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Josephson
Josephson is a patronymic surname meaning "son of Joseph". Notable people with the surname include: * Andy Josephson (born 1964), American lawyer and politician * Brian David Josephson (born 1940), Welsh physicist * Duane Josephson (1942–1997), American baseball player * Erland Josephson (1923–2012), Swedish actor and author * Erik Josephson (1864–1929), Swedish architect * Ernst Josephson (1851–1906), Swedish painter * Ian Josephson, Canadian judge * Julien Josephson (1881–1959), American motion picture screenwriter * Karen Josephson (born 1964), American swimmer * Les Josephson (1942–2020), American football player * Mark Josephson (1943–2017), American cardiac electrophysiologist * Matthew Josephson (1899–1978), American journalist and author * Samantha Josephson (died 2019), American murder victim * Sarah Josephson (born 1964), American swimmer * Timothy Josephson, American politician See also * Josephson effect, used in quantum-mechanical circuits, with related ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian David Josephson
Brian David Josephson (born 4 January 1940) is a Welsh theoretical physicist and professor emeritus of physics at the University of Cambridge. Best known for his pioneering work on superconductivity and quantum tunnelling, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 for his prediction of the Josephson effect, made in 1962 when he was a 22-year-old PhD student at Cambridge University. Josephson is the only Welshman to have won a Nobel Prize in Physics. He shared the prize with physicists Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever, who jointly received half the award for their own work on quantum tunnelling."Brian D. Josephson" ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Josephson has spent his academic career as a member of the Theory of Condensed Matter group at Cambridge's [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josephson Penetration Depth
In physics, the Josephson effect is a phenomenon that occurs when two superconductors are placed in proximity, with some barrier or restriction between them. It is an example of a macroscopic quantum phenomenon, where the effects of quantum mechanics are observable at ordinary, rather than atomic, scale. The Josephson effect has many practical applications because it exhibits a precise relationship between different physics quantities, such as voltage and frequency, facilitating highly accurate measurements. The Josephson effect produces a current, known as a supercurrent, that flows continuously without any voltage applied, across a device known as a Josephson junction (JJ). These consist of two or more superconductors coupled by a weak link. The weak link can be a thin insulating barrier (known as a superconductor–insulator–superconductor junction, or S-I-S), a short section of non-superconducting metal (S-N-S), or a physical constriction that weakens the superconductivit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josephson Energy
In physics, the Josephson effect is a phenomenon that occurs when two superconductors are placed in proximity, with some barrier or restriction between them. It is an example of a macroscopic quantum phenomenon, where the effects of quantum mechanics are observable at ordinary, rather than atomic, scale. The Josephson effect has many practical applications because it exhibits a precise relationship between different physics quantities, such as voltage and frequency, facilitating highly accurate measurements. The Josephson effect produces a current, known as a supercurrent, that flows continuously without any voltage applied, across a device known as a Josephson junction (JJ). These consist of two or more superconductors coupled by a weak link. The weak link can be a thin insulating barrier (known as a superconducting tunnel junction, superconductor–insulator–superconductor junction, or S-I-S), a short section of non-superconducting metal (S-N-S), or a physical constriction th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josephson Effect
In physics, the Josephson effect is a phenomenon that occurs when two superconductors are placed in proximity, with some barrier or restriction between them. It is an example of a macroscopic quantum phenomenon, where the effects of quantum mechanics are observable at ordinary, rather than atomic, scale. The Josephson effect has many practical applications because it exhibits a precise relationship between different physics quantities, such as voltage and frequency, facilitating highly accurate measurements. The Josephson effect produces a current, known as a supercurrent, that flows continuously without any voltage applied, across a device known as a Josephson junction (JJ). These consist of two or more superconductors coupled by a weak link. The weak link can be a thin insulating barrier (known as a superconductor–insulator–superconductor junction, or S-I-S), a short section of non-superconducting metal (S-N-S), or a physical constriction that weakens the superconductivit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murder Of Samantha Josephson
The murder of Samantha Josephson, a student at University of South Carolina, in Columbia, South Carolina, occurred on March 29, 2019. Josephson, 21, had ordered an Uber and mistakenly entered a car that she thought was her ride. Nathaniel Rowland used childproof locks to prevent Josephson from leaving the vehicle and kidnapped and murdered her, leaving her body near New Zion, South Carolina65 miles (105 km) from Columbia, where she had entered Rowland's car. Rowland was arrested the next day, and charged with kidnapping and murdering Josephson. A trial began on July 20, 2021. On July 27, the jury found Rowland guilty of Josephson's kidnapping and murder and the judge sentenced him to life in prison. The killing attracted national attention and led to discussion about the dangers of ridesharing and the importance of ensuring that a rideshare car is being driven by a registered driver prior to entering. The murder led to the passage of Sami’s Law in New Jersey, which enhanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pi Josephson Junction
A Josephson junction is a quantum mechanical device which is made of two superconducting electrodes separated by a barrier (thin insulating tunnel barrier, normal metal, semiconductor, ferromagnet, etc.). A Josephson junction is a Josephson junction in which the Josephson phase ''φ'' equals in the ground state, i.e. when no external current or magnetic field is applied. Background The supercurrent ''I''''s'' through a Josephson junction (JJ) is generally given by ''I''''s'' = ''I''''c''sin(''φ''), where φ is the phase difference of the superconducting wave functions of the two electrodes, i.e. the Josephson phase. The critical current ''I''''c'' is the maximum supercurrent that can exist through the Josephson junction. In experiment, one usually causes some current through the Josephson junction and the junction reacts by changing the Josephson phase. From the above formula it is clear that the phase ''φ'' = arcsin(''I''/''I''''c''), where ''I'' is the applied (super)curr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Josephson
Ernst Abraham Josephson (1851-1906) was a Swedish painter and poet. He specialized in portraits, genre scenes of folklife and folklore. Background He was born to a middle-class family of merchants of Jewish ancestry. His uncle, Ludvig Josephson (1832-1899) was a dramatist and his uncle Jacob Axel Josephson (1818-1880) was a composer. When he was ten, his father Ferdinand Semy Ferdinand Josephson (1814-1861) left home and he was raised by his mother, Gustafva Jacobsson (1819-1881) and three older sisters. Career With his family's support, Josephson began to pursue art professionally at the age of sixteen, enrolling at the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts. His primary instructors there were Johan Christoffer Boklund and August Malmström. He was there until 1876, when he received a Royal Medal for painting. After leaving the academy, he and his friend and fellow artist Severin Nilsson (1846-1918) visited Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands, where they studied the works o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josephson Vortex
In superconductivity, a Josephson vortex (after Brian Josephson from Cambridge University) is a quantum vortex of supercurrents in a Josephson junction (see Josephson effect). The supercurrents circulate around the vortex center which is situated inside the Josephson barrier, unlike Abrikosov vortices in type-II superconductors, which are located in the superconducting condensate. Abrikosov vortices (after Alexei Abrikosov) in superconductors are characterized by normal cores where the superconducting condensate is destroyed on a scale of the superconducting coherence length ''ξ'' (typically 5-100 nm) . The cores of Josephson vortices are more complex and depend on the physical nature of the barrier. In Superconductor-Normal Metal-Superconductor (SNS) Josephson junctions there exist measurable superconducting correlations induced in the N-barrier by proximity effect from the two neighbouring superconducting electrodes. Similarly to Abrikosov vortices in superconductors, Jos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark Josephson
Mark E. Josephson (1943-2017) was an American cardiologist and writer, who was in the 1970s one of the American pioneers of the medical cardiology subspecialty of cardiac electrophysiology. His book titled ''Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology: Techniques and Interpretations'' is widely acknowledged as the definitive treatment of the discipline. He served as Herman Dana Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, director of the Harvard-Thorndike Electrophysiology Institute and Arrhythmia Service and the chief of cardiology at Harvard University's Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. Career Josephson was a graduate of Trinity College in Connecticut and subsequently went to medical school at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. He completed his residency training in Internal Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City and his cardiology fellowship at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.Marchlinski, Francis. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matthew Josephson
Matthew Josephson (February 15, 1899 – March 13, 1978) was an American journalist and author of works on nineteenth-century French literature and American political and business history of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Josephson popularized the term " robber baron". Biography He was born in Brooklyn, New York on February 15, 1899, to Jewish immigrant parents Julius and Sarah (née Kasindorf) Josephson. His father was from Iasi, Romania and his mother from Rostov-na-Donu, Russia. Julius Josephson was a printer who became a bank president before his death in 1925. Matthew Josephson graduated from Columbia University and married Hannah Geffen in 1920. They lived in Europe in the 1920s. His wife, librarian of the American Academy of Arts and Letters and an author in her own right, worked closely with her husband on various projects throughout their careers. In 1945 she and Malcolm Cowley edited '' Aragon, Poet of the Resistance''. Matthew and Hannah Josephson collaborat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erland Josephson
Erland Josephson (; 15 June 1923 – 25 February 2012) was a Swedish actor and author. He was best known by international audiences for his work in films directed by Ingmar Bergman, Andrei Tarkovsky and Theodoros Angelopoulos. Life and career Josephson was born on the island of Kungsholmen, in Stockholm, Sweden, as the son of Maud Ellen Gabrielle (née Boheman) and Gunnar August Josephson, a bookseller of Jewish descent, in 1923. His uncle (mother's brother) was diplomat Erik Boheman, and his maternal great-grandfather was entomologist Carl Henrik Boheman. Josephson was the leader of the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm from 1966 to 1975. He also published novels, short stories, poetry and drama, and was the director of several films. In 1980, he directed and starred in the film ''Marmalade Revolution'', which was entered into the 30th Berlin International Film Festival. In 1986, he starred in '' The Sacrifice'' and won the award for Best Actor at the 22nd Guldbagge Awards. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erik Josephson
Erik Semmy Josephson (7 March 1864 - 17 November 1929) was a Swedish architect. Biography Josephson was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He was the son of wholesaler August Abraham Josephson (1822-67) and Augusta Hortensia Jacobsson (1836-1915). Josephson was of Jewish descent. He graduated from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm in 1885 and from the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts in 1888. After his studies, he worked at the Swedish National Property Agency (''Overintendentsämbetet''). Through his state owned work employer he got the opportunity to draw, create and be the architect of about 40 barracks facilities for the armed forces around Sweden between 1891 and 1922. He also worked with his own architect firm on the side. During late 1890s and early 1900s, he became known as an industry architect and specialist in bank buildings. He designed only banks in Stockholm. Amongst his most important work was Skandinaviska Bankens palats and Handelsbanken. He w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
