Jihad Makdissi
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Jihad Makdissi
Jihad Makdissi ( ar, جهاد مقدسي) was the Foreign Ministry spokesman of the Syrian government from 1998 to 2012. He is a member of Syria's Catholic minority and is fluent in English and French. Makdissi graduated from Al-Nour high school in Damascus and studied in Paris at the ENA. He received his master's degree in Diplomacy and International Relations in 2009 from the University of Westminster and his doctorate from the unaccredited American University of London in Media Studies in 2011. Prior to becoming official spokesman, he had worked for five years in Syria's London embassy. On 2 December 2012, it was rumoured that he had been sacked from his position and left for the United Kingdom. Subsequently, additional rumours circulated stating that Makdissi had not been sacked but had instead defected. Al Arabiya News reported that a Syrian government spokesman had stated that he was on three months agreed leave while Hezbollah stated that he had been dismissed for "improvis ...
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Minister Of Foreign Affairs And Expatriates (Syria)
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates of the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, وزارة الخارجية والمغتربين) is a cabinet ministry of Syria, responsible for conducting foreign relations of the country. History The responsibilities of the Ministry of Expatriates were merged on April 14, 2011. Foreign ministers The following is a list of foreign ministers of Syria since 1920: Arab Kingdom of Syria (1918–1920) *(1920) Awni Abd al-Hadi *(1920) Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar *(1920) Alaa ad-Din ad-Durubi French Mandate for Syria (1920–1946) *(1936–1939) Saadallah al-Jabiri *(1939) Fayez al-Khoury *(1939) Khalid al-Azm *(1941–1943) Fayez al-Khoury *(1943) Naim Antaki *(1943–1945) Jamil Mardam Bey *(1945) Mikhail Ilyan *(1945–1946) Saadallah al-Jabiri Syrian Republic (1946–1958) *(1946–1947) Naim Antaki *(1947–1948) Jamil Mardam Bey *(1948) Muhsin al-Barazi *(1948–1949) Khali ...
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Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, while Cyprus lies to its west across the Mediterranean Sea; its location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has contributed to its rich history and shaped a cultural identity of religious diversity. It is part of the Levant region of the Middle East. Lebanon is home to roughly six million people and covers an area of , making it the second smallest country in continental Asia. The official language of the state is Arabic, while French is also formally recognized; the Lebanese dialect of Arabic is used alongside Modern Standard Arabic throughout the country. The earliest evidence of civilization in Lebanon dates back over 7000 years, predating recorded history. Modern-day Lebanon was home to the Phoenicians, a m ...
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Living People
Related categories * :Year of birth missing (living people) / :Year of birth unknown * :Date of birth missing (living people) / :Date of birth unknown * :Place of birth missing (living people) / :Place of birth unknown * :Year of death missing / :Year of death unknown * :Date of death missing / :Date of death unknown * :Place of death missing / :Place of death unknown * :Missing middle or first names See also * :Dead people * :Template:L, which generates this category or death years, and birth year and sort keys. : {{DEFAULTSORT:Living people 21st-century people People by status ...
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Syrian Politicians
Syrians ( ar, سُورِيُّون, ''Sūriyyīn'') are an Eastern Mediterranean ethnic group indigenous to the Levant. They share common Levantine Semitic roots. The cultural and linguistic heritage of the Syrian people is a blend of both indigenous elements and the foreign cultures that have come to inhabit the region of Syria over the course of thousands of years. The mother tongue of most Syrians is Levantine Arabic, which came to replace the former mother tongue, Aramaic, following the Muslim conquest of the Levant in the 7th century. The conquest led to the establishment of the Caliphate under successive Arab dynasties, who, during the period of the later Abbasid Caliphate, promoted the use of the Arabic language. A minority of Syrians have retained Aramaic which is still spoken in its Eastern and Western dialects. In 2018, the Syrian Arab Republic had an estimated population of 19.5 million, which includes, aside from the aforementioned majority, ethnic minorities such as ...
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 2254
The United Nations Security Council Resolution 2254 was unanimously adopted on 18 December 2015. It calls for a ceasefire and political settlement in Syria. This document describe the roadmap for Syria's political transition. As of 2022, no real progress has been made to implement the resolution. The resolution The resolution ''demanded'' that all parties immediately cease any attacks against civilian targets, it ''urged'' all Member States to support efforts to achieve a ceasefire and ''requested'' the U.N. to convene the parties to engage in formal negotiations in early January 2016. Groups seen as "terrorist groups" by the U.N. Security Council, including the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and the al-Nusra Front, were excluded. Offensive and defensive actions against such groups would continue. A mechanism to monitor the ceasefire would be set up.< Within 18 months, free and fair elections would be held under U.N. supervision. The political transition w ...
