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Johan Wilhelm Rangell
Johan Wilhelm (Jukka) Rangell (25 October 1894 – 12 March 1982) was the Prime Minister of Finland from 1941 to 1943. Educated as a lawyer, he was a close acquaintance of President Risto Ryti before the war, and made his initial career as a banker in the Bank of Finland.Sakari Virkkunen, ''Myrskyajan presidentti Ryti'', Otava, Keuruu, 1985, pp. 68–70. He played a role in the efforts at a 1940 Summer Olympics in Helsinki after the International Olympic Committee (IOC) retracted the original choice of Tokyo. After the resignation of President Kyösti Kallio during the Interim Peace, Risto Ryti was elected by the Electoral College as the new president of Finland on December 19, 1940, and Rangell rose to the position of Prime Minister. In office, Rangell's expertise and influence dealt mainly with economic issues, while more important foreign policy power rested on Commander-in-Chief Mannerheim, President Ryti and Foreign Minister Witting. Due to his connections to the IOC foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Finland
The prime minister of Finland ( fi, Suomen pääministeri; ) is the leader of the Finnish Government. The prime minister and their cabinet exercise executive authority in the state. The prime minister is formally Finnish order of precedence, ranked third in the protocol after the president of Finland and the Speaker of the Parliament of Finland, speaker of the Parliament. Finland's first prime minister, Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (also later the President of Finland, 3rd president of the Finland), was appointed on 27 November 1917, just a few days before the country Independence of Finland, declared independence from Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russia. The incumbent prime minister is Sanna Marin of the Social Democratic Party (Finland), Social Democratic Party. Marin was sworn in on 10 December 2019 and at 34, she became the Lists of state leaders by age#Youngest serving state leaders, world's youngest serving state leader and the youngest prime minister in Finlan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jukka Rangell's Cabinet
Jukka Rangell's cabinet was the 25th government of Finland, which reigned during the Second World War for 791 days, from January 4, 1941 to March 5, 1943. It was a majority government which comprised six parties and one independent minister. The composition of the government was based largely on its predecessor, the Ryti II Cabinet Risto Ryti's second cabinet was the 24th government of Republic of Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the n .... Ministers References {{DEFAULTSORT:Jukka Rangell's Cabinet Rangell 1941 establishments in Finland 1943 disestablishments in Finland Cabinets established in 1941 Cabinets disestablished in 1943 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor Of The Bank Of Finland
The Bank of Finland ( fi, Suomen Pankki, sv, Finlands Bank) is the central bank of Finland. It views itself as the fourth oldest surviving central bank in the world, after Sweden's Riksbank, the Bank of England, and the Bank of France. History The precursor of Bank of Finland, ''Waihetus-, Laina- ja Depositioni-Contori Suomen Suuren-ruhtinaanmaassa'' (The Exchange, Loan and Deposit Office of the Grand Duchy of Finland), was established on 1 March 1812 in the city of Turku by Alexander I of Russia. In 1819 it was relocated to Helsinki. Until 1840 the main purpose of the bank was to carry out currency reform to introduce Imperial ruble. The Bank created and regulated the Finnish Markka from its inauguration in 1860 until Finland adopted the euro in 1999. Mandate, ownership and organization The Bank of Finland is Finland's central bank and a member of the European System of Central Banks and of the Eurosystem. It is Finland's monetary authority, and is responsible for the cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rangell Cabinet
Jukka Rangell's cabinet was the 25th government of Finland, which reigned during the Second World War for 791 days, from January 4, 1941 to March 5, 1943. It was a majority government which comprised six parties and one independent minister. The composition of the government was based largely on its predecessor, the Ryti II Cabinet Risto Ryti's second cabinet was the 24th government of Republic of Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the n .... Ministers References {{DEFAULTSORT:Jukka Rangell's Cabinet Rangell 1941 establishments in Finland 1943 disestablishments in Finland Cabinets established in 1941 Cabinets disestablished in 1943 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kansallis-Osake-Pankki
Kansallis-Osake-Pankki (KOP) was a Finnish commercial bank operating from 1889 to 1995. It was created by the fennoman movement as a Finnish language alternative to the largely Swedish language bank, Suomen Yhdyspankki (''Swedish: Föreningsbanken i Finland''). The two banks were merged in 1995 to form the Merita Bank. Merita Bank was later merged with Swedish Nordbanken to form Nordea Nordea Bank Abp, commonly referred to as Nordea, is a European financial services group operating in northern Europe and based in Helsinki, Finland. The name is a blend of the words "Nordic" and "idea". The bank is the result of the successive m .... Directors * Otto Hjelt (1889–1892) * Fredrik Nybom (1892–1914) * J.K. Paasikivi (1914–1934) * Mauri Honkajuuri (1934–1948) * Matti Virkkunen (1948–1975) * Veikko Makkonen (1975–1983) * Jaakko Lassila (1983–1991) * Pertti Voutilainen (1991–1995) See also External links Panu Moilanen: Kämpin peilisalista Savoyn juhla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Olympic Committee
The Finnish Olympic Committee ( fi, Suomen Olympiakomitea ry; sv, Finlands Olympiska Kommitté rf) is the national Olympic committee in Finland for the Olympic Games movement. It is a non-profit organisation that selects teams, and raises funds to send Finnish competitors to Olympic events organised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Presidents See also *Finland at the Olympics *Finnish Paralympic Committee Finnish Paralympic Committee ( fi, Suomen Paralympiakomitea) is the National Paralympic Committee in Finland for the Paralympic Games movement. It is a non-profit organisation that selects teams, and raises funds to send Finnish competitors to P ... References External links Official website ** National Olympic Committees Ol 1907 establishments in Finland Sports organizations established in 1907 {{Olympic-org-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimes Against Peace
