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James Douglas, 2nd Earl Of Queensberry
James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Queensberry (before 16221671) was a Scottish noble, politician and Covenanter. Biography James was the second son of William Douglas, 1st Earl of Queensberry and his wife Isabel. On his father's death in 1640 he succeeded to the titles 2nd Earl of Queensberry, 2nd Viscount of Drumlanrig, and 2nd Lord Douglas of Hawick and Tibberis. James was appointed a Commissioner for the apprehension of papists on 5 July 1642. He supported Charles I in the Civil War and was taken prisoner after the Battle of Kilsyth, being confined in Carlisle in 1645. Subsequently, he was fined 180,000 Scots merks (of which only 120,000 was paid), and again fined £4,000 under Cromwell's Act of Grace, which constituted a conditional pardon. In 1661 he was appointed a Commissioner of Excise, and a justice of the peace in 1663. Family James married first Mary Hamilton (Viscountess Drumlanrig), 3rd daughter of James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Hamilton, by contract dated 4 June 163 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Covenanter
Covenanters ( gd, Cùmhnantaich) were members of a 17th-century Scottish religious and political movement, who supported a Presbyterian Church of Scotland, and the primacy of its leaders in religious affairs. The name is derived from ''Covenant'', a biblical term for a bond or agreement with God. The origins of the movement lay in disputes with James VI, and his son Charles I over church structure and doctrine. In 1638, thousands of Scots signed the National Covenant, pledging to resist changes imposed by Charles on the kirk; following victory in the 1639 and 1640 Bishops' Wars, the Covenanters took control of Scotland and the 1643 Solemn League and Covenant brought them into the First English Civil War on the side of Parliament. Following his defeat in May 1646 Charles I surrendered to the Scots Covenanters, rather than Parliament. By doing so, he hoped to exploit divisions between Presbyterians, and English Independents. As a result, the Scots supported Charles in the 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Douglas (English Army Officer)
Lieutenant-General James Douglas (1645–1691), younger brother of the Duke of Queensberry, was a Scottish military officer, who served as MP for Peeblesshire in the 1685 to 1686 Parliament of Scotland. From 1672 to 1684, he served in the French army and the Dutch Scots Brigade, before being appointed Commander in Chief for Scotland by James II. After James was replaced by William III in the November 1688 Glorious Revolution, he held a number of senior commands in the 1689–1691 Williamite War in Ireland. He was transferred to the Low Countries in late 1690 to serve in the Nine Years War, and died of fever at Namur in 1691. Personal details James Douglas was the second son of James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Queensberry (c. 16101671) and his wife Lady Margaret Stewart. The Earl signed the 1638 National Covenant, but took little part in the 1639–1651 Wars of the Three Kingdoms; arrested in 1645 for attempting to join Montrose's Royalist campaign, he was released after paying ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earls Of Queensberry
Marquess of Queensberry is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. The title has been held since its creation in 1682 by a member of the Douglas family. The Marquesses also held the title of Duke of Queensberry from 1684 to 1810, when it was inherited by the Duke of Buccleuch. History The feudal barony of Drumlanrig was held by Sir William Douglas, illegitimate son of The 2nd Earl of Douglas and Mar, some time before 1427, when he died. His descendant William Douglas, 9th of Drumlanrig, was created the 1st Earl of Queensberry in 1633. The subsidiary titles of Lord Queensberry are: Earl of Queensberry (created 1633), Viscount Drumlanrig (1628) and Lord Douglas of Hawick and Tibbers (1628), all in the peerage of Scotland. He is also a Scottish baronet, styled "of Kelhead", created 26 February 1668, so the 6th Marquess was the 5th Baronet. The courtesy title used by Lord Queensberry's eldest son and heir is ''Viscount Drumlanrig''. There is no special courtesy title for Lord Dru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1671 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – The Criminal Ordinance of 1670, the first attempt at a uniform code of criminal procedure in France, goes into effect after having been passed on August 26, 1670. * January 5 – The Battle of Salher is fought in India as the first major confrontation between the Maratha Empire and the Mughal Empire, with the Maratha Army of 40,000 infantry and cavalry under the command of General Prataprao Gujar defeating a larger Mughal force led by General Diler Khan. * January 17 – The ballet ''Psyché'', with music composed by Jean-Baptiste Lully, premieres before the royal court of King Louis XIV at the Théâtre des Tuileries in Paris. * January 28 – The city of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Panamá, founded more than 150 years earlier at the Isthmus of Panama by Spanish settlers and the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific Ocean, is destroyed by the Welsh pirate Henry Morgan. The last surviving ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earl Of Queensberry
