divided and how Jesus condemns this hostile Israel. This culminates in his departure from the Temple and his execution. At this point many people reject Jesus, and on his resurrection he sends the disciples to the gentiles. Matthew seems to emphasize that the Jewish tradition should not be lost in a church that was increasingly becoming gentile. The gospel reflects the struggles and conflicts between the evangelist's community and the other Jews, particularly with its sharp criticism of the scribes and Pharisees with the position that through their rejection of Christ, the Kingdom of God h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preußisch Eylau
Bagrationovsk (russian: Багратио́новск; german: Preußisch Eylau; pl, Pruska Iława or '; lt, Ylava or ') is a town and the administrative center of Bagrationovsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located close to the border with Poland, south of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast. It has a population of History In 1325, the Teutonic Knights built an Ordensburg castle called "Yladia"Schulz 1998 or "Ilaw", later known as "Preussisch Eylau", in the center of the Old Prussian region Natangia. 'Ylow' is the Old Prussian term for 'mud' or 'swamp'. The settlement nearby developed in 1336, but in 1348 the Teutonic Order gave the privilege to establish twelve pubs in the area around the castle. Although the settlement had only a few inhabitants, due to its central position it was often used as meeting place for officials of the Order. In 1454, King Casimir IV Jagiellon incorporated the region to the Kingdom of Poland upon the request of the anti- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavskoye, Russia
Slavskoye (russian: Сла́вское; german: Kreuzburg in Ostpreußen; pl, Krzyżbork; lt, Kryžbarkas) is a settlement in the Bagrationovsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located south of Kaliningrad. History In 1240, the Teutonic Knights founded a castle (''Creutzburg'' or ''Kreuzburg'', meaning `cross castle') in the region of Natangia at the location of an Old Prussians settlement. In 1315 Kreuzburg received its town privileges. Throughout the Hunger War in 1414, 71 houses were destroyed and five citizens were killed by the Polish troops. In 1440 the town joined the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation, at the request of which Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon signed the act of incorporation of the region to the Kingdom of Poland in 1454. During the subsequent Thirteen Years' War the town suffered heavy damages, and after the war, per the peace treaty signed in Toruń in 1466, it became a part of Poland as a fief held by the Teutonic Knights.Górski, pp. 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domnau
Domnovo (russian: До́мново; german: Domnau; pl, Domnowo; lt, Dumnava) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Pravdinsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located near the Poland–Russia border, about southeast of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast, and west of Pravdinsk, the administrative center of the district. Population: 820 ( 2010 Census).Kaliningradstat2010 Census Results History German settlers arrived in the area probably during the 13th century and 1300 the Teutonic Order erected a castle ''(Ordensburg)'' to protect a crossroad here. The town, a so-called lischke, grew up around the castle. A church and a school existed at least from 1319, and from 1437 the town had town rights. In 1440 the town joined the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation, at the request of which Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon signed the act of incorporation of the region to the Kingdom of Poland in 1454. During the subsequent Thirteen Years' War, the castle wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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