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JACKPHY
In library automation the initialism JACKPHY refers to a group of language scripts not based on Roman characters, specifically: Japanese, Arabic, Chinese, Korean, Persian, Hebrew, and Yiddish. Focus on these seven writing systems by Library of Congress, based on sharing bibliographic records using MARC standards, included a partnership between 1979 and 1983 with the Research Libraries Group to develop cataloging capability for non-Roman scripts in the RLIN bibliographic utility. by Susan Morris, ''Library of Congress Information Bulletin'', vol. 66: no. 12, December 2007. Ongoing efforts (JACKPHY Plus) enabled functionality for |
Chinese Character Code For Information Interchange
The Chinese Character Code for Information Interchange () or CCCII is a character set developed by the Chinese Character Analysis Group in Taiwan. It was first published in 1980, and significantly expanded in 1982 and 1987. It is used mostly by library systems. It is one of the earliest established and most sophisticated encodings for traditional Chinese (predating the establishment of Big5 in 1984 and CNS 11643 in 1986). It is distinguished by its unique system for encoding simplified versions and other variants of its main set of hanzi characters. A variant of an earlier version of CCCII is used by the Library of Congress as part of MARC-8, under the name East Asian Character Code (EACC, ANSI/NISO Z39.64), where it comprises part of MARC 21's JACKPHY support. However, EACC contains fewer characters than the most recent versions of CCCII. Design Byte ranges CCCII is designed as an 94n set, as defined by ISO/IEC 2022. Each Chinese character is represented by a 3-byte code in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MARC-8
The MARC-8 charset is a MARC standard used in MARC-21 library records. The MARC formats are standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information in machine-readable form, and they are frequently used in library database systems. The character encoding now known as MARC-8 was introduced in 1968 as part of the MARC format. Originally based on the Latin alphabet, from 1979 to 1983 the JACKPHY initiative expanded the repertoire to include Japanese, Arabic, Chinese, and Hebrew characters (among others), with the later addition of Cyrillic and Greek scripts. If a character is not representable in MARC-8 of a MARC-21 record, then UTF-8 must be used instead. UTF-8 has support for many more characters than MARC-8, which is rarely used outside library data. Technical details MARC-8 uses a variant of the ISO-2022 encoding. It uses escape characters to represent characters beyond the 7-bit ASCII range of characters. It generally uses the same logical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Research Libraries Group
The Research Libraries Group (RLG) was a U.S.-based library consortium that existed from 1974 until its merger with the OCLC library consortium in 2006. RLG developed the Eureka interlibrary search engine, the RedLightGreen database of bibliographic descriptions, and ArchiveGrid, a database containing descriptions of archival collections. It also developed a framework known as the "RLG Conspectus" for evaluating research library collections, which evolved into a set of descriptors used in library collection policy statements, last updated in 1997.Collecting Levels . Library of Congress. loc.gov. Retrieved 2017-06-19. The used the conspectus in 2015 in the revision of its own collection pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MARC Standards
MARC (machine-readable cataloging) standards are a set of digital formats for the description of items catalogued by libraries, such as books, DVDs, and digital resources. Computerized library catalogs and library management software need to structure their catalog records as per an industry-wide standard, which is MARC, so that bibliographic information can be shared freely between computers. The structure of bibliographic records almost universally follows the MARC standard. Other standards work in conjunction with MARC, for example, Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR)/Resource Description and Access (RDA) provide guidelines on formulating bibliographic data into the MARC record structure, while the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD) provides guidelines for displaying MARC records in a standard, human-readable form. History Working with the Library of Congress, American computer scientist Henriette Avram developed MARC during 1965–1968 to create reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Library Automation
An integrated library system (ILS), also known as a library management system (LMS), is an enterprise resource planning system for a library, used to track items owned, orders made, bills paid, and patrons who have borrowed. An ILS usually is constituted of a relational database, software to interact with that database, and two graphical user interfaces (one for patrons, one for staff). Most ILSes separate software functions into discrete programs called modules, each of them integrated with a unified interface. Examples of modules might include: * acquisitions (ordering, receiving, and invoicing materials) * cataloging (classifying and indexing materials) * circulation (lending materials to patrons and receiving them back) * serials (tracking magazine, journals, and newspaper holdings) * online public access catalog or OPAC (public user interface) Each patron and item has a unique ID in the database that allows the ILS to track its activity. History Pre-computerization Prior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliographic Record
A bibliographic record is an entry in a bibliographic index (or a library catalog) which represents and describes a specific resource. A bibliographic record contains the data elements necessary to help users identify and retrieve that resource, as well as additional supporting information, presented in a formalized bibliographic format. Additional information may support particular database functions such as search, or browse (e.g., by keywords), or may provide fuller presentation of the content item (e.g., the article's abstract). Bibliographic records are usually retrievable from bibliographic indexes (e.g., contemporary bibliographic databases) by author, title, index term, or keyword. Bibliographic records can also be referred to as ''surrogate records'' or metadata. Bibliographic records can represent a wide variety of published contents, including traditional paper, digitized, or born-digital publications. The process of creation, exchange, and preservation of bibliographic re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
