Juan Alfonso De La Cerda
Juan Alfonso de la Cerda (1295 – August 7, 1347) was Lord of Gibraleón, Huelva, Real de Manzanares and Deza. He was the son of Alfonso de la Cerda, grandson of Ferdinand de la Cerda. His mother was Matile of Brienne, daughter of John I of Brienne, Count of Eu. He married Maria Alfonso de Portugal (illegitimate daughter of King Denis of Portugal). He served under Alfonso XI of Castile Alfonso XI (13 August 131126 March 1350), called the Avenger (''el Justiciero''), was King of Castile and León. He was the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal. Upon his father's death in 1312, several disputes ... in the battle of Gibraltar in 1333. He also took part in the Siege of Algeciras (1342-1344), which culminated in the city's surrender in 1344. References 14th-century Castilians 1347 deaths 1295 births {{spain-noble-stub ...
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House Of La Cerda
House de la Cerda is a noble line of the Crown of Castile descending from the ''Infante'' Ferdinand de la Cerda, eldest son of King Alfonso X. It was one of four noble lineages that arose directly from the Castilian royal family during the thirteenth century and is the origin of the Dukes of Medinaceli. The origin of the lineage stems from ''Infante'' Alfonso de la Cerda (1270–1333), son of the heir to the throne, ''Infante'' Ferdinand de la Cerda who died before his father, Alfonso X. The Alfonso X always stated his successor was his grandson Alfonso de la Cerda, instead of his second son, ''Infante'' Sancho. This motivated Sancho to revolt against his father. After a long civil war Sancho was finally crowned. Following an unsuccessful invasion by Aragon and Portugal, a peace settlement removed the ''Infante'' de la Cerdas from contention for the Castilian throne.''Medieval Iberia: An Encyclopedia'', Ed. E. Michael Gerli, Samuel G. Armistead, (Taylor and Francis, 2003), 427 ...
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Alfonso De La Cerda
Alfonso de la Cerda, (Valladolid 1270 - Ávila 1333), called "the Disinherited", was the elder son of Ferdinand de la Cerda and his wife Blanche of France, and was a grandson of Alfonso X of Castile. Alfonso and his brother Fernando were candidates for the Castilian-Leonese crown during the reigns of Sancho IV of Castile, Ferdinand IV of Castile and Alfonso XI of Castile. In 1331, Alfonso renounced his rights and swore allegiance to Alfonso XI of Castile. Biography When Ferdinand de la Cerda died in 1275, Alfonso's grandmother, Violant of Aragon, took him and his newborn brother Fernando to Aragon. They were kept there 13 years in the fortress of Xàtiva. Alfonso's grandfather, King Alfonso X of Castile, established a division of his realm. Sancho was to inherit Castile and Alfonso was to inherit León, according to historian Joaquín Cuevas Aller. After Alfonso X's death in 1284, the Leonese throne was usurped by Sancho, who would reign as Sancho IV. In September 128 ...
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Roman Catholicism
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The bishopric of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small enclave of the Italian city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it ...
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Ferdinand De La Cerda
Ferdinand is a Germanic name composed of the elements "protection", "peace" (PIE "to love, to make peace") or alternatively "journey, travel", Proto-Germanic , abstract noun from root "to fare, travel" (PIE , "to lead, pass over"), and "courage" or "ready, prepared" related to Old High German "to risk, venture." The name was adopted in Romance languages from its use in the Visigothic Kingdom. It is reconstructed as either Gothic or . It became popular in German-speaking Europe only from the 16th century, with Habsburg rule over Spain. Variants of the name include , , , and in Spanish, in Catalan, and and in Portuguese. The French forms are , '' Fernand'', and , and it is '' Ferdinando'' and in Italian. In Hungarian both and are used equally. The Dutch forms are and ''Ferry''. There are numerous short forms in many languages, such as the Finnish . There is a feminine Spanish, Portuguese and Italian form, . Royalty Aragón/León/Castile/Spain * Ferdi ...
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John I Of Brienne, Count Of Eu
John I of Brienne (died 12 June 1294) was the son of Alphonso of Brienne and Marie de Lusigan. His mother was the heiress of Eu, Seine-Maritime, and he succeeded his father as Count of Eu in 1270. He married Beatrice, the daughter of Guy III, Count of Saint-Pol. They had: # John II of Brienne, Count of Eu # Isabelle (d. 1302 or 1307), married John II of Dampierre, Viscount of Troyes (d. c.1307) # Jeanne (d. aft. 12 March 1325), married first Raymond VI, Viscount of Turenne (d. 1304), married second before 4 August 1314 Renauld, Lord of Picquigny, vidame of Amiens (d. 1315) # Marguerite (d. 1310), married Guy, Viscount of Thouars (d. 1308). Guy was the son of Aimery IX and Margaret of Lusignan, who was the daughter of Hugh X of Lusignan and Isabella of Angoulême. # Mahaut (d. aft. 1328), married Alfonso de la Cerda John died at Clermont-en-Beauvaisis Clermont () is a commune in the Oise department in northern France. Clermont-de-l'Oise station has rail connections to A ...
