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John Swinton (died 1679)
John Swinton (1621?–1679) was a Scottish politician active during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and during the Interregnum. At the Restoration he was found guilty of treason and was imprisoned for some years before being released. In later life he became a Quaker. Early life Swinton, born about 1621, was the eldest son of Sir Alexander Swinton of Swinton, by his wife Margaret, daughter of James Home of Framepath, Berwickshire. Sir Alexander Swinton, who was sheriff of Berwickshire in 1640 and M.P. for the county in 1644–1645, died in 1652. Alexander Swinton (1625?–1700) was John's younger brother. John received "as good an education as any man in Scotland", and devoted his attention especially to law. Wars of the Three Kingdoms In 1646 and 1647 his name appears on the committee of war for Berwickshire, together with that of his father. In 1649 Swinton was returned to parliament for The Merse, and in that capacity opposed the despatch of a deputation to Breda to treat wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wars Of The Three Kingdoms
The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were a series of related conflicts fought between 1639 and 1653 in the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland, then separate entities united in a personal union under Charles I of England, Charles I. They include the 1639 to 1640 Bishops' Wars, the First English Civil War, First and Second English Civil Wars, the Irish Confederate Wars, the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland and the Anglo-Scottish war (1650–1652). They resulted in victory for the Roundhead, Parliamentarian army, the execution of Charles I, the abolition of monarchy, and founding of the Commonwealth of England, a Unitary state which controlled the British Isles until the Stuart Restoration in 1660. Political and religious conflict between Charles I and his opponents dated to the early years of his reign. While the vast majority supported the institution of monarchy, they disagreed on who held ultimate authority. Cavalier, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert Burnet
Gilbert Burnet (18 September 1643 – 17 March 1715) was a Scottish philosopher and historian, and Bishop of Salisbury. He was fluent in Dutch, French, Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. Burnet was highly respected as a cleric, a preacher, an academic, a writer and a historian. He was always closely associated with the Whig party, and was one of the few close friends in whom King William III confided. Early life: 1643–1674 Burnet was born at Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1643, the son of Robert Burnet, Lord Crimond, a Royalist and Episcopalian lawyer, who became a judge of the Court of Session, and of his second wife Rachel Johnston, daughter of James Johnston, and sister of Archibald Johnston of Warristoun, a leader of the Covenanters. His father was his first tutor until he began his studies at the University of Aberdeen, where he earned a Master of Arts in Philosophy at the age of thirteen. He studied law briefly before changing to theology. He did not enter into the ministry at that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Swinton (died 1723)
Sir John Swinton of Swinton (of Swinton, Berwickshire) sometimes called John Swinton of that Ilk was a Scottish politician. Biography He was born before 1662, the second son of John Swinton (died 1679), John Swinton, of Swinton in Berwickshire, and his wife Margaret, daughter of William Stewart, 2nd Lord Blantyre. Swinton's father had become a Quaker, was an active politician during the Protectorate, and had had his estates forfeited at Restoration (1660), the Restoration. The younger Swinton, who remained a Presbyterian, became a successful merchant in the Netherlands. He succeeded his elder brother as head of Clan Swinton, the family in 1687 and returned to Scotland at the time of the Glorious Revolution, of which his uncle Alexander Swinton, Lord Mersington was a supporter. In 1689 he was appointed a commissioner of supply for Berwickshire, and the following year he was restored to his father's estates. From 1690 until 1707 he was a commissioner (Parliament of Scotland), commi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Richmond And Lennox
