|
JWH-175
JWH-175 is a drug from the naphthylmethylindole family which acts as a cannabinoid receptor agonist. It was invented by the scientist John W. Huffman and colleagues at Clemson University. JWH-175 is closely related to the widely used cannabinoid designer drug JWH-018, but with the ketone bridge replaced by a simpler methylene bridge. It is several times weaker than JWH-018, having a binding affinity at the CB1 receptor of 22 nM, though some derivatives substituted at the 4-position of the naphthyl ring have potency more closely approaching that of the equivalent naphthoylindoles. This makes JWH-175 considerably less potent than most synthetic cannabinoid drugs used in synthetic cannabis blends, and it is unclear if JWH-175 has ever been used for this purpose. However it has still been explicitly banned in several jurisdictions including Russia and some Australian states, in order to stop its potential use as an ingredient in such products. In the United States, all CB1 re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JWH Cannabinoids
The John W. Huffman research group at Clemson University synthesized over 450 cannabinoids. Some of those are: [Baidu] |
JWH-176
JWH-176 is an analgesic drug which acts as a cannabinoid receptor agonist. Its binding affinity at the CB1 receptor is 26.0 nM, making it more potent than THC itself, however JWH-176 is particularly notable in that it is a hydrocarbon containing no heteroatoms. This demonstrates that reasonably high-affinity cannabinoid binding and agonist effects can be produced by compounds with no hydrogen bonding capacity at all, relying merely on Van der Waals and possibly hydrophobic interactions to bind to the receptor. It was discovered by, and named after, John W. Huffman. Stereochemistry JWH-176 is the (''E'')-stereoisomer of 1-( -pentylinden-1-ylidineethyl)naphthalene, whereas JWH-171 is the mixture of the (''E'')- and (''Z'')-isomers. : Legal status In the United States, CB1 receptor agonists of the 1-(1-naphthylmethylene)indene class such as JWH-176 and JWH-171 are Schedule I Controlled Substance This is the list of Schedule I drugs as defined by the United States Controlle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabinoid
Cannabinoids () are several structural classes of compounds found in the cannabis plant primarily and most animal organisms (although insects lack such receptors) or as synthetic compounds. The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (delta-9-THC), the primary intoxicating compound in cannabis. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major constituent of temperate Cannabis plants and a minor constituent in tropical varieties. At least 113 distinct phytocannabinoids have been isolated from cannabis, although only four (i.e., THCA, CBDA, CBCA and their common precursor CBGA) have been demonstrated to have a biogenetic origin. It was reported in 2020 that phytocannabinoids can be found in other plants such as rhododendron, licorice and liverwort, and earlier in Echinacea. Phytocannabinoids are multi-ring phenolic compounds structurally related to THC, but endocannabinoids are fatty acid derivatives. Nonclassical synthetic cannabinoids (cannabimimetics) include amin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synthetic Cannabis
Synthetic cannabinoids are a class of designer drug molecules that bind to the same receptors to which cannabinoids (THC, CBD and many others) in cannabis plants attach. These novel psychoactive substances should not be confused with synthetic phytocannabinoids (THC or CBD obtained by chemical synthesis) or synthetic endocannabinoids from which they are in many aspects distinct. Typically, synthetic cannabinoids are sprayed onto plant matter and are usually smoked, although they have also been ingested as a concentrated liquid form in the US and UK since 2016. They have been marketed as herbal incense, or "herbal smoking blends", and sold under common names like K2, spice, and synthetic marijuana. They are often labeled "not for human consumption" for liability defense. A large and complex variety of synthetic cannabinoids are designed in an attempt to avoid legal restrictions on cannabis, making synthetic cannabinoids designer drugs. Most synthetic cannabinoids are agonists of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CB1 Receptor Agonists
{{Letter-NumberCombDisambig ...
