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January 2021 Kazakh Local Elections
Local elections were held in Kazakhstan on 10 January 2021 to elect in total of all 3,246 members of the 214 mäslihats ''(local assemblies)'' which included 489 regional members and 2,757 municipal members. This is the first election to take place under party-list proportional representation system that was enacted in 2018, giving political parties a role in local races and it coincided with the 2021 legislative elections. The ruling Nur Otan party swept a majority of 3083 local seats followed by the Auyl People's Democratic Patriotic Party (AUYL) with 268 and the Ak Zhol Democratic Party with 267 and People's Party of Kazakhstan with 107 seats while the Adal, which earned the fewest total votes of 2.1%, had managed to garner 24 seats in the district mäslihats by passing the 7% electoral threshold in some races. Background Throughout the history of Kazakhstan, local elections were non-partisan and the members were elected through single-member constituents. In 2018, the Parl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nursultan Nazarbayev (2020-03-10) (cropped 2)
Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev ( kk, Нұрсұлтан Әбішұлы Назарбаев; Nūrsūltan Äbışūly Nazarbaev, ; born 6 July 1940) is a Kazakh politician and military officer who served as the first President of Kazakhstan, from the country’s independence in 1991 until his formal resignation in 2019, and as the Chairman of the Security Council of Kazakhstan from 1991 to 2022. He held the special title of Elbasy (meaning "Leader of the Nation", ) from 2010 to 2022. Nazarbayev was one of the longest-ruling non-royal leaders in the world, having led Kazakhstan for nearly three decades, excluding chairmanship in the Security Council after the end of his presidency. He has often been referred to as a dictator due to usurpation of power and autocratic rule. Nazarbayev began his political career in 1962, joining the Communist Party of the Soviet Union while working as a factory steel worker. He held prominent positions within the party and in 1984, he was appointed as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serik Sultangali
Serik Sultangaliuly Sultangali (, ''Serık Sūltanğaliūly Sūltanğali''; born 17 April 1953) is a Kazakh politician and businessman, who served as chairman of the ADAL political party from 2013 to 2022. He was also the chairman of the KazTransGaz company. Early life and career Sultangali was born in the village of Janalash in Almaty Region. In 1977, he graduated from the Satbayev University with a degree in urban architecture. After graduating, Sultangali worked as an architect of the Kazgorstroyproekt Institute, then the Oktyabrsky District of GlavUAGA. In 1984, he became the senior inspector and assistant to the chairman of the Almaty City Executive Committee. From 1989, Sultangali was the chairman of the Alatau village council until becoming the head of the City Executive Committee and the Department of Housing of the Almaty City Administration in 1990. In 1993, he became the chairman of the board of Concern Altyn-Alma JSC and from 1994, Sultangali worked as the Firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Election Commission (Kazakhstan)
The Central Election Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстан Республикасының Орталық сайлау комиссиясы, OSK; ) is a state body in Kazakhstan, which heads the unified system of electoral commissions. History The OSK was originally formed on 22 September 1989 as the Central Election Commission for Elections and Recall of People's Deputies of the Kazakh SSR by the Resolution of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR. It was consisted of 25 people. By the Decree of the President of Kazakhstan of No. 3205, the current Regulation on the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan was approved on 11 November 1996. In 2013, the OSK became a member of the World Association of Electoral Bodies. Functions In accordance with Article 12 of the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan from 28 September 1995 "On elections in the Republic of Kazakhstan", the OSK exercises control over the implementation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of Kazakhstan
The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстан Республикасының Конституциясы, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Konstitutsiasy, ) is the highest law of Kazakhstan, as stated in Article 4. The Constitution was approved by referendum on 30 August 1995.Constitution of Kazakhstan City Montessori School Lucknow, India This date has since been adopted as the "Constitution Day of the Republic of Kazakhstan". is the official language of the state, while Article 7, section 2 states that the "Russian language shall be officially used on equal grounds". Preamble The[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Justice (Kazakhstan)
The Ministry of Justice of Kazakhstan is government ministry tasked with the duty of overseeing the country's legal agencies. Organization The ministry consists of the following departments: * Nur-Sultan City Justice Department * Almaty City Justice Department * Akmola Regional Justice Department * Aktobe Regional Justice Department * Almaty Regional Justice Department * Atyrau Regional Justice Department * West Kazakhstan Regional Justice Department * Jambyl Region Regional Justice Department * Karaganda Regional Justice Department * Karaganda City Justice Department * Kostanay Regional Justice Department * Kyzylorda Regional Justice Department * Mangystau Regional Justice Department * South Kazakhstan Regional Justice Department * Mangystau Regional Justice Department * Pavlodar Regional Justice Department * North Kazakhstan Regional Justice Department * East Kazakhstan Regional Justice Department National governmental bodies: * Strategic Planning Department * Depa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Kazakhstan
The Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan ( kk, Қазақстан Республикасының Парламенті, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Parlamentı; rus, Парламент Республики Казахстан, r=Parliament Respubliki Kazakhstan) is the bicameral legislature of Kazakhstan. The lower house is the Mazhilis, with 107 seats, (98 seats are from party lists, 9 – from Assembly of People) which are elected to five-year terms. The upper house is the Senate, which has 47 members. History In early autumn 1994, journalist and ex-candidate for the Supreme Council of Kazakhstan Tatyana Kvyatkovskaya filed a lawsuit demanding to nullify the results of the 1994 Kazakh legislative election. After lengthy trials in March 1995, the then-existing Constitutional Court of Kazakhstan, despite the objections by President Nursultan Nazarbayev and Supreme Council Chairman Abish Kekilbayev, recognized Kvyatkovskaya's claims as justified on 6 March 1995. As a resul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-member District
