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John Hawdon (colonial Settler)
John Hawdon (1801—1881) was an English-born colonial settler of New South Wales. He is associated with the area around Moruya, particularly Kiora and Tuross Head, on the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia, although he was also a pioneering landholder of other areas of the colony. Early life and family background Hawdon was born at Wackerfield (near Staindrop), Durham, England, prematurely, on 29 June 1801. His father was also named John and his mother was Elizabeth (née Hunt). His father, John Hawdon (1770—1845), was described as a 'yeoman', indicating that he came from a social stratum above a free-born labourer but was not a member of the gentry. As well as farming, Hawdons' father was an officer in the Staindrop Gentlemen and Yeomanry (later Staindrop Volunteer Cavalry''),'' a volunteer force raised during the Napoleonic Wars; initially he was a second lieutenant, later rising to the rank of captain. Hawdons' father's 520 acre farm was mainly used to breed and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moruya, New South Wales
Moruya is a town located on the far south coast of New South Wales, Australia, situated on the Moruya River. The Princes Highway runs through the town that is about south of Sydney and from Canberra. At the , Moruya had a population of 4,295. Its built up area had a population of 2,762. The town relies predominantly on agriculture, aquaculture, and tourism. Moruya is administered by the Eurobodalla Shire Council and the shire chambers are located in the town. Rural areas around Moruya were affected by the 2019–20 Australian bushfire season. History The South Coast region of New South Wales is the traditional home of the Yuin people, with the area in and around Moruya home to the Bugelli-Manji clan. The name "Moruya" is derived from an Aboriginal Tharawal word (') believed to mean "home of the black swan", although this is not probable and not verifiable. Black swans can be seen in the lakes and rivers around Moruya, and the black swan is used locally as an emblem. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Marsden
Samuel Marsden (25 June 1765 – 12 May 1838) was an English-born priest of the Church of England in Australia and a prominent member of the Church Missionary Society, believed to have introduced Christianity to New Zealand. Marsden was a prominent figure in early New South Wales and Australian history, partly through his ecclesiastical offices as the colony's senior Church of England cleric and as a pioneer of the Australian wool industry, but also for his employment of convicts for farming and his actions as a magistrate at Parramatta, both of which attracted contemporary criticism. Early life Born in Farsley, near Pudsey, Yorkshire in England as the son of a Wesleyan blacksmith turned farmer, Marsden attended the village school and spent some years assisting his father on the farm. In his early twenties his reputation as a lay preacher drew the attention of the evangelical Elland Society, which sought to train poor men for the ministry of the Church of England. With a scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Gardiner (Australia)
John Gardiner (9 September 1798 – 16 November 1878) was a banker and Pastoralism, pastoralist in the early part of British settlement of Melbourne and Australia. In 1836, he established a settlement near the junction of the Yarra River and Kooyongkoot Creek, which was later renamed after him. Personal life and biography Gardiner was born in Dublin, Ireland. At Drogheda, Colp, County Meath, on 9 September 1822 he married Mary Eagle. In October, accompanied by his wife, her parents and their three sons, he sailed for Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) in the ''Andromeda''. He arrived in Hobart in May 1823 and was soon granted near Ross, Tasmania. In 1824, he accepted employment as a clerk with Bank of Van Diemen's Land. His only child, Anna Maria, was born in Hobart in July 1827. During March 1828, he left the bank to become a successful store-keeper in the Macquarie River district. In March 1834, he rented a at Lovely Banks. In 1835, Gardiner, lost his tenancy and sailed for S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duelling Pistol
A duelling pistol is a type of pistol that was manufactured in matching pairs to be used in a duel, when duels were customary. Duelling pistols are often single-shot flintlock or percussion black-powder pistols which fire a lead ball. Not all fine, antique pairs of pistols are duelling pistols, though they may be called so. Design A pair of American, flintlock, duelling pistols made by Simeon North, ca. 1815–20. Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession Number: 96.5.36, .149 They are fitted with spurs on the trigger guard to improve the shooter's grip. They also have octagonal barrels, often seen on later duelling pistols. The barrels are long and have a calibre Until the mid-18th century, duels were typically fought with swords. In London, the first recorded pistol duel was in 1711 but the use of pistols was unusual until the 1760s. Thereafter they quickly took over and after 1785 it was rare for a sword duel to be fought. From about 1770 onwards, gunsmiths were producing pis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Hawdon
Joseph Hawdon (14 November 1813 – 12 April 1871) was a pioneer settler and overlander of Australia, and pioneer and politician of New Zealand. Early life Hawdon was born at Wackerfield, Durham, England, the son of John Hawdon. At the suggestion of his elder brother John Hawdon (1801–1881) who had arrived in Sydney in 1828, he decided to travel to Australia, arriving at Sydney in November 1834. Overlanding In 1836, Hawdon, together with John Gardiner and John Hepburn, made an overland journey to Melbourne with cattle, the first to come from New South Wales. Hawdon returned briefly to Sydney, but moved to Melbourne in 1837, and in August of that year he took up land near the present site of Dandenong. Towards the end of the year, the newly-established South Australian settlement was threatened with famine. Sensing a commercial opportunity, Hawdon returned to New South Wales where, along with Charles Bonney and Charles Campbell, he put together an expedition to drove 300 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howlong