CB1 may refer to: * CB1, a postcode district in the CB postcode area * Cannabinoid receptor 1, a receptor for cannabinoids in the brain * ''Crash Bandicoot'' (video game), the first game in the ''Crash Bandicoot'' series * Manhattan Community Board 1 The Manhattan Community Board 1 is a New York City community board encompassing the neighborhoods of Battery Park City, the Financial District, the South Street Seaport, and TriBeCa in Lower Manhattan in the borough of Manhattan as well as Liber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JWH-185
JWH-185 is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor ligand from the naphthoylindole family. It is the carbonyl-reduced derivative of related compound JWH-081. The binding affinity of JWH-185 for the CB1 receptor is reported as Ki = 17 ± 3 nM. In the United States, all CB1 receptor agonists of the 3-(1-naphthylmethane)indole class such as JWH-185 are Schedule I Controlled Substances. See also * JWH-081 * JWH-184 References JWH cannabinoids Naphthoylindoles CB1 receptor agonists {{cannabinoid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JWH-184
JWH-184 is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor ligand from the naphthylmethylindole family. It is the carbonyl-reduced derivative of related compound JWH-122. The binding affinity of JWH-184 for the CB1 receptor is reported as Ki = 23 ± 6 nM. In the United States, all CB1 receptor agonists of the 3-(1-naphthylmethane)indole class such as JWH-184 are Schedule I Controlled Substances. See also * JWH-018 * JWH-122 * JWH-185 References JWH cannabinoids CB1 receptor agonists Naphthalenes Indoles {{cannabinoid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schedule I Controlled Substance
This is the list of Schedule I drugs as defined by the United States Controlled Substances Act. 21 CFRbr>1308.11(CSA Sched I) with changes through (Oct 18, 2012). Retrieved September 6, 2013. The following findings are required for drugs to be placed in this schedule: # The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. # The drug or other substance has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. # There is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. Except as specifically authorized, it is illegal for any person: # to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, or possess with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense, a controlled substance; or # to create, distribute, dispense, or possess with intent to distribute or dispense, a counterfeit substance. Additional substances are added to the list by the Secretary of Health and Human Services pursuant to 21 CFR 1308.49. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissociation Constant
In chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, a dissociation constant (K_D) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions. The dissociation constant is the inverse of the association constant. In the special case of salts, the dissociation constant can also be called an ionization constant. For a general reaction: : A_\mathit B_\mathit \mathit A + \mathit B in which a complex \ce_x \ce_y breaks down into ''x'' A subunits and ''y'' B subunits, the dissociation constant is defined as : K_D = \frac where and ''x'' B''y''are the equilibrium concentrations of A, B, and the complex A''x'' B''y'', respectively. One reason for the popularity of the dissociation constant in biochemistry and pharmacology is that in the frequently encount ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Receptor (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems. These signals are typically chemical messengers which bind to a receptor and cause some form of cellular/tissue response, e.g. a change in the electrical activity of a cell. There are three main ways the action of the receptor can be classified: relay of signal, amplification, or integration. Relaying sends the signal onward, amplification increases the effect of a single ligand, and integration allows the signal to be incorporated into another biochemical pathway. Receptor proteins can be classified by their location. Transmembrane receptors include ligand-gated ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, and enzyme-linked hormone receptors. Intracellular receptors are those found inside the cell, and include cytoplasmic receptors and nuclear receptors. A molecule that binds to a receptor is called a ligand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylene Bridge
In organic chemistry, a methylene bridge, methylene spacer, or methanediyl group is any part of a molecule with formula ; namely, a carbon atom bound to two hydrogen atoms and connected by single bonds to two other distinct atoms in the rest of the molecule. It is the repeating unit in the skeleton of the unbranched alkanes. A methylene bridge can also act as a bidentate ligand joining two metals in a coordination compound, such as titanium and aluminum in Tebbe's reagent.W. A. Herrmann (1982), "The methylene bridge". In ''Advances in Organometallic Chemistry'', volume 20, pages 195-197. A methylene bridge is often called a methylene group or simply methylene, as in "methylene chloride" (dichloromethane ). As a bridge in other compounds, for example in cyclic compounds, it is given the name methano. However, the term methylene group (or "methylidene") properly applies to the group when it is connected to the rest of the molecule by a double bond (), giving it chemical proper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone is a functional group with the structure R–C(=O)–R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group –C(=O)– (which contains a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' is methyl), with the formula . Many ketones are of great importance in biology and in industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids (e.g., testosterone), and the solvent acetone. Nomenclature and etymology The word ''ketone'' is derived from ''Aketon'', an old German word for ''acetone''. According to the rules of IUPAC nomenclature, ketone names are derived by changing the suffix ''-ane'' of the parent alkane to ''-anone''. Typically, the position of the carbonyl group is denoted by a number, but traditional nonsystematic names are still generally used for the most important ketones, for example acetone and benzophenone. These nonsystematic names are considere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.svg "Click for more on -> Receptor (biochemistry)")
