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John De Ponz
John de Ponz, also called John de Ponte, John Savan, or John of Bridgwater (c.1248–1307) was an English-born administrator, lawyer and judge in the reign of King Edward I. He served in the Royal Household in England for several years before moving to Ireland, where he practised in the Royal Courts as the King's Serjeant-at-law (Ireland). He later served as a justice in eyre (itinerant justice), and then as a justice of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland).Ball p.58 He was a gifted lawyer, but as a judge was accused of acting unjustly.Hewer pp. 120–1 A case he heard in Kilkenny in 1302 can be seen as a precursor of the Kilkenny Witchcraft Trials of 1324, and involved several of the main actors in the Trials. Family He was born in or shortly before 1248 in Bridgwater, Somerset (hence the de Ponz/Ponte version of his surname, which translates as "John of the Bridge"). He later owned property in the town. His father's name is unknown, but he had at least two brothers, Henry and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges. A judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling in the case based on their interpretation of the law and their own personal judgment. A judge is expected to conduct the trial impartially and, typically, in an open court. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, the judge's powers may be shared with a jury. In inquisitorial systems of criminal investigation, a judge might also be an examining magistrate. The presiding judge ensures that all court proceedings are lawful and orderly. Powers and functions The ultimate task of a judge is to settle a legal dispute in a final and publicly lawful manner in agreement with substantial p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leeds Castle
Leeds Castle is a castle in Kent, England, southeast of Maidstone. It is built on islands in a lake formed by the River Len to the east of the village of Leeds. A castle has existed on the site since 857. In the 13th century, it came into the hands of King Edward I, for whom it became a favourite residence; in the 16th century, Henry VIII used it as a dwelling for his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. The present castle dates mostly from the 19th century. It has been open to the public since 1976. History Medieval and Tudor From 857, the site was owned by a Saxon chief called Led or Leed who built a wooden structure on two islands in the middle of the River Len. In 1119, Robert de Crevecoeur rebuilt it in stone as a Norman stronghold and Leeds Castle descended through the de Crevecoeur family until the 1260s. What form this Norman stronghold took is uncertain because it was rebuilt and transformed in the following centuries. Adrian Pettifer speculates that it may have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Tipperary
County Tipperary ( ga, Contae Thiobraid Árann) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and the Southern Region. The county is named after the town of Tipperary, and was established in the early 13th century, shortly after the Norman invasion of Ireland. It is Ireland's largest inland county and shares a border with 8 counties, more than any other. The population of the county was 159,553 at the 2016 census. The largest towns are Clonmel, Nenagh and Thurles. Tipperary County Council is the local authority for the county. In 1838, County Tipperary was divided into two ridings, North and South. From 1899 until 2014, they had their own county councils. They were unified under the Local Government Reform Act 2014, which came into effect following the 2014 local elections on 3 June 2014. Geography Tipperary is the sixth-largest of the 32 counties by area and the 12th largest by population. It is the third-largest of Munster's 6 counties by both size and popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eyre (legal Term)
An eyre or iter, sometimes called a general eyre, was the name of a circuit travelled by an itinerant justice in medieval England (a justice in eyre), or the circuit court over which they presided, or the right of the monarch (or justices acting in their name) to visit and inspect the holdings of any vassal. The eyre involved visits and inspections at irregular intervals of the houses of vassals in the kingdom. The term is derived from Old French ''erre'', from Latin ''iter'' ("journey"), and is cognate with errand and errant. Eyres were also held in those parts of Ireland under secure English rule, but the eyre system seems to have largely gone into abeyance in Ireland at the end of the thirteenth century, and the last Irish eyre was held in 1322. Eyre of 1194 The eyre of 1194 was initiated under Hubert Walter's justiciarship to restore royal justice following the anarchy of Prince John's rebellion. Within two months, justices on eyre had visited every shire in England. The Arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter L'Enfant
Sir Walter l'Enfant the younger (died c.1317), lord of Carnalway, County Kildare was an Irish judge and landowner.Ball p.56 He was the son of Sir Walter l'Enfant, or l'Enfaunt (died c.1294) who, like his son, was a judge of the Court of the Justiciar of Ireland, and was also Seneschal of County Kildare. He married Joan Butler, daughter of John Butler and Margaret, daughter and co-heiress of David Fitzwilliam, 3rd Baron of Naas and Matilda de Lacy. Through the first Sir Walter's marriage to Joan the l'Enfant family acquired the lordship of Carnalway. The younger Walter entered the household of King Edward I of England in 1279. He became Chief Justice of the Court of the Justiciar in 1298, and held the office until 1311, apart from two intervals when he was Chief Justice in eyre (circuit). As justice in eyre, he went mainly to County Louth. He was knighted on an unknown date. He was a close associate of John FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Kildare: he accompanied him to the Netherlands, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Alysaundre