Earl () is a rank of the nobility in the United Kingdom. The title originates in the Old English word ''eorl'', meaning "a man of noble birth or rank". The word is cognate with the Scandinavian form ''jarl'', and meant "chieftain", particularly a chieftain set to rule a territory in a king's stead. After the Norman Conquest, it became the equivalent of the continental count (in England in the earlier period, it was more akin to a duke; in Scotland, it assimilated the concept of mormaer). Alternative names for the rank equivalent to "earl" or "count" in the nobility structure are used in other countries, such as the ''hakushaku'' (伯爵) of the post-restoration Japanese Imperial era. In modern Britain, an earl is a member of the peerage, ranking below a marquess and above a viscount. A feminine form of ''earl'' never developed; instead, ''countess'' is used. Etymology The term ''earl'' has been compared to the name of the Heruli, and to runic ''erilaz''. Proto-Norse ''eri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Robert Grierson, 1st Baronet
Sir Robert Grierson, 1st Baronet of Lag (1655 – 31 December 1733) was a Scottish baronet from Dunfries-shire. He is best remembered as a notorious persecutor of the Covenanters, particularly among the people of Galloway, and is still referred to by nickname, "Cruel Lag". The character of Sir Robert Redgauntlet of "Wandering Willie's Tale" in Sir Walter Scott's ''Redgauntlet'' is based on Grierson. Personal life Robert Grierson was born in 1655 at the farm of Barquhar, in Dumfries, Scotland. His parents were Laird William Grierson (1626-1666) of Barquhar, Kirkcudbright, Scotland, the 1st Tutor of Lag, and his wife, Margaret Douglas (b. 1633). His maternal grandfather was Sir James Douglas, of Mouswald, Dumfriesshire. The Griersons claimed descent from Malcolm MacGregor of Glenorchy. MacGregor was supposedly a key ally of Robert the Bruce, resulting in claims that Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney granted him the lands of Lag in Dumfriesshire in 1408.HendersonGrierson, Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lockhart-Ross Baronets
The Lockhart, later Lockhart-Ross Baronetcy, of Carstairs in the County of Lanark, was a title in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia. History It was created on 28 February 1672 for William Lockhart. The fourth Baronet used the surname Ross-Lockhart, which was also borne by the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth Baronets. The sixth Baronet was an admiral in the Royal Navy and sat as Member of Parliament for Lanark and Lanarkshire. The seventh Baronet was Member of Parliament for Tain Burghs, Ross-shire and Linlithgow Burghs. The ninth Baronet was an inventor and commercial entrepreneur. The title became extinct on his death in 1942. Lockhart-Ross baronets, of Carstairs *Sir William Lockhart, 1st Baronet (died 1710)George Edward Cokayne, ''The Complete Baronetage''volume IV(1904) pp. 286–288 *Sir James Lockhart, 2nd Baronet (died 1755) *Sir William Lockhart, 3rd Baronet (1715–1758) *Sir James Ross-Lockhart, 4th Baronet (1717–1760) *Sir George Lockhart, 5th Baronet (1718–177 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Stewart, 3rd Earl Of Galloway
Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Aleksander and Aleksandr. Related names and diminutives include Iskandar, Alec, Alek, Alex, Alexandre, Aleks, Aleksa and Sander; feminine forms include Alexandra, Alexandria, and Sasha. Etymology The name ''Alexander'' originates from the (; 'defending men' or 'protector of men'). It is a compound of the verb (; 'to ward off, avert, defend') and the noun (, genitive: , ; meaning 'man'). It is an example of the widespread motif of Greek names expressing "battle-prowess", in this case the ability to withstand or push back an enemy battle line. The earliest attested form of the name, is the Mycenaean Greek feminine anthroponym , , (/ Alexandra/), written in the Linear B syllabic script. Alaksandu, alternatively called ''Alakasandu' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Maastricht (1676)
The 1676 Siege of Maastricht was a failed attempt by William III of Orange to take the city, which had been occupied by the French since 1673. The siege took place during the Franco-Dutch war of 6 July to 27 August 1676. Background In the 1667-1668 War of Devolution, France captured most of the Spanish Netherlands but the Triple Alliance of the Dutch Republic, England and Sweden forced them to relinquish most of these gains in the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Louis XIV now moved to break up the Alliance; Sweden remained neutral in return for the payment of large subsidies, while England agreed to join the French against the Dutch in the 1670 Treaty of Dover.Lynn 1999, p. 109-110. Alliances with Münster and the Electorate of Cologne allowed the French to bypass defences in the Spanish Netherlands when they invaded the Dutch Republic in May 1672. They seemed to have achieved an overwhelming victory but the Dutch army then withdrew behind the Dutch Water Line and the gate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Trier
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characterized by one party holding a strong, static, defensive position. Consequently, an opportunity for negotiation between combatants is common, as proximity and fluctuating advantage can encourage diplomacy. The art of conducting and resisting sieges is called siege warfare, siegecraft, or poliorcetics. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a quick assault, and which refuses to surrender. Sieges involve surrounding the target to block the provision of supplies and the reinforcement or escape of troops (a tactic known as "investment"). This is typically coupled with attempts to reduce the fortifications by means of siege engines, artillery bombardment, mining (also known as sapping), or the use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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