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Denis Of Portugal
Denis (, ; 9 October 1261 – 7 January 1325 in Santarém), called the Farmer King (''Rei Lavrador'') and the Poet King (''Rei Poeta''), was King of Portugal. The eldest son of Afonso III of Portugal by his second wife, Beatrice of Castile, and grandson of Afonso II of Portugal, Denis succeeded his father in 1279. His marriage to Elizabeth of Aragon, who was later canonised as a saint of the Roman Catholic Church, was arranged in 1281 when she was 10 years old. Denis ruled Portugal for over 46 years. He worked to reorganise his country's economy and gave an impetus to Portuguese agriculture. He ordered the planting of a large pine forest (that still exists today) near Leiria to prevent the soil degradation that threatened the region and to serve as a source of raw materials for the construction of the royal ships. He was also known for his poetry, which constitutes an important contribution to the development of Portuguese as a literary language. Reign In 1290, Denis began to ...
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Alfonso XI Of Castile
Alfonso XI (13 August 131126 March 1350), called the Avenger (''el Justiciero''), was King of Castile and León. He was the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal. Upon his father's death in 1312, several disputes ensued over who would hold regency, which were resolved in 1313. Once Alfonso was declared an adult in 1325, he began a reign that would serve to strengthen royal power. His achievements include the victory in the Battle of Río Salado over Granadans and Marinids and the Castilian control over the Strait of Gibraltar. Life Minority Born on 13 August 1311 in Salamanca, he was the son of King Ferdinand IV of Castile and Constance of Portugal. His father died when Alfonso was one year old. His grandmother, María de Molina, his mother Constance, his granduncle Infante John of Castile, son of King Alfonso X of Castile and uncle Infante Peter of Castile, son of King Sancho IV assumed the regency. His mother died first on 18 November 1313, ...
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Battle Of Gibraltar (1333)
The Battle of Gibraltar may refer to: * Battle of the Strait of Gibraltar, a naval battle of 1591 * Battle of Gibraltar (1607), a naval battle during the Eighty Years' War * Battle of Gibraltar (1618), a minor naval battle during the Eighty Years' War * Battle of Gibraltar (1621), a naval battle during the Eighty Years' War * Capture of Gibraltar, a 1704 engagement during the War of the Spanish Succession See also * List of sieges of Gibraltar There have been fourteen recorded sieges of Gibraltar. Although the peninsula of Gibraltar is only long and wide, it occupies an extremely strategic location on the southern Iberian coast at the western entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. I ...

Siege Of Algeciras (1342-1344)
The Battle of Algeciras or Siege of Algeciras may refer to: * Siege of Algeciras (1278) * Battle of Algeciras (1278) * Siege of Algeciras (1309) * Siege of Algeciras (1342-1344) * Siege of Algeciras (1369) * Battle of Algeciras (1801) or the Algeciras Campaign ** First Battle of Algeciras ** Second Battle of Algeciras The Second Battle of Algeciras (also known as the Battle of the Gut of Gibraltar) was a naval battle fought on the night of 12 July 1801 (23 messidor an IX of the French Republican Calendar) between a squadron of British Royal Navy ships of ...

14th-century Castilians
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was a century lasting from 1 January 1301 ( MCCCI), to 31 December 1400 ( MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV, King of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III, King of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever establ ...
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1347 Deaths
Year 1347 ( MCCCXLVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. Events January–December * January 26 – Charles University in Prague is founded by a bull issued by Pope Clement VI at the request of Charles I, King of Bohemia. * February 2 – The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 between John VI Kantakouzenos and the regency for John V Palaiologos ends with Kantakouzenos entering Constantinople. * April – The Knights Hospitaller defeat a Turkish fleet, and sink 100 ships off Imbros. * May ** The agreement reorganizing the Byzantine Empire's affairs is finalized, as Anna of Savoy's son John V Palaiologos marries Kantakouzenos' 15-year-old daughter Helena. ** Genoese ships fleeing the 1331 Black Death plague in Theodosia stop in Constantinople, contaminating the city. * May 20 ...
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