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Ja'far Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ammar Al-Burjumi
Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Ammar al-Burjumi () (died 866) was a chief judge (''qadi al-qudat'') of the Abbasid Caliphate. Described as a member of a family originally from Kufa, he served as judge of Wasit before being appointed to the Kufan judiciary in 849/50 as replacement to the Mihna-era ''qadi'' Ghassan ibn Muhammad al-Marwazi. In 863 or 864 he was elevated to the chief judgeship by the Caliph al-Musta'in, and held that position until his death in 866.; . See also * Ja'far ibn Abd al-Wahid ibn Ja'far al-Hashimi * Yahya ibn Aktham Abu Muhammad Yahya ibn Aktham ( ar, أبو محمد يحيى بن أكثم, died 857) was a ninth century Arab Faqīh, Islamic jurist. He twice served as the Qadi, chief judge of the Abbasid Caliphate, from ca. 825 to 833 and 851 to 854. Career ... * Ibn Qutaybah Notes References * * * * * {{The History of al-Tabari Chief qadis of the Abbasid Caliphate 866 deaths 9th-century people from the Abbasid Caliphate People from Kufa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH). The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian capital city of Babylon. Baghdad became the center of science, culture and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wasit, Iraq
Wasit ( ar, وَاسِط, Wāsiṭ, syr, ܘܐܣܛ) is an ancient city in Wasit Governorate, south east of Kut in eastern Iraq. History The city was built by al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf in c. 702 CE on the west bank of the Tigris across from the historical city of Kashkar. Al-Hajjaj is said to have taken the doors for the citadel and the main mosque from Zanzaward. Al-Hajjaj died in Wasit in 714. To quote UNESCO: Wasit is an Islamic city built in the last quarter of the first Hijri century (7th century CE) by Al-Hajaj bin Yousif Al-Thaqafi, as an administrative centre for Iraq. As an ancient city its circumference is 16 kilometres. It was abandoned in the tenth Hijri century (16th century CE), after the change in the course of the river Tigris. Its remains stood sound and safe due to its distance from constructive and agricultural influence. Most of its buildings are of bricks. A survey was carried out from 1936 to 1942, and another in 1985. The large mosque was cleared out in four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
866 Deaths
__NOTOC__ Year 866 ( DCCCLXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * April 21 – Bardas, the regent of the Byzantine Empire, is murdered by Basil the Macedonian at Miletus, while conducting a large-scale expedition against the Saracen stronghold of Crete. * May 26 – Basil the Macedonian is crowned co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire, and is adopted by the much younger Michael III. Europe * May 27 – King Ordoño I, ruler of the Kingdom of Asturias, dies after a 16-year reign. He is succeeded by his son, Alfonso III, who later is referred to as "Alfonso the Great". * July 2 – Battle of Brissarthe: Frankish forces, led by Robert the Strong, are defeated by a joint Breton-Viking army. * Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor, defeats the Saracen invaders who are ravaging southern Italy. Britain * The Great Heathen Army of the Vikings rides north to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Qadis Of The Abbasid Caliphate
Chief may refer to: Title or rank Military and law enforcement * Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force * Chief of police, the head of a police department * Chief of the boat, the senior enlisted sailor on a U.S. Navy submarine * Chief petty officer, a non-commissioned officer or equivalent in many navies * Chief warrant officer, a military rank Other titles * Chief of the Name, head of a family or clan * Chief mate, or Chief officer, the highest senior officer in the deck department on a merchant vessel * Chief of staff, the leader of a complex organization * Fire chief, top rank in a fire department * Scottish clan chief, the head of a Scottish clan * Tribal chief, a leader of a tribal form of government * Chief, IRS-CI, the head and chief executive of U.S. Internal Revenue Service, Criminal Investigation Places * Chief Mountain, Montana, United States * Stawamus Chief or the Chief, a granite dome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Qutaybah
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muslim ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī al-Marwazī better known simply as Ibn Qutaybah ( ar-at, ابن قتيبة, Ibn Qutaybah; c. 828 – 13 November 889 CE / 213 – 15 Rajab 276 AH) was an Islamic scholar of Persian descent. He served as a judge during the Abbasid Caliphate, but was best known for his contributions to Arabic literature.Abd Allah Abu Muhammad Abd Allah ibn Muslim al-Dinwari Ibn Qutaybah from . , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yahya Ibn Aktham
Abu Muhammad Yahya ibn Aktham ( ar, أبو محمد يحيى بن أكثم, died 857) was a ninth century Arab Faqīh, Islamic jurist. He twice served as the Qadi, chief judge of the Abbasid Caliphate, from ca. 825 to 833 and 851 to 854. Career Yahya was born in Merv, Marw in Greater Khorasan, Khurasan and was a member of the Banu Tamim; he himself claimed descent from the judge Aktham ibn Sayfi. He studied ''hadith'' and ''fiqh'' in Basra. In 817-8 he was appointed as ''qadi'' (judge) of Basra, and he held that position until 825. Following his dismissal from Basra, Yahya was selected by al-Ma'mun () to serve as chief justice (''qadi al-qudat''). Yahya enjoyed strong relations with the caliph and became an immensely influential member of the administration, with all decisions made by the viziers being reportedly submitted to him for approval first. In 831 he participated in al-Ma'mun's Al-Ma'mun#Wars with Byzantium, campaign against the Byzantines and was put in command of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ja'far Ibn Abd Al-Wahid Ibn Ja'far Al-Hashimi