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Syrian Peace Process
The Syrian peace process is the ensemble of initiatives and plans to resolve the Syrian civil war, which has been ongoing in Syria since 2011 and has Spillover of the Syrian Civil War, spilled beyond its borders. The peace process has been moderated by the Arab League, the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General, UN Special Envoy on Syria, Russia and Western world, Western powers. The negotiating parties to end the conflict are typically representatives of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, Syrian Ba'athist government and Syrian opposition, while the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria is usually excluded at the insistence of Turkey. Radical Salafist forces and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant have not engaged in any contacts on peaceful resolution to the conflict. The attempts to find a solution to the Syrian conflict and bring stability to the Middle East began in late 2011, when the Arab League launched two initiatives, but without much succe ...
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The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid digital subscribers. It also is a producer of popular podcasts such as '' The Daily''. Founded in 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones, it was initially published by Raymond, Jones & Company. The ''Times'' has won 132 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any newspaper, and has long been regarded as a national " newspaper of record". For print it is ranked 18th in the world by circulation and 3rd in the U.S. The paper is owned by the New York Times Company, which is publicly traded. It has been governed by the Sulzberger family since 1896, through a dual-class share structure after its shares became publicly traded. A. G. Sulzberger, the paper's publisher and the company's chairman, is the fifth generation of the family to head the pa ...
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Emirate Of Abu Dhabi
The Emirate of Abu Dhabi (, , or ; ar, إِمَارَةْ أَبُوظَبِي , ) is one of seven emirates that constitute the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is by far the largest emirate, accounting for 87% of the nation's total land area or 67,340 km2 (or 26,000 sq mi). Abu Dhabi also has the second-largest population of the seven emirates. In June 2011 this was estimated to be 2,120,700 people, of which 439,100 people (less than 21%) were Emirati citizens. The city of Abu Dhabi, after which the emirate is named, is the capital of both the emirate and federation. In the early 1970s, two important developments influenced the status of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The first was the establishment of the United Arab Emirates in December 1971, with Abu Dhabi as its political and administrative capital. The second was the sharp increase in oil prices following the October 1973 War, which accompanied a change in the relationship between the oil countries and foreign oil companies, ...
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Asharq Al-Awsat
''Asharq Al-Awsat'' ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, Aš-Šarq al-ʾAwsaṭ, meaning "The Middle East") is an Arabic international newspaper headquartered in London. A pioneer of the "off-shore" model in the Arabic press, the paper is often noted for its distinctive green-tinted pages. ''The New York Times'' in 2005 called ''Asharq Al-Awsat'' "one of the oldest and most influential in the region."Hassan M. Fattah. (6 February 2005)"Spreading the Word: Who's Who in the Arab Media" Retrieved 26 March 2008 Although published under the name of a private company, Saudi Research and Marketing Group (SRMG), the paper was founded with the approval of the Saudi royal family and government ministers, and is noted for its support of the Saudi government. The newspaper is owned by Faisal bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, a member of the Saudi royal family. Launched in London in 1978, and printed on four continents in 14 cities, the paper is often billed as "the leading Arab daily newspaper," ...
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Spokesperson
A spokesperson, spokesman, or spokeswoman, is someone engaged or elected to speak on behalf of others. Duties and function In the present media-sensitive world, many organizations are increasingly likely to employ professionals who have received formal training in journalism, communications, public relations and public affairs in this role in order to ensure that public announcements are made in the most appropriate fashion and through the most appropriate channels to maximize the impact of favorable messages, and to minimize the impact of unfavorable messages. Celebrity spokespeople such as popular local and national sports stars (such as Michael Jordan for Nike and Coca-Cola) or television and film stars (such as Beyoncé for Pepsi and L'Oreal) are often chosen as spokespeople for commercial advertising. Responsibilities Unlike an individual giving a personal testimonial, it is the job of a spokesperson to faithfully represent and advocate for the organization's positions ...
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Al-Manar TV
Al-Manar ( ar, المنار, ''al-Manār'', lit=''The Lighthouse'') is a Lebanese satellite television station owned and operated by the political party Hezbollah,Germany bans Hezbollah’s al-Manar TV Channel
21 November 2008, Ya Libnan
broadcasting from , . The channel was launched on 4 June 1991 and it is a member of the Arab States Broadcasting Union. Al-Manar was designated as a “