A single-member district is an electoral district represented by a single officeholder. It contrasts with a multi-member district, which is represented by multiple officeholders. Single-member districts are also sometimes called single-winner voting, winner-takes-all, or single-member constituencies. A number of electoral systems use single-member districts, including plurality voting (first-past-the-post), two-round systems, instant-runoff voting (IRV), approval voting, range voting, Borda count, and Condorcet methods (such as the Minimax Condorcet, Schulze method, and Ranked Pairs). Of these, plurality and runoff voting are the most common. In some countries, such as Australia and India, members of the lower house of parliament are elected from single-member districts; and members of the upper house are elected from multi-member districts. In some other countries like Singapore, members of parliament can be elected from both single-member districts as well as multi-member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-partisan
Nonpartisanism is a lack of affiliation with, and a lack of bias towards, a political party. While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of ''partisan'' includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan". Canada In Canada, the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories and the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut are the only bodies at the provincial/territorial level that are currently nonpartisan; they operate on a consensus government system. The autonomous Nunatsiavut Assembly operates similarly on a sub-provincial level. India In India, the Jaago Re! One Billion Votes campaign was a non-partisan campaign initiated by Tata Tea, and Janaagraha to encourage citizens to vote in the 2009 Indian general election. The campaign was a non-partisan campaign initiated by Anal Saha. Philippines In the Philippines, barangay elections (electio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Threshold
The electoral threshold, or election threshold, is the minimum share of the primary vote that a candidate or political party requires to achieve before they become entitled to representation or additional seats in a legislature. This limit can operate in various ways, e.g. in party-list proportional representation systems where an electoral threshold requires that a party must receive a specified minimum percentage of votes (e.g. 5%), either nationally or in a particular electoral district, to obtain seats in the legislature. In Single transferable voting the election threshold is called the quota and not only the first choice but also the next-indicated choices are used to determine whether or not a party passes the electoral threshold (and it is possible to be elected under STV even if a candidate does not pass the election threshold). In MMP systems the election threshold determines which parties are eligible for the top-up seats. The effect of an electoral threshold is to d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adal (political Party)
Adal (), known as Birlik () until 2020, was a centre-right political party in Kazakhstan that was formed as a result of merger between Rukhaniyat Party and Democratic Party Adilet on 26 April 2013. The party is led by Serik Sultangali, a Kazakh businessman and has a membership of over 300,000 people as of 2021. Since its creation, the Adal has participated in every parliamentary election, often taking last place in terms of vote share and has not never nominated a presidential candidate for the elections. On April 26, 2022, the Amanat and Adal parties merged. The party positioned itself as a pro-government by maintaining its support for continued nationwide reforms and called for large-scale modernisation of all spheres of society based on the principles of justice for people, accountability of government and competitiveness of business. History On 26 April 2013, the two parties Adilet and Rukhaniyat made a decision to merge with each other to form Birlik (meaning Unity). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2021 Kazakh Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in Kazakhstan on 10 January 2021 to elect the members of the Mazhilis. This was the 8th legislative election in Kazakhstan's history since its independence. It coincided with the 2021 local elections. This election marks the first to be held under Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's presidency and the first since 2004 to be held at the normally scheduled date, rather than due to an early dissolution of the Mazhilis. The ruling Nur Otan (NO) party maintained its dominant party status in the Mazhilis by winning 71.1% of the vote and sweeping 76 seats; however, it fared worse than the prior election in 2016, losing 8 seats and 11.1% of votes, while two parties nominally in the opposition (Ak Zhol Democratic Party and People's Party of Kazakhstan HP, present in the Mazhilis since 2012, performed better, each seeing a small gain in votes and seats. Despite some expectations, the other contesting parties failed to reach the 7% electoral threshold, and thus were n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party-list Proportional Representation
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a subset of proportional representation electoral systems in which multiple candidates are elected (e.g., elections to parliament) through their position on an electoral list. They can also be used as part of mixed-member electoral systems. In these systems, parties make lists of candidates to be elected, and seats are distributed by elections authorities to each party in proportion to the number of votes the party receives. Voters may vote for the party, as in Albania, Argentina, Turkey, and Israel; or for candidates whose vote total will pool to the party/parties, as in Finland, Brazil and the Netherlands; or a choice between the last two ways stated: panachage. Voting In most party list systems, a voter may only vote for one party (single choice ballot) with their list vote, although ranked ballots may also be used (spare vote). Open list systems may allow more than one ''preference votes'' ''within'' a party list (votes f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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