A crime of aggression or crime against peace is the planning, initiation, or execution of a large-scale and serious act of aggression using state military force. The definition and scope of the crime is controversial. The Rome Statute contains an exhaustive list of acts of aggression that can give rise to individual criminal responsibility, which include invasion, military occupation, annexation by the use of force, bombardment, and military blockade of ports. Aggression is generally a leadership crime that can only be committed by those with the power to shape a state's policy of aggression, rather than those who carry it out. The philosophical basis for the wrongness of aggression is found in just war theory, in which waging a war without a just cause for self-defense is unjust. In the wake of the German invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II, Soviet jurist Aron Trainin made the first successful proposal to criminalize aggression. The Charter of the International M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War-responsibility Trials In Finland
The war-responsibility trials in Finland ( fi, Sotasyyllisyysoikeudenkäynti, sv, Krigsansvarighetsprocessen) were trials of the Finnish wartime leaders held responsible for "definitely influencing Finland in getting into a war with the Soviet Union and United Kingdom in 1941 or preventing peace" during the Continuation War, the Finnish term for their participation in the Second World War from 1941–1944. Unlike other World War II war-responsibility trials, the Finnish trials were not international. The trials were conducted from November 1945 through February 1946 by a special court consisting of the presidents of the Supreme Court of Finland, the Supreme Administrative Court of Finland, a professor from the University of Helsinki and twelve MPs appointed by the Parliament of Finland. The accused were convicted and were imprisoned until they were eventually paroled and then pardoned. Background The Moscow Armistice, signed September 19, 1944, contained the following Artic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Question
The Jewish question, also referred to as the Jewish problem, was a wide-ranging debate in 19th- and 20th-century European society that pertained to the appropriate status and treatment of Jews. The debate, which was similar to other " national questions", dealt with the civil, legal, national, and political status of Jews as a minority within society, particularly in Europe during the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. The debate began with Jewish emancipation in western and central European societies during the Age of Enlightenment and after the French Revolution. The debate's issues included the legal and economic Jewish disabilities (such as Jewish quotas and segregation), Jewish assimilation, and Jewish Enlightenment. The expression has been used by antisemitic movements from the 1880s onwards, culminating in the Nazi phrase of the " Final Solution to the Jewish Question". Similarly, the expression was used by proponents for and opponents of the establishment of an aut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Jews In Finland
The history of the Jews in Finland goes back to the 1700s. Finnish Jews are Jews who are citizens of Finland. The country is home to some 1,800 Jews, of which 1,400 live in the Greater Helsinki area and 200 in Turku. Most Jews in Finland have Finnish or Swedish as their mother tongue, and many speak Yiddish, German, Russian and Hebrew. Jews originally came to Finland as Russian soldiers who stayed in Finland in the 19th century after their military service ended (knows as Cantonists). There are Jewish congregations in Helsinki and Turku with their own synagogues built in 1906 and 1912. The Wiborg Synagogue built 1910–1911 was destroyed in air bombings during the first day of the Winter War in 30 November 1939. There has been relatively little antisemitism in Finland. Early history, 1700–1917 The first Jew said to have settled on Finnish soil was Jacob Weikam, later Veikkanen, in 1782, in the town of Hamina, which was at that point under Russian rule. During that time, mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Himmler
Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (; 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was of the (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany. Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and a main architect of the Holocaust. As a member of a reserve battalion during World War I, Himmler did not see active service, and did not fight. He studied agriculture in university, and joined the Nazi Party in 1923 and the SS in 1925. In 1929, he was appointed by Adolf Hitler. Over the next 16 years, he developed the SS from a 290-man battalion into a million-strong paramilitary group, and set up and controlled the Nazi concentration camps. He was known for good organisational skills and for selecting highly competent subordinates, such as Reinhard Heydrich in 1931. From 1943 onwards, he was both Chief of German Police and Minister of the Interior, overseeing all internal and external police and security forces, including the Gestapo (Secret State Police). H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reichsführer-SS
(, ) was a special title and rank that existed between the years of 1925 and 1945 for the commander of the (SS). ''Reichsführer-SS'' was a title from 1925 to 1933, and from 1934 to 1945 it was the highest rank of the SS. The longest-serving and most noteworthy office holder was Heinrich Himmler. Definition was both a title and a rank. The title of was first created in 1926 by the second commander of the SS, Joseph Berchtold. Julius Schreck, founder of the SS and Berchtold's predecessor, never referred to himself as . Yet, the title was retroactively applied to him in later years. In 1929, Heinrich Himmler became and referred to himself by his title instead of his regular SS rank of . This set the precedent for the commander of the SS to be called . Prior to the Night of the Long Knives, the SS was an elite corps of the (SA or storm troopers), and the was subordinate to the SA's operating head, the . On 20 July 1934, as part of the purge of the SA, the SS was made a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
