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Jacob II Of Cilicia
Jacob II was the Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church between 1327 and 1341, and then again between 1355 and 1359. He was the nephew of a previous Catholicos, Gregory VII of Cilicia. During a Mamaluke invasion he and King Leo IV of Armenia got into a severe disagreement over how to deal with the situation. The dispute grew so large that Jacob threatened Leo with the vengeance of the church. Leo was so enraged by this that he had Jacob deposed from the pontificate. Mukhitar Ter Mukhik from the village of Curnah was elected pontiff in his place. In 1347 the new King Constantine II, King of Armenia began a conversation with the pope in Avignon Avignon (, ; ; oc, Avinhon, label=Provençal dialect, Provençal or , ; la, Avenio) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region of So ... about religious affairs and sent former Catholicos Jacob on a mission to see Pope. U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholicos
Catholicos, plural Catholicoi, is a title used for the head of certain churches in some Eastern Christian traditions. The title implies autocephaly and in some cases it is the title of the head of an autonomous church. The word comes from ancient Greek , pl. , derived from (, "generally") from (, "down") and (, "whole"), meaning "concerning the whole, universal, general"; it originally designated a financial or civil office in the Roman Empire.Wigram, p. 91. The name of the Catholic Church comes from the same word—however, the title "Catholicos" does not exist in its hierarchy. The Church of the East, some Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic churches historically use this title;The Motu Proprio ''Cleri Sanctitati'' Canon 335 for example the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Georgian Orthodox Church. In the Church of the East, the title was given to the church's head, the Patriarch of the Church of the East. It is still used in two successor churches, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Apostolic Church
, native_name_lang = hy , icon = Armenian Apostolic Church logo.svg , icon_width = 100px , icon_alt = , image = Էջմիածնի_Մայր_Տաճար.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , alt = , caption = Etchmiadzin Cathedral, the mother church of the Armenian Apostolic Church , abbreviation = , type = , main_classification = Eastern Christian , orientation = Oriental Orthodox , scripture = Septuagint, New Testament, Armenian versions , theology = Miaphysitism , polity = Episcopal , governance = Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin , structure = , leader_title = Head , leader_name = Catholicos of All Armenians Karekin II , leader_title1 = , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = , leader_title3 = , leader_name3 = , associations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregory VII Of Cilicia
Gregory VII was the Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church between 1293 and 1307. Gregory succeeded Stephen IV who died in captivity in Egypt. The location of the Holy See at Rumkale had recently been destroyed by the Mamalukes invasion and so Gregory moved the See to Sis. During this period a rival Catholicos reigned at Akhtamar and King Hethoum II lifted excommunication on that group and decreed that both Akhtamar and Cilician Sees would have distinct power in their own regions. Catholicos Gregory was on very good terms with his counterpart at Akhtamar. Gregory was said to have been very meek and gentle. He tried to bring the Armenian Church into line with the Greeks, an always very controversial issue which caused much discontent towards him. Near the end of his reign the kingdom was in an era of peace, so Gregory saw it as an opportunity to propose better regulations for ecclesiastical customs and ceremonies. He composed a religious creed which he gave to King Levon II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamaluke
Mamluk ( ar, مملوك, mamlūk (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural), translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave", also transliterated as ''Mameluke'', ''mamluq'', ''mamluke'', ''mameluk'', ''mameluke'', ''mamaluke'', or ''marmeluke'') is a term most commonly referring to non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Southern Russian, Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) slave-soldiers and freed slaves who were assigned military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab dynasties in the Muslim world. The most enduring Mamluk realm was the knightly military class in Egypt in the Middle Ages, which developed from the ranks of slave-soldiers. Originally the Mamluks were slaves of Turkic origin from the Eurasian Steppe, but the institution of military slavery spread to include Circassians, Abkhazians, Georgians,"Relations of the Georgian Mamluks of Egypt with Their Homeland in the Last Decades of the Eighteenth Century". Daniel Crecelius and Gotcha Djap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leo IV Of Armenia
Leo IV or Leon IV ( hy, Լեւոն Դ, ''Levon IV'') (also numbered Leo V; ) (1309 – August 28, 1341) was the last Hethumid king of Cilicia, ruling from 1320 until his death. He was the son of Oshin of Armenia and Isabel of Korikos, and came to the throne on the death of his father. His name is sometimes spelled as Leo or Leon. He spent his minority under the regency of Oshin of Korikos. During this period, the kingdom was much harassed by Mamluks and Mongols. In 1320, the Egyptian sultan Naser Mohammed ibn Kelaoun invaded and ravaged Christian Armenian Cilicia. In a letter dated July 1, 1322, and sent from Avignon, Pope John XXII reminded Mongol ruler Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan of the alliance of his ancestors with Christians, asking him to intervene in Cilicia. At the same time he advocated that he abandon Islam in favor of Christianity. Mongol troops were sent to Cilicia, but only arrived after a ceasefire had been negotiated for 15 years between Constantin, patriarch of the Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine II, King Of Armenia
