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Jo Vincent
Johanna Maria Vincent (6 March 1898 – 28 November 1989) was a Dutch soprano who appeared mostly in oratorio and concert, and is internationally known. She appeared regularly with Willem Mengelberg and the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra from 1924 to 1942, including annual concerts and a recording of Bach's ''St Matthew Passion''. She participated in the world premiere of Benjamin Britten's ''Spring Symphony'', with Kathleen Ferrier and Peter Pears. After retiring, she taught at the Haarlem Conservatory. Life Johanna Vincent was born in Amsterdam, the daughter of the organist, piano teacher and carillonneur Jacob Vincent, and Geertruida Johanna Meijer. At age nine, she joined the children's choir of Catharina van Rennes. She studied to be a voice teacher, graduating with a diploma in 1919. She gave singing lessons to pay for studying voice with Cornélie van Zanten. Her first public concert was in Assendelft in 1920. She first appeared with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra ...
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Soprano
A soprano () is a type of classical female singing voice and has the highest vocal range of all voice types. The soprano's vocal range (using scientific pitch notation) is from approximately middle C (C4) = 261  Hz to "high A" (A5) = 880 Hz in choral music, or to "soprano C" (C6, two octaves above middle C) = 1046 Hz or higher in operatic music. In four-part chorale style harmony, the soprano takes the highest part, which often encompasses the melody. The soprano voice type is generally divided into the coloratura, soubrette, lyric, spinto, and dramatic soprano. Etymology The word "soprano" comes from the Italian word '' sopra'' (above, over, on top of),"Soprano"
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Lied
In Western classical music tradition, (, plural ; , plural , ) is a term for setting poetry to classical music to create a piece of polyphonic music. The term is used for any kind of song in contemporary German, but among English and French speakers, is often used interchangeably with " art song" to encompass works that the tradition has inspired in other languages as well. The poems that have been made into lieder often center on pastoral themes or themes of romantic love. The earliest lied date from the late fourteenth or early fifteenth centuries, and can even refer to from as early as the 12th and 13th centuries. It later came especially to refer to settings of Romantic poetry during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and into the early twentieth century. Examples include settings by Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Hugo Wolf, Gustav Mahler or Richard Strauss. History For Ger ...
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Hermann Schey
Hermann Schey (8 November 189521 August 1981) was a German-born Dutch bass-baritone and voice teacher. He performed internationally and recorded, especially works by Johann Sebastian Bach but also world premieres. Life and career Born in Bunzlau, Province of Silesia (now Bolesławiec, Poland), Schey received his musical education in Berlin at the Hochschule für Musik from 1913 to 1915 with Henry von Dulong. In 1915, he was drafted and could only continue his studies after the war. Since 1922, Schey worked in Berlin as a concert and oratorio singer. He was especially admired for his Bach interpretations.Hermann Schey
(in French) rene-gagnaux.ch
Concert tours brought him great success in European music centres. In 1925, he appeared in Schönberg's ''

Louis Van Tulder
Louis may refer to: * Louis (coin) * Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name * Louis (surname) * Louis (singer), Serbian singer * HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy See also Derived or associated terms * Lewis (other) * Louie (other) * Luis (other) * Louise (other) * Louisville (other) * Louis Cruise Lines * Louis dressing, for salad * Louis Quinze, design style Associated names * * Chlodwig, the origin of the name Ludwig, which is translated to English as "Louis" * Ladislav and László - names sometimes erroneously associated with "Louis" * Ludovic, Ludwig, Ludwick, Ludwik Ludwik () is a Polish given name. Notable people with the name include: * Ludwik Czyżewski, Polish WWII general * Ludwik Fleck (1896–1961), Polish medical doctor and biologist * Ludwik Gintel (1899–1973), Polish-Israeli Olympic soccer player ...
, names sometimes translated to English as "Louis" {{disambiguation ...
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Ilona Durigo
Ilona Durigo (13 May 1881 – 25 December 1943) was a Hungarian classical contralto and an academic voice teacher. She appeared internationally, mostly in concert, singing ''Lieder'' and oratorios. She is known for singing Lieder that Othmar Schoeck composed for her, and is regarded as one of the leading concert contraltos of her era. Life Born in Budapest on 13 May 1881, Durigo was a pupil of Bianca Malezcky and Julius Stockhausen. She studied from 1902 at the Vienna Conservatory with Philipp Forstén, then took further studies with Etelka Gerster and Eduard Bellwidt in Berlin. Each year from 1930 to 1939 she performed the alto part in Bach's '' St. Matthew Passion'' with the Concertgebouw Orchestra, conducted by Willem Mengelberg. This included the first recording of the work in 1939, alongside Karl Erb as the Evangelist and Willem Ravelli as the vox Christi. She performed as a soloist in more than 40 concerts with the choir Der Gemischte Chor Zürich between 1911 and 1943. ...
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Vox Christi
Vox (Latin for 'voice') may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Fictional characters * Vox (DC Universe character), Mal Duncan * Vox, several characters in the anime series '' Lagrange: The Flower of Rin-ne'' * Gleeman Vox, from the ''Ratchet & Clank'' video game series * Vox, a character in the animated web series ''Hazbin Hotel''; see List of Hazbin Hotel and Helluva Boss characters Literature * ''Vox'' (Nicholson Baker novel), 1992 * ''Vox'' (Stewart and Riddell novel), 2003 Music * "Vox" (song), by Sarah McLachlan, 1988 * Vox Records (Germany), a German record label * Vox Records, an American record label Television and radio * VOX (Norwegian TV channel) * VOX (German TV channel) * MAtv, formerly Vox, a Canadian TV channel * Vox, a former satellite radio channel * Radio Vox T, a Romanian radio station * WVOX, a radio station licensed to New Rochelle, New York, U.S. Other uses in arts, entertainment and media * Vox Media, an American digital media company ** ''Vox ...