Abu Abdallah Ja'far ibn Abd al-Wahid ibn Ja'far ibn Sulayman ibn Ali al-Hashimi ( ar, أبو عبد الله جعفر بن عبد الواحد بن جعفر بن سليمان بن علي الهاشمي) (died 871/2?) was a Qadi#History, Chief judge of the Abbasid Caliphate, from 854 to 863/4. He was a minor member of the Abbasid dynasty, being a descendant of Sulayman ibn Ali al-Hashimi, Sulayman ibn Ali, the uncle of the caliphs As-Saffah, al-Saffah and al-Mansur. Although his jurisdictional background is obscure, he was appointed as chief judge (''qadi al-qudat'') by al-Mutawakkil in July 854 as a replacement for Yahya ibn Aktham. His tenure in office is notable for his participation in the Arab–Byzantine prisoner exchanges, Arab–Byzantine prisoner exchange of 856, during which al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Abi al-Shawarib acted as his deputy in Abbasid Samarra, Samarra. He remained in office until 863 or 864, when he was dismissed and exiled to Basra after the general Wasif al- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghassan Ibn Muhammad Al-Marwazi
The Ghassanids ( ar, الغساسنة, translit=al-Ġasāsina, also Banu Ghassān (, romanized as: ), also called the Jafnids, were an Arab tribe which founded a kingdom. They emigrated from southern Arabia in the early 3rd century to the Levant region. Some merged with Hellenized Christian communities, converting to Christianity in the first few centuries AD, while others may have already been Christians before emigrating north to escape religious persecution. After settling in the Levant, the Ghassanids became a client state to the Byzantine Empire and fought alongside them against the Persian Sassanids and their Arab vassals, the Lakhmids. The lands of the Ghassanids also acted as a buffer zone protecting lands that had been annexed by the Romans against raids by Bedouin tribes. Few Ghassanids became Muslim following the Muslim conquest of the Levant; most Ghassanids remained Christian and joined Melkite and Syriac communities within what is now Jordan, Israel, Palestine, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mihna
The Mihna ( ar, محنة خلق القرآن, ''Miḥnat k͟halaq al-Qurʾān'' "ordeal egardingthe createdness of the Qur'an") refers to the period of religious persecution instituted by the 'Abbasid Caliph al-Ma'mun in 833 CE in which religious scholars were punished, imprisoned, or even killed unless they conformed to Muʿtazila doctrine. The policy lasted for eighteen years (833–851 CE) as it continued through the reigns of al-Ma'mun's immediate successors, al-Mu'tasim and al-Wathiq, and four years of al-Mutawakkil who reversed it in 851. The abolition of Mihna is significant both as the end of the Abbasid Caliph's pretension to decide matters of religious orthodoxy, and as one of the few instances of specific religious persecution in Medieval Islam. Under al-Ma'mun In 827 CE, the caliph al-Ma’mun issued the proclamation of the doctrine of the createdness of the Qur'an. The proclamation was followed by the institution of the Mihna six years later, approximately fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kufa
Kufa ( ar, الْكُوفَة ), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about south of Baghdad, and northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000. Currently, Kufa and Najaf are joined into a single urban area that is mostly commonly known to the outside world as 'Najaf'. Along with Samarra, Karbala, Kadhimiya and Najaf, Kufa is one of five Iraqi cities that are of great importance to Shi'ite Muslims. The city was founded in 638 CE (17 Hijrah) during the reign of the second Rashidun Caliph, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and it was the final capital of the last Rashidun Caliph, Ali ibn Abi Talib. Kufa was also the founding capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Islamic Golden Age it was home to the grammarians of Kufa. Kufic script is named for the city. History Establishment during Umar's era After the Arab victory against the Byzantine Empire at Battle of Yarmouk in 636, Kufa was founded and given its name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Golden Age
The Islamic Golden Age was a period of cultural, economic, and scientific flourishing in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 14th century. This period is traditionally understood to have begun during the reign of the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid (786 to 809) with the inauguration of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, the world's largest city by then, where Muslim scholars and polymaths from various parts of the world with different cultural backgrounds were mandated to gather and translate all of the known world's classical knowledge into Aramaic and Arabic. The period is traditionally said to have ended with the collapse of the Abbasid caliphate due to Mongol invasions and the Siege of Baghdad in 1258. A few scholars date the end of the golden age around 1350 linking with the Timurid Renaissance, while several modern historians and scholars place the end of the Islamic Golden Age as late as the end of 15th to 16th centuries meeting with the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Musta'in
Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ( ar, أبو العباس أحمد بن محمد بن محمد; 836 – 17 October 866), better known by his regnal title Al-Mustaʿīn (836 – 17 October 866) was the Abbasid caliph from 862 to 866, during the "Anarchy at Samarra". After the death of previous Caliph, Al-Muntasir (who had not appointed any successors), the Turkic military leaders held a council to select his successor. They were not willing to have Al-Mu'tazz or his brothers; so they elected ''Ahmad ibn Muhammad'' (), a nephew of Al-Mutawakkil, who took the regnal name Al-Mustaʿīn bi-ʾllāh ( "he who looks for help to God"). Arab and other troops based in Baghdad, displeased at the choice, attacked the assembly, broke open the prison, and plundered the armory. They were attacked by the Turkic and Berber soldiers, and after some fighting in which many died, succumbed. Baghdad had yet to learn that the Caliphate no longer depended on the opinions of the Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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