Constantine II ( hy, Կոստանդին Բ), (also Constantine IV; Western Armenian transliteration: ''Gosdantin'' or ''Kostantine''; died 17 April 1344), born Guy de Lusignan, was elected the first Latin King of Armenian Cilicia of the Poitiers-Lusignan dynasty, ruling from 1342 until his death in 1344. Life Guy de Lusignan was the son of Isabella, daughter of Leo II of Armenia, and Amalric, a son of Hugh III of Cyprus, and was governor of Serres from 1328 until 1341. When his cousin Leo IV, the last Hethumid monarch of Cilicia, was murdered by the barons, the crown was offered to his younger brother John, who urged Guy to accept it. Guy was reluctant — his mother and two of his brothers had been murdered by the Armenian regent Oshin of Corycos — but he eventually accepted and took the name Constantine. Guy was killed in an uprising in Armenia on April 17, 1344 and was succeeded by a distant cousin, Constantine III. Marriages and issue Guy married twice, firstly to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope
The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Catholic Church, and has also served as the head of state or sovereign of the Papal States and later the Vatican City State since the eighth century. From a Catholic viewpoint, the primacy of the bishop of Rome is largely derived from his role as the apostolic successor to Saint Peter, to whom primacy was conferred by Jesus, who gave Peter the Keys of Heaven and the powers of "binding and loosing", naming him as the "rock" upon which the Church would be built. The current pope is Francis, who was elected on 13 March 2013. While his office is called the papacy, the jurisdiction of the episcopal see is called the Holy See. It is the Holy See that is the sovereign entity by international law headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avignon
Avignon (, ; ; oc, Avinhon, label=Provençal dialect, Provençal or , ; la, Avenio) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region of Southeastern France. Located on the left bank of the river Rhône, the Communes of France, commune had a population of 93,671 as of the census results of 2017, with about 16,000 (estimate from Avignon's municipal services) living in the ancient town centre enclosed by its Walls of Avignon, medieval walls. It is Functional area (France), France's 35th largest metropolitan area according to Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, INSEE with 336,135 inhabitants (2019), and France's 13th largest urban unit with 458,828 inhabitants (2019). Its urban area was the fastest-growing in France from 1999 until 2010 with an increase of 76% of its population and an area increase of 136%. The Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Av ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine III Of Cilicia
Constantine III of Lampron was the Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church between 1323 and 1326. A short time after his election he traveled to Aleppo and there was invited to meet the Mamaluke sultan of Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ... Al-Nasir Muhammad. He was received with much honor and was able to persuade the sultan to make peace with Armenia. They signed a fifteen-year peace treaty, and Constantine returned to a rejoicing Sis. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Constantine 03 Of Cilicia Catholicoi of Cilicia Armenian Apostolic Christians 14th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mekhitar I Of Cilicia
Mkhitar or Mekhitar or Mechitar or Latinized Mechitarius ( hy, Մխիթար) is a common Armenian male given name. See Մխիթար for more on the origin of the name. The surname Mkhitaryan is from this name. Persons Notable people bearing this name include: ;Historical * Mekhitar of Sebaste (1676–1749), founder of the Mekhitarists * Mekhitar of Ayrivank (1222–1307), compiler of a canon of holy books, composer officer. * Mkhitar Gosh (1130–1213), a scholar, writer, public figure, thinker, and priest. * Mkhitar Sparapet (?-1730), a military commander * Mkhitar Heratsi, an Armenian physician of the 12th century ;Contemporary * Mkhitar Djrbashian (1918–1994), a notable Armenian mathematician. * Mkhitar Manukyan (born 1973), an Armenian wrestler * Mkhitar Mnatsakanyan (born 1950), Armenian politician and minister Others * Mkhitar Sebastatsi Educational Complex, a public school in Malatia-Sebastia District of Yerevan, Armenia See also *Mkhitaryan Mkhitaryan, Mkhitari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesrob I Of Cilicia
Mesrob or Mesrop ( hy, Մեսրոպ) is an Armenian given name. Mesrob / Mesrop may refer to: * Mesrop Mashtots, also Saint Mesrop, Armenian monk, theologian and linguist. Inventor of the Armenian alphabet ** Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, known as Matenadaran, a repository of ancient manuscripts, research institute and museum located in Yerevan, Armenia **Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots The Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots () is awarded for significant achievements in economic development of Armenia, natural and social sciences, inventions, culture, education, healthcare, and public service, as well as for activities promoting scient ..., awarded for significant achievements in Armenia * Mesrob Nishanian of Jerusalem, Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem from 1939 to 1944 * Mesrob I Naroyan of Constantinople, Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople from 1927 to 1944 * Mesrob II Mutafyan of Constantinople, Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople from 1998 to 2019 See also * Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