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Willem Ravelli
Willem Ravelli (31 May 1892 – 21 September 1980) was a Dutch classical bass-baritone and an academic voice teacher. After a short operatic career with De Nederlandse Opera, he worked mostly in concert, singing ''Lieder'' and oratorios. He is known for as the voice of Christ in Bach's ''St Matthew Passion'', which he performed more than 400 times, including the first recording of the work. Career Born Willem Albert Felix Ravelli in The Hague, Ravelli studied voice with Frans Andreolie and Cornélie van Zanten, then at the conservatory in his home town in the opera class of Anton Sistermans. Ravelli was a member of the De Nederlandse Opera in Amsterdam from the 1922/23 season. He appeared in many supporting roles, such as Morales in Bizet's ''Carmen'' and Alcindor in Puccini's '' La bohème'', and in 1927 as Wolfram in Wagner's ''Tannhäuser''. He focused on concert singing, succeeding Thomas Denijs as the vox Christi in the regular performances of Bach's ''St Matthew Passi ...
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Evangelist (Bach)
The Evangelist in the music of Johann Sebastian Bach is the tenor part in his oratorios and Passions who narrates the exact words of the Bible, translated by Martin Luther, in recitative secco. The part appears in the works ''St John Passion'', ''St Matthew Passion'', and the ''Christmas Oratorio'', as well as the '' St Mark Passion'' and the ''Ascension Oratorio Lobet Gott in seinen Reichen, BWV 11''. Some cantatas also contain recitatives of Bible quotations, assigned to the tenor voice. Bach followed a tradition using the tenor for the narrator of a gospel. It exists (and is also often called ''the Evangelist'') in earlier works setting biblical narration, for example by Heinrich Schütz ('' Weinachtshistorie'', ''Matthäuspassion'', ''Lukaspassion'', ''Johannespassion''). In contrast, the vox Christi, voice of Christ, is always the bass in Bach's works, including several cantatas. Music and sources The Evangelist reports in secco recitatives accompanied by basso continuo ...
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Karl Erb
Karl Erb (13 July 1877 – 13 July 1958) was a German tenor who made his career first in opera and then in oratorio and lieder recital. He excelled in all these genres, and before 1920 gave classic performances of key roles in modern works, and created lead roles in those of Hans Pfitzner. He was the first husband of Maria Ivogün and was considered by many the ideal Evangelist in Bach's ''St Matthew Passion''. Origins and early training Erb was born in Ravensburg. As a child, he was enrolled in the local Liebfrauenkirche charity choir and music class. His mother taught him to love poetry and he excelled at school. His voice did not break abruptly, but deepened and intensified to a beautiful and spiritual timbre. He was sought out for private musical events and performed in amateur theatre at the Ravensburg Konzerthaus. He later worked at Wolfegg and at Rot as cashier for the State Gas and Waterworks. In 1902, the Königliches Hoftheater in Stuttgart burnt down, and the compa ...
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Palm Sunday
Palm Sunday is a Christian moveable feast that falls on the Sunday before Easter. The feast commemorates Christ's triumphal entry into Jerusalem, an event mentioned in each of the four canonical Gospels. Palm Sunday marks the first day of Holy Week. For adherents of mainstream Christianity, it is the last week of the Christian solemn season of Lent that precedes the arrival of Eastertide. In most liturgical churches, Palm Sunday is celebrated by the blessing and distribution of palm branches (or the branches of other native trees), representing the palm branches which the crowd scattered in front of Christ as he rode into Jerusalem; these palms are sometimes woven into crosses. The difficulty of procuring palms in unfavorable climates led to their substitution with branches of native trees, including box, olive, willow, and yew. The Sunday was often named after these substitute trees, as in Yew Sunday, or by the general term Branch Sunday. In Syriac Christianity it is often c ...
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Symphony No
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, most often for orchestra. Although the term has had many meanings from its origins in the ancient Greek era, by the late 18th century the word had taken on the meaning common today: a work usually consisting of multiple distinct sections or movements, often four, with the first movement in sonata form. Symphonies are almost always scored for an orchestra consisting of a string section (violin, viola, cello, and double bass), brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments which altogether number about 30 to 100 musicians. Symphonies are notated in a musical score, which contains all the instrument parts. Orchestral musicians play from parts which contain just the notated music for their own instrument. Some symphonies also contain vocal parts (e.g., Beethoven's Ninth Symphony). Etymology and origins The word ''symphony'' is derived from the Greek word (), meaning "agreement or concord of sound", "concert of ...
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Hugo Wolf
Hugo Philipp Jacob Wolf (13 March 1860 – 22 February 1903) was an Austrian composer of Slovene origin, particularly noted for his art songs, or Lieder. He brought to this form a concentrated expressive intensity which was unique in late Romantic music, somewhat related to that of the Second Viennese School in concision but diverging greatly in technique. Though he had several bursts of extraordinary productivity, particularly in 1888 and 1889, depression frequently interrupted his creative periods, and his last composition was written in 1898, before he suffered a mental collapse caused by syphilis. Early life (1860–1887) Hugo Wolf was born in Windischgrätz in the Duchy of Styria (now Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia), then a part of the Austrian Empire. Herbert von Karajan was related to him on his maternal side. He spent most of his life in Vienna, becoming a representative of a "New German" trend in Lieder, a trend which followed from the expressive, chromatic and d ...
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