Howlong is a town west of Albury, and is situated on the Murray River which separates the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria. The town is located on the Riverina Highway. There is a bridge across the Murray into Victoria. Howlong is in the Federation Council local government area. At the , Howlong had a population of 2,551. History Prior to the founding of the township the Surveyor-General of New South Wales at that time Major Thomas Mitchell crossed the Murray River during his exploration of the area. There is a monument to Mitchell on the Victorian side of the river which states that Mitchell and his party camped at the location on 17 October 1836 and then crossed the river slightly downstream of their camping point on the following day. Three years later two men with a property in the area set off on the second longest cattle drive of its kind attempted in Australia at that time driving 300 head to South Australia. Also in 1838 the site of the Mitchell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squatting (Australian History)
Squatting is a historical Australian term that referred to someone who occupied a large tract of Crown land in order to graze livestock. Initially often having no legal rights to the land, squatters became recognised by the colonial government as owning the land by being the first (and often the only) European settlers in the area. Eventually, the term "squattocracy", a play on "aristocracy", came into usage to refer to squatters and the social and political power they possessed. Evolution of meaning The term 'squatter' derives from its English usage as a term of contempt for a person who had taken up residence at a place without having legal claim. The use of 'squatter' in the early years of British settlement of Australia had a similar connotation, referring primarily to a person who had 'squatted' on Aboriginal land for pastoral or other purposes. In its early derogatory context the term was often applied to the illegitimate occupation of land by ticket-of-leave convicts or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nineteen Counties
The Nineteen Counties were the limits of location in the colony of New South Wales, Australia. Settlers were permitted to take up land only within the counties due to the dangers in the wilderness. They were defined by the Governor of New South Wales Ralph Darling in 1826 in accordance with a government order from Lord Bathurst, the Secretary of State. Counties had been used since the first year of settlement, with Cumberland County being proclaimed on 6 June 1788. Several others were later proclaimed around the Sydney area. A further order of 1829 extended these boundaries of the settlement to an area defined as the Nineteen Counties. From 1831 the granting of free land ceased and the only land that was to be made available for sale was within the Nineteen Counties. The area covered by the limit extended to Taree in the north, Moruya River in the south and Wellington to the West. The Nineteen Counties were mapped by the Surveyor General Major Thomas Mitchell in 1834. The s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elderslie, New South Wales
Elderslie is a suburb of the Macarthur, New South Wales, Macarthur Region of Sydney, Australia, Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia in Camden Council (New South Wales), Camden Council. In addition, it is located on the east side of the Nepean River. It has a small local shop, high school, primary school, skateboard park, netball courts, cricket, Australian Football (AFL) oval, Rugby League oval, a BMX track and a historic house, John Oxley Cottage, which was built in the 1890s and converted into the Camden Visitors' centre in 1989. It was named after explorer John Oxley who held an early grant of land in the area. History The area now known as Elderslie was probably originally home to the Tharawal people, based in the Illawarra region, although the Western Sydney-based Darug people and the Southern Highlands, New South Wales, Southern Highlands-based Gandangara people were also known to have inhabited the greater Camden area. Very early relations with British settle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camden, New South Wales
Camden is a historic town and suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, located 65 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district. Camden was the administrative centre for the local government area of Camden Council until July/August 2016 and is a part of the Macarthur region. History Indigenous people The area now known as Camden was originally at the northern edge of land belonging to the Gandangara people of the Southern Highlands, who called it Benkennie, meaning 'dry land'. North of the Nepean River were the Muringong, the southernmost of the Darug people, while to the east were the Tharawal people. They lived in extended family groups of 20–40 members, hunting kangaroos, possums and eels and gathering yams and other seasonal fruit and vegetables from the local area. They were described as 'short, stocky, strong and superbly built' and generally considered peaceful. However, as British settlers encroached on their land and reduced their food sources, they tu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convicts In Australia
Between 1788 and 1868, about 162,000 Penal transportation, convicts were transported from Great Britain, Britain and Ireland to various list of Australian penal colonies, penal colonies in Australia. The British Government began transporting convicts overseas to Thirteen Colonies, American colonies in the early 18th century. When transportation ended with the start of the American Revolution, an alternative site was needed to relieve further overcrowding of British prisons and prison ship, hulks. Earlier in 1770, James Cook charted and claimed possession of the east coast of Australia for Britain. Seeking to pre-empt the French colonial empire from expanding into the region, Britain chose Australia as the site of a penal colony, and in 1787, the First Fleet of eleven convict ships set sail for Botany Bay, arriving on 20 January 1788 to found Sydney, New South Wales, the first European settlement on the continent. Other penal colonies were later established in Van Diemen's Land ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor Ralph Darling
General Sir Ralph Darling, GCH (1772 – 2 April 1858) was a British Army officer who served as Governor of New South Wales from 1825 to 1831. He is popularly described as a tyrant, accused of torturing prisoners and banning theatrical entertainment. Local geographical features named after him include the Darling River and Darling Harbour in Sydney. Early career Darling seems to have been unique in the British Army of this period, as he progressed from an enlisted man to become a general officer with a knighthood. Born in Ireland, he was the son of a sergeant in the 45th Regiment of Foot who subsequently gained the unusual reward of promotion to officer rank as a lieutenant. Like most of the small number of former non-commissioned officers in this position, Lieutenant Darling performed only regimental administrative duties. He struggled to support his large family on a subaltern's pay. Ralph Darling enlisted at the age of fourteen as a private in his father's regiment, and serve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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