William Alysaundre (died after 1313) was an Irish judge and Crown official in the reigns of King Edward I of England and his son.Ball p.59 He was living in Dublin in 1286. In 1299 he was appointed High Sheriff of Kildare, apparently the first recorded holder of the office. In 1300 he was appointed one of the four itinerant justices for County Louth ( John de Ponz being another).''Patent Roll 28 Edward I '' He went on circuit as itinerant judge in County Tipperary, and an order survives in the Close Rolls of 1306 for the payment of his half-years' salary of £10 in connection with his duties as a judge in that county. In 1301 he was also acting as justice itinerant in County Cork. He was appointed a justice of the Court of the Justiciar of Ireland in 1311. He was Deputy Justiciar of Ireland in 1313. In that capacity he went on assize to Tipperary yet again (sitting in Cashel) with Walter de Thornbury, the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, in March.''Patent Roll 6 Edward II'' While t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Louth
County Louth ( ; ga, An Lú) is a coastal county in the Eastern and Midland Region of Ireland, within the province of Leinster. Louth is bordered by the counties of Meath to the south, Monaghan to the west, Armagh to the north and Down to the north-east, across Carlingford Lough. It is the smallest county in Ireland by land area and the 17th most populous, with just over 139,100 residents as of 2022. The county is named after the village of Louth. Louth County Council is the local authority for the county. History County Louth is named after the village of Louth, which in turn is named after Lugh, a god of the ancient Irish. Historically, the placename has had various spellings; , , and (see Historic Names List, for full listing). is the modern simplified spelling. The county is steeped in myth, legend and history, and is a setting in the epic. Later it saw the influence of the Vikings, as seen in the name of Carlingford Lough. They also established a longphort a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaol Delivery
The courts of assize, or assizes (), were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court. The assizes exercised both civil and criminal jurisdiction, though most of their work was on the criminal side. The assizes heard the most serious cases, which were committed to it by the quarter sessions (local county courts held four times per year), while the more minor offences were dealt with summarily by justices of the peace in petty sessions (also known as magistrates' courts). The word ''assize'' refers to the sittings or sessions (Old French ''assises'') of the judges, known as "justices of assize", who were judges who travelled across the seven circuits of England and Wales on commissions of "oyer and terminer", setting up court and summoning juries at the various assize towns. Etymology Middle English < |
Assizes (Ireland)
The courts of assizes or assizes were the higher criminal court in Ireland outside Dublin prior to 1924 (and continued in Northern Ireland until 1978). They have now been abolished in both jurisdictions. Jurisdiction The assizes had jurisdiction outside Dublin over the most serious criminal offences, such as treason and murder. Persons accused of these crimes would first come before the petty sessions, where a justice of the peace or resident magistrate would decide if there was sufficient evidence to justify a trial. If such evidence existed, the magistrate would issue a bill of indictment and refer the matter to a grand jury, which would decide if the bill was correct and supported by evidence, issuing an indictment. The assizes themselves consisted of a judge of the Court of King's Bench, or after the Judicature (Ireland) Acts, the High Court of Justice in Ireland, sitting with a petty jury. Commissions In Dublin city and county, there were no assizes. Until 1729 serious cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court Of Exchequer (Ireland)
The Court of Exchequer (Ireland) or the Irish Exchequer of Pleas, was one of the senior courts of common law in Ireland. It was the mirror image of the equivalent court in England. The Court of Exchequer was one of the four royal courts of justice which gave their name to the building in which they were located, which is still called the Four Courts, and in use as a Courthouse, in Dublin. History According to Elrington BallBall, F. Elrington. ''The Judges in Ireland 1221–1921''. London: John Murray, 1926 the Irish Court of Exchequer was established by 1295, and by 1310 it was headed by the Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer, assisted by at least one associate Baron of the Exchequer. The Court seems to have functioned for some years without a Chief Baron. Sir David de Offington, former Sheriff of County Dublin, was appointed the first Baron in 1294, followed by Richard de Soham the following year, and William de Meones in 1299. The first Chief Baron was Walter de Islip, an E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Of Bardfield
William of Bardfield, William de Berdefeld or William de Bardesfeld (1258 – before 1334) was an English-born lawyer of the late thirteenth and early fourteenth century who enjoyed a successful legal career in England before moving to Ireland, where he was successively Serjeant-at-law (Ireland), justice of the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland), and justice of the Court of the Justiciar of Ireland. He was dismissed from office in 1312, reinstated, and removed from office again in 1319, on the grounds of limited efficiency.Hand p.93 The second dismissal was final, despite his vigorous pleas for reinstatement or compensation for loss of salary. He was a substantial landowner in both England and Ireland, though he complained that his Irish lands had been despoiled during the troubles of 1315-1318.Ball p.61 Early life He was born in Great Bardfield, Essex, probably in 1258, the son of Walter of Bardfield. By 1379 he had begun practice an attorney, and he became a very successful on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lawyer
A lawyer is a person who practices law. The role of a lawyer varies greatly across different legal jurisdictions. A lawyer can be classified as an advocate, attorney, barrister, canon lawyer, civil law notary, counsel, counselor, solicitor, legal executive, or public servant — with each role having different functions and privileges. Working as a lawyer generally involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific problems. Some lawyers also work primarily in advancing the interests of the law and legal profession. Terminology Different legal jurisdictions have different requirements in the determination of who is recognized as being a lawyer. As a result, the meaning of the term "lawyer" may vary from place to place. Some jurisdictions have two types of lawyers, barrister and solicitors, while others fuse the two. A barrister (also known as an advocate or counselor in some jurisdictions) is a lawyer who typically specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