The Dukedoms of Richmond (in the peerage of England) and of Lennox (in the peerage of Scotland) have usually been held by the same person since 1623. In 1675, King Charles II created his illegitimate son Charles Lennox Duke of Richmond (created on 9 August 1675) and Duke of Lennox (created on 9 September 1675), and the two Dukedoms have since been held concurrently by Lennox's descendants. Since 1734 he has also held the Dukedom of Aubigny (in the peerage of France). Since 1876 he has also held the Dukedom of Gordon (in the peerage of the United Kingdom). Duke of Richmond and Duke of Lennox (1675) Family tree See also * Duke of Richmond *Duke of Lennox *Duke of Aubigny *Duke of Gordon The title Duke of Gordon has been created once in the Peerage of Scotland and again in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The Dukedom, named after the Clan Gordon, was first created for the 4th Marquess of Huntly, who on 3 November 1684 was c ... Further reading * {{DEFAULTSORT:R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frances Teresa Stuart
Frances Teresa Stewart, Duchess of Richmond and Lennox (8 July 1647Encyclopædia Britannica – 15 October 1702) was a prominent member of the Court of the Restoration and famous for refusing to become a mistress of Charles II of England. For her great beauty she was known as ''La Belle Stuart'' and served as the model for an idealised, female Britannia. She is one of the Windsor Beauties painted by Sir Peter Lely. Biography Frances was the daughter of Walter Stewart, or Stuart, a physician in Queen Henrietta Maria's court, and a distant relative of the royal family, and his wife, Sophia (née Carew). She was born on 8 July 1647 in exile in Paris, but was sent to England in 1663 after the restoration by Charles I's widow, Henrietta Maria, as maid of honour (a court appointment) and subsequently as lady-in-waiting to Charles II's new bride, Catherine of Braganza. The great diarist Samuel Pepys recorded that she was the greatest beauty he ever saw. She had numerous suitors, inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Blantyre
Lord Blantyre was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1606 for the politician Walter Stewart. The lordship was named for Blantyre Priory in Lanarkshire, where Walter Stewart had been commendator. The main residences associated with the Lords Blantyre were Erskine House (Renfrewshire), Lennoxlove House (East Lothian) and Place of Cardonald (Renfrewshire). Upon the death of the 12th Lord Blantyre in 1900 the title became extinct, with the Blantyre estates passing to his grandson, William Arthur Baird. Lords Blantyre (1606) *Walter Stewart, 1st Lord Blantyre (d. 8 March 1617), Scottish politician and judge * William Stewart, 2nd Lord Blantyre (d. 29 November 1638) * Walter Stewart, 3rd Lord Blantyre (d. October 1641) *Alexander Stewart, 4th Lord Blantyre (d. ) * Alexander Stuart, 5th Lord Blantyre (d. 20 June 1704), Scottish soldier and politician *Walter Stuart, 6th Lord Blantyre (1 February 1683 – 23 June 1713) * Robert Stuart, 7th Lord Blantyre (d. 17 Nov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Stewart, 2nd Lord Blantyre
Lord Blantyre was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1606 for the politician Walter Stewart. The lordship was named for Blantyre Priory in Lanarkshire, where Walter Stewart had been commendator. The main residences associated with the Lords Blantyre were Erskine House ( Renfrewshire), Lennoxlove House (East Lothian) and Place of Cardonald ( Renfrewshire). Upon the death of the 12th Lord Blantyre in 1900 the title became extinct, with the Blantyre estates passing to his grandson, William Arthur Baird. Lords Blantyre (1606) * Walter Stewart, 1st Lord Blantyre (d. 8 March 1617), Scottish politician and judge * William Stewart, 2nd Lord Blantyre (d. 29 November 1638) *Walter Stewart, 3rd Lord Blantyre (d. October 1641) * Alexander Stewart, 4th Lord Blantyre (d. ) *Alexander Stuart, 5th Lord Blantyre (d. 20 June 1704), Scottish soldier and politician *Walter Stuart, 6th Lord Blantyre (1 February 1683 – 23 June 1713) *Robert Stuart, 7th Lord Blantyre (d. 17 Nov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edinburgh Castle
Edinburgh Castle is a historic castle in Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland. It stands on Castle Rock (Edinburgh), Castle Rock, which has been occupied by humans since at least the Iron Age, although the nature of the early settlement is unclear. There has been a royal castle on the rock since at least the reign of David I of Scotland, David I in the 12th century, and the site continued to be a royal residence until 1633. From the 15th century, the castle's residential role declined, and by the 17th century it was principally used as military barracks with a large garrison. Its importance as a part of Scotland's national heritage was recognised increasingly from the early 19th century onwards, and various restoration programmes have been carried out over the past century and a half. As one of the most important strongholds in the Kingdom of Scotland, Edinburgh Castle was involved in many historical conflicts from the Wars of Scottish Independence in the 14th century to the Jacobite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tolbooth
A tolbooth or town house was the main municipal building of a Scottish burgh, from medieval times until the 19th century. The tolbooth usually provided a council meeting chamber, a court house and a jail. The tolbooth was one of three essential features in a Scottish burgh, along with the mercat cross and the kirk (church). Etymology The word tolbooth is derived from the Middle English word ''tolbothe'' that described a town hall containing customs offices and prison cells. History Burghs were created in Scotland from the 12th century. They had the right to hold markets and levy customs and tolls, and tolbooths were originally established for collection of these. Royal burghs were governed by an elected council, led by a provost and baillies, who also acted as magistrates with jurisdiction over local crime. The tolbooth developed into a central building providing for all these functions. Most tolbooths had a bell, often mounted on a steeple, and later clocks were added. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess Of Argyll
Archibald Campbell, Marquess of Argyll, 8th Earl of Argyll, Chief of Clan Campbell (March 160727 May 1661) was a Scottish nobleman, politician, and peer. The ''de facto'' head of Scotland's government during most of the conflict of the 1640s and 50s known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, he was a major figure in the Covenanter movement that fought for the maintenance of the Presbyterian religion against the Stuart monarchy's attempts to impose episcopacy. He is often remembered as the principal opponent of the royalist general James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose. Early life Archibald Campbell, Marquess of Argyll was the eldest son of Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of Argyll, by his first wife Agnes Douglas daughter of William Douglas, 6th Earl of Morton, and was educated at St Andrews University, where he matriculated on 15 January 1622. He had early in life, as Lord Lorne, been entrusted with the possession of the Argyll estates when his father renounced Protestantism an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Eagle (1660)
Eighteen ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS ''Eagle'', after the eagle. * was an ex-merchantman purchased in 1592 and in use as a careening hulk. She was sold in 1683. * was a 6-gun shallop sloop, listed until 1653. * was a 12-gun ship, previously the French ship ''Aigle'', captured in 1650 and sold in 1655. * was a 22-gun armed ship, previously named . She was renamed HMS ''Eagle'' in 1660, used as a fireship from 1674 and sunk as a foundation in 1694. * was a 6-gun fireship captured from the Algerians in 1670 and expended in 1671. * was a 6-gun fireship purchased in 1672 and foundered in 1673. * was a 70-gun third rate launched in 1679, rebuilt in 1699 and wrecked in 1707. * was a 10-gun advice boat launched in 1696 and wrecked in 1703. * was a fireship sunk in 1745 as a breakwater. * was a 58-gun fourth rate launched in 1745 and sold in 1767. * was a 14-gun sloop launched in 1745. Her fate is unknown. * was a 64-gun third rate launched in 1774. She was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cromwell's Act Of Grace
Cromwell's Act of Grace, or more formally the Act of Pardon and Grace to the People of Scotland, was an Act of the Parliament of England that declared that the people of Scotland (with certain exceptions) were pardoned for any crimes they might have committed during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. It was proclaimed at the Mercat Cross in Edinburgh on 5May 1654. General George Monck, the English military governor of Scotland, was present in Edinburgh, having arrived the day before for two proclamations also delivered at the Mercat Cross, the first declaring Oliver Cromwell to be the protector of England, Ireland and Scotland, and that Scotland was united with the Commonwealth of England. Origins After the English invasion of 1650, and the defeat of the Scottish armies at the battles of Dunbar, Inverkeithing and Worcester, Scotland was placed under English military occupation with General Monck as military governor of the country. Up to the date of the Act of Grace